• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.285-298
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• 2003

Shear properies of geosynthetic/geosynthetic and geosynthetic/soil interfaces which are widely met in landfill sites were evaluated from the inclined board tests. The inclined board testing apparatus is known to reproduce the shear behavior on the low normal stress most accurately. In this study, the friction angle of each interface was estimated and the tensile force mobilized at the geosynthetic was measured as well. The test results showed that the friction angle of each interface and the tensile force of the geosynthetics depended on the amount of normal stress, the type of the geosynthetics used, and the combinations of geosynthetics and soils. In addition, the sand/geotextile/geomembrane interface system was simulated in this study, and it was observed that the tensile force developed at the geomembrane decreased due to the protection effect of the geotextile located above the geomembrane. The test results of this research was compared with those of direct shear tests published, too. Finally, by comparing the measured tensile force of the geosynthetics when the initial displacement of the box occurs, when the slope is called as the critical slope, with suggested analytic solution, the accuracy of analytic solution and the applicability to design were identified.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2015

Multibeam backscatter strength is dependent not only on seafloor sediment facies but also on changed incidence angle due to the actual bottom slope. Therefore, the correction for actual bottom slope should be considered before the analysis of backscatter strength. This paper demonstrates the backscatter correction technique for the actual incidence angle and ensonified area. The target area is a part of the eastern Yellow Sea with water depths of 46~55 m. The area is located between the sand ridges and covered by large dunes with various bottom slopes. The dunes usually have the gentle slopes of about $1{\sim}3^{\circ}$, but show some steep slopes of $5{\sim}15^{\circ}$ on the crest. The backscatter strength values on the crest range from -34 to -23 dB, assuming that the bottom is flat. However, this study shows that the backscatter strength range was somewhat reduced (-32~-25 dB) after correction for actual bottom slope. In addition, the backscatter imagery was significantly improved; high and low backscatter strength values on the crest due to the actual bottom slope were normalized. The results demonstrate that the correction technique in this study is an effective tool for processing backscatter strength.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.246-249
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• 2006

우리나라는 산사태로 최근 10년간 연평균 22명의 인명과 156억 원의 재산피해가 발생하였다. 산사태 발생 지역의 위치와 발생 규모 및 산사태 특성 분석은 전문가가 조사하여 판단하여야 하나 이는 많은 인원의 동원과 상당한 작업량이 요구되고 판정결과가 개인에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 PKNU 3호 항공사진 이용하여 산사태 발생 지역 관측하고 GIS기법을 활용하여 산사태 지역을 붕괴지, 유하지, 퇴적지로 분류하여 각 구역별 고도, 경사도, 경사위치, 하천장, 유하면적의 자료를 획득하여 산사태 발생지역의 특성을 분석하고 산사태에 대한 기초자료를 획득하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.150-157
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• 1997

A precise determination of the fuel efficiency is important because North/South station keeping, which controls the inclination of the geostationary orbit, consumes most of the satellie fuel. We estimate the amount of fuel required during the lifetime of the KOREASAT when MFT(Minimum Fuel Target) technique is adopted, and the result is compared to those when MCT(Maximum Compensation Target) and TBCT(Track-Back Chord Target) technique are applied. From this computation, we find that if MFT technique is adopted, the lifetime of the satellite can be extended at least 45 and 15 days, respectively, compared to those consumed with MCT and TBCT technique.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.4 s.69
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• pp.499-515
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of head posture the position of the tongue or the hyoid bone to craniofacial structure. Cephalograms taken in Natural head position(NHP) of 90 dental students (50 in male, 40 in female, 20 to 30 years in age) were traced and measured using the extracranial true horizontal and vertical lines. The obtained results were as follows; 1. There was no sex difference in head posture, but the hyoid bone was placed anteroinferiorly in male more than in female and anteroinferior inclination of the hyoid bone showed greatly in male. 2. The more inclined was the cervical column, the less prognathic was the face in natural head posture, and the larger cervical curvature, the more vertical pattern of the face. 3. The less small showed craniocervical angulation, the more anteriorly placed was the hyoid bone to the cranial base, and there was no significantly association between craniocervical angulation and the vertical position of the hyoid bone. 4. The more prognathic was the mandible, the more anteriorly placed was the hyoid bone, and there was slightly association between the craniofacial morphology and the vertical position of the hyoid bone.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2007

Impact on cylindrical surface caused by plunging breaking waves is investigated experimentally. The breaking waves are generated in a wave flume by decreasing the wave maker frequencies linearly and focusing the generated wave components at one specific location. The breaking wave packets are based on constant wave steepness spectrum. Three inclination angles of cylinder are applied to examine the effect of contact angle between cylinder and front surface of breaking waves. Also, the effect of cylinder diameter on pressure distribution and its peak value is investigated by adopting three cylinders with different diameters. The longitudinal location of cylinder is slightly moved in eight different points to find out a probable maximum value of impact pressure. The pressures and total force on cylinder surface are measured by piezo-electric pressure sensors and 3-components load cell with 30kHz sampling rate. The variation of peak impact pressures and forces is analyzed in terms of cylinder diameter, inclination angle and location. Also, the pressure distribution on cylindrical surface is examined. The cylinder location and surface position are more important parameters that govern the magnitude and shape of peak pressures, while the cylinder diameter and inclined angle are relatively insignificant. In a certain conditions, the impact phenomenon becomes very unstable which results in a large variation of measured valves in repeated runs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.21-21
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• 1997

인공위성용 추진제 탱크를 개발하기 위해 여러 설계인자를 설정하여 각 인자가 탱크벽면에 미치는 응력분포 영향을 구하고, 또한 최적의 인자 값을 구하기 위해 각 인자의 변화에 따라서 구조해석을 수행하였다. 탱크 지지부 위치와 탱크 벽면 두께 변화에 따른 탱크 벽면에 미치는 응력분포 영향을 고찰하기 위해 1/4 모델을 설정하였고, 연료배출구의 위치변화(경사각돈)에 따른 응력분포는 1/2 모델을 설정하여 해석을 하였다. 탱크에 작용하는 하중은 연료압력에 의해 발생하는 정하중(350 psi)을 가하며 또한, 발사 시 발사체로부터 전달되는 최대동하중(llg)을 고려하였다. 그리고, 탱크가 인공위성에 장착될 때에 발생하는 다양한 장착조건에 대해서 구조해석을 수행하였고, 추진제 배출구 각도가 $0^{\circ}$ 에서 $25^{\circ}C$까지 변화할 때 탱크 벽면에 미치는 응력분포 영향을 구했다. 그래서 각 조건에서 구한 상당응력분포와 인자의 최적 값은 추진제 탱크를 설계하기 위한 기초적인 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.766-773
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• 2011

The inclination attitude of the Ground-Based Radar can be measured by the accelerometer due to its static operation environment, but the measurement error is generated from the angular acceleration of the accelerometer, which is created in mechanical oscillation by the dynamic environment, like the wind, gust, rotating antenna, etc. In this paper, the technique of reducing the measurement error of the attitude by the dynamic attitude is proposed and the result of the simulation and the analysis of tracking error by the attitude error are presented.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.16 no.3 s.49
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• pp.255-263
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• 2006

In an electrical tomographic survey using an inclined borehole with a pole-dipole array, we must consider several factors: a singular point associated with zero potential difference, a spatial discrepancy between electrode and nodal point in a model due to a inclined borehole, and a variation of geometric factors in connection with a irregular topography. Singular points which are represented by the normal distance from current source to the ground surface can be represented by serveral regions due to a irregular topography of ground surface. The method of element division can be applied to the region in which the borehole is curved, inclined or the distance between the electrodes is shorter than that of nodal points, because the coordinate of each electrode cannot be assigned directly to the nodal point if several electrodes are in an element. Test on a three-dimensional (3-D) synthetic model produces good images of conductive target and shoves stable convergence.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2011

Purpose: This article attempted to examine how teeth for restoration is made in a clinical practice and utilize it as future educational material of teeth formation and basic data for additional research. Materials and methods: This experiment investigated the models sent to milling center for production of zirconia crowns. After scanned with Lava CAD/CAM System (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), they are measured on 'ImageJ (version 1.32j, National Institutes of Health, USA)' program and compared and analyzed. Convergence angle from mesio-distal surfaces and bucco-lingual surfaces of each teeth are measured. Also, bucco-lingual diameter of the region lowered as much as 0.4 mm from incisal edge in anterior teeth except canines.(This measure is defined as the Peak 0.4) The analysis of data between each group was conducted by Windows SPSS statistic program, and was proved significant on 95% confidence level by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple analysis (Sheff${\'{e}}$ test). Results: The mean value of convergence angle was $18.67^{\circ}$ It is ranked as molar ($26.70^{\circ}$) > premolar ($16.87^{\circ}$) > anterior teeth ($14.81^{\circ}$) in the order of mesio-distal convergence angle; anterior teeth ($22.32^{\circ}$) > molar ($20.93^{\circ}$) > premolar ($15.41^{\circ}$) in the order of bucco-lingual convergence angle. The mean value of Peak 0.4 was 1.18 mm. Conclusion: Convergence angle of abutment of zirconia all ceramic crown has difference depending on the location in the arch. Due to the nature of production of zirconia all ceramic crown, convergence angle of abutment and line angle finishing degree can have an effect on internal suitability of restoration.