• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2013

Foreign matters in foods are important food safety issue of consumers, retailers, food manufacturers and food safety authorities in Korea. In order to provide information for development of risk management options and detection technology for foreign matters, multifactorial risk of foreign matters in foods was estimated based on various factors including detection rate, health adverse effect, economic and social aspects. For the each of five food items and foreign matters which were selected from previous study, factors including detection rates, health adverse effects, annual production amounts and willingness to additional pay to reduce foreign matters in foods were quantitatively estimated. The highest risk score was estimated for metal-noodle combination followed by insect-noodle and metal-beverage combinations. The multifactorial risk assessment on foreign matters in food could provide useful information to support risk managers and scientist in complex decision making when various factors should be concerned and different food-foreign matter combinations are compared.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.387-394
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• 2013

We aim to unveil dietary history recorded in Neolithic human bone from Janghang site at Gadeok Island, Busan. Excavation of Janghang site at Gadeok Island from 2010 to 2011 is an outstanding discovery in Korean Neolithic archaeology. A large number of human bones (48 individuals) were found at Janghang site, which is the largest-scale Neolithic cemetery in Korea. We extracted human bone collagen from 10 individuals and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis were carried out using carbon and nitrogen analyzer connected to a continuous-flow isotope-ratio-monitoring mass-spectrometer. Although bone histological analysis shows poor preservation state, stable isotope results correspond well with bone collagen quality indicator, which implies that bone collagen reflects lifetime signature. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope result indicates highly marinebased diet(${\delta}^{13}$C=$-14.5{\pm}1.3$‰, ${\delta}^{15}$N=$-17.4{\pm}1.7$‰, n=10), however the possible input of terrestrial animal and wild plant cannot be excluded. Our isotopic findings provide an invaluable information on Neolithic subsistence economy in this coastal area. In addition, Janghang site shows specific features in burial methods and burial goods. Two different burial methods of arranging bodies are found with extended burial type and particularly high ratio of flexed burial type. There are also burial goods such as pottery. However, there are no significant isotopic differences according to burial methods and burial goods. Although this is a preliminary study on this site, our research will provide important clues in understanding isotopic dietary history of Korean Neolithic people.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.566-576
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• 2016

It is known that the Real Estate Sales Market and Auction Market are closely interrelated with each other in a variety of respects and the media often mention the real estate auction market as a leading indicator of the real estate market. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationships between the housing market and auction market before and after macroeconomic fluctuations using VECM. The period from January 2002 to December 2008, which was before the financial crisis, was set as Model 1 and the period from January 2009 to November 2015, which was after the financial crisis, was set as Model 2. The results are as follows. First, the housing auction market is less sensitive to changes in the housing market than it is to fluctuations in the auction market. This means that changes in the auction market precede fluctuations in the housing market, which shows that the auction market as a trading market is activated. In this respect, public institutions need to realize the importance of the housing auction market and check trends in the housing contract price in the auction market. Also, investors need to ensure that they have expertise in the auction market.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.612-620
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• 2013

In this study, time series analysis was tried, which is widely applied to demand forecast of diverse fields such as finance, economy, trade, and so on, different from previous regression analysis. Future marine traffic volume was forecasted on the basis of data of the number of ships entering Incheon port from January 1996 to June 2013, through courses of stationarity verification, model identification, coefficient estimation, and diagnostic checking. As a result of prediction January 2014 to December 2015, February has less traffic volume than other months, but January has more traffic volume than other months. Also, it was found out that Incheon port was more proper to ARIMA model than exponential smoothing method and there was a difference of monthly traffic volume according to seasons. The study has a meaning in that future traffic volume was forecasted per month with time series model. Also, it is judged that forecast of future marine traffic volume through time series model will be the more suitable model than prediction of marine traffic volume with previous regression analysis.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

With the economic development of Korea, sewage treatment facilities and waste food treatment facilities have been steadily increased. These facilities have positive effects such as the conservation of the water resources quality and waste food recycling while they also affect the neighborhood life with severe odor problems. Therefore, it was first collected sludge samples from 5 sewage treatment facilities and 5 waste food treatment facilities where the amounts of waste produced from above sites are relatively immense in Busan and estimate the $H_2S$ emission rates. Then it was selected 1 sample which has the highest emission rate of $H_2S$. Using flux chamber and GC/FPD analyses, it was tried to quantify the emitted amount of sulfonic gas concentration under anoxic condition. The sludge sample obtained from Noksan sewage treatment facility has the highest emission rate of $H_2S$. This sample contained 156.18 mg/kg $H_2S$. The odor compounds were analyzed using GC/FPD and the concentrations were converted to odor quotient. Among odor compounds the ratio of $CH_3SH$ (methylmercaptan) for the total odor quotient was 47.3% and considered to be the main odor compound in the sample.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-53
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• 2011

This paper studies the contribution of imports and inward foreign direct investment (FDI) as a vehicle of technology transfer onto the EU new member states at both macroeconomic and industry level. The paper takes the effectiveness of the recipient's utilization into account by constructing a new index, the so-called Effective Absorption (EA) Index, to measure ability to absorb and utilize the foreign technology in the recipient country. Using data from 12 donors and 10 recipients from 1998 to 2009, the study at macroeconomic level indicates that technical spillovers of foreign research and development (R&D) play more crucial role relatively to domestic R&D on total factor productivity (TFP) growth of the new member states. Imports are found as the major vehicle of technical spillovers rather than inward FDI. The study at industry level is conducted by using data from 17 manufacturing industries of 10 donors and 6 recipients during 1998 to 2009. The empirical results also support the findings at country level. The patterns of technology transfer are different across industries. Nonetheless, technical spillovers exhibit significantly high contribution on TFP growth in high-tech manufacturing industries.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.2 s.52
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• pp.163-176
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• 2007

Landslides which is one of the major natural hazard is defined as a mass movement of weathered material rock and debris due to gravity and can be triggered by complex mechanism. It causes enormous property damages and losses of human lift directly and indirectly. In order to mitigate landslide risk effectively, a new method is required to develope for better understanding of landslide risk based on the damaged cost produce, investment priority data, etc. In this study, we suggest a new evaluation method for slope stability using risk analysis. 30 slopes including 10 stable slopes, 10 slopes of possible failure and 10 failed slopes along the national and local roads are examined. Risk analysis comprises the hazard analysis and the consequence analysis. Risk scores evaluated by risk analysis show very clear boundaries for each category and are the highest for the failed slopes and the lowest for the stable slopes. The evaluation method for slope stability suggested by this research may define the condition and stability of slope more clearly than other methods suggested by others.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze each country's infectious disease response capacities and, based on this, find areas for improvement in Korea's infectious disease management response. Methods: First, the capacity to respond to the COVID-19 infectious disease was analyzed by country using the SPAR scores of 96 countries around the world released by WHO in 2022. Second, we analyzed each country's specific COVID-19 quarantine performance using Our World in Data and the Global Health Security Index (GHSI). Results: First, the quarantine intensity index on January 24, 2021 was the highest in the Southeast Asia branch at 67.6, which had strong quarantine measures, and the lowest at 44.5 in the Africa branch. As of December 31, 2022, the quarantine intensity index in Europe was significantly lowered to 11.6. Second, the factor that influenced the SPAR indicator on the total number of patients per million population was national laboratory (C4), p=.027, and the factor that influenced the total number of deaths per million population was infection prevention and control (C9), p=.005., Risk Communication and Community Participation (C10) p=.040. The influential factor on GDP per capita was infection prevention and control (C9) p=.009, and the influential factor on GHSI was infection prevention and control (C9) p=.002. Conclusion: The research findings indicate that it was difficult to find a correlation between the SPAR, which is each country's self-assessment of their infectious disease capacities, and the number of COVID-19 cases or the intensity of pandemic responses. However, mortality rates, as well as factors such as the Global Health Security Index (GHSI) and national income, appear to be somewhat influenced. For future improvements in infectious disease management and response in our country, it is necessary to develop pandemic strategies that can reduce socio-economic costs based on more scientific and reliable data like JEE or GHSI, especially in preparation for potential unknown emerging infectious diseases. Based on this, proactive decision-making led by a control tower of experts and effective health communication are also required to respond to public health crises at a national level.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.107-134
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• 2007

This paper tests the relationship among returns, volatilities, contracts and open interests of KOSPI 200 futures markets with the various dynamic models such as granger-causality, impulse response, variance decomposition and ARMA(1, 1)-GJR-GARCH(1, 1)-M. The sample period is from July 7, 1998 to December 29, 2005. The main empirical results are as follows; First, both contract change and open interest change of KOSPI 200 futures market tend to lead the returns of that according to the results of granger-causality, impulse response and variance decomposition with VAR. These results are likely to support the KOSPI 200 futures market seems to be inefficient with rejecting the hypothesis 1. Second, we also find that the returns and volatilities of the KOSPI 200 futures market are effected by both contract change and open interest change of that due to the results of ARMA(1,1)-GJR-GARCH(1,1)-M. These results also reject the hypothesis 1 and 2 suggesting the evidences of inefficiency of the KOSPI 200 futures market. Third, the study shows the asymmetric information effects among the variables. In addition, we can find the feedback relationship between the contract change and open interest change of KOSPI 200 futures market.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.53-76
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• 2010

This paper attempts to estimate and compare environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) for$CO_2$ emissions of five regions constituting South Korea. For this, panel data of $CO_2$ emission for these regions are constucted for the period 1990 - 2007. Close inter-dependency among these five regions is considered by using a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model. In addition to real per-capita income, price index of energy sources and population dens ity are included as control variables. Results of estimates show the robust existence of EKC's in all these regions. EKC turning points of five regions range between 13.7 and 21.6 million Korean Won, showing a large variation. This difference among regions should be conisidered for the effective implementation of policies targeting the reduction of $CO_2$ emmission. In addition, the increase of energy price is found help reduce the $CO_2$ emmision while the rise of population density seems to lead to the increase of $CO_2$ emission.