• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.331-343
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• 2000

구강안면통증환자에서 저출력 레이저의 임상 효과는 많은 임상가에 의해 연구되었으나 그 결과에 대해서는 아직도 논란중이다. 이에 본 연구는 두 가지 방법으로 시행하여 구강안면부위의 발통점에 대한 저출력 레이저의 효과를 평가하였다. 첫 번째 방법은 저작근 중 교근, 측두근과 경부근육 중 승모근에 발통점을 가진 부산대학교 치과대학생 69명중 37명은 레이저 조사군, 32명은 레이저 모의 조사군으로 무작위로 분류하여 저출력 레이저의 치료효과를 평가하였다. 둘째 방법으로 동일 근육에 발통점이 있는 19명의 환자와 발통점이 전혀 없는 20명의 정상인을 무작위로 환자군과 정상 대조군으로 분류하고, 각 군을 다시 레이저 조사군과 모의 조사군으로 나누어 실제 저출력 레이저의 치료효과와 위약효과를 평가하였다. 50mW, 820nm의 GaAlAs 반도체 레이저를 이용하여 4주 동안 첫 주는 2회, 이후 3주 동안 각 1회씩 총 5회를 조사하였고, 레이저 모의 조사군에서도 동일한 방법으로 시행하였다. 치료반응은 전자통각계를 이용하여 압력통각역치를 치료 전, 치료 2주 및 4주에 측정하여 이를 비교한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 레이저 조사군의 각 근육에서 측정한 압력통각역치는 치료 2주 후부터 유의하게 높아졌으며(P<0.05), 모의 조사군과의 차이는 이후 점점 더 증가하였다(P<0.001). 모의 조사군에서는 압력통각역치의 유의한 변화가 없었다. 2. 레이저 조사-환자군에서 측정한 압력통각역치는 레이저 모의조사-환자군의 압력통각역치보다 그 증가폭이 더 크게 나타났다(P<0.05). 정상 대조군은 레이저 조사와 관계없이 압력통각역치에 유의성이 없었다. 3. 약간의 위약 반응이 레이저 모의조사 환자군과 정상 대조군에서 관찰되나, 레이저 조사 환자군의 실제 레이저 치료효과가 위약 반응보다 우세하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.51-59
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• 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobilization with movement (MWM) applied to the ankle joint, on the craniovertebral angle (CVA), pressure pain threshold, and neck disability index (NDI) in asymptomatic adults with a forward head posture (FHP). Methods: A total of 32 subjects with FHP were assigned to either the MWM group (N=16) or the cranio-cervical flexion exercise (CCFE) group (n=16). The CVA, pressure pain threshold and NDI were measured before and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results: A significant improvement in the CVA was observed in the MWM group (p<.05), whereas no significant changes (p>.05) were observed in the CCFE group. Both groups showed significant differences in the pressure pain threshold and NDI before and after the intervention (p<.05). Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that MWM applied to the ankle joint can effectively improve the CVA, pressure pain threshold, and NDI of adults with a forward head posture. Based on this study, the ankle MWM technique for dorsiflexion can be used as an objective research method for additional studies targeting FHP patients in the future.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 2000

배경 및 목적: Theodor Kocker에 의해 일반화된 전통적인 갑상선 수술방법은 갑상선 질환의 종류 및 정도, 수술범위와 상관없이 광범위한 수술범위로 인한 조직 손상으로 인해 수술후 환자들의 여러가지 불편감은 물론 경부의 넓은 부위의 통증과 경부 피부부종, 장액종, 혈종 등과 같은 후유증을 동반할 수 있다. 최근 본 저자들은 이같은 전통적 갑상선 수술의 부작용을 최소화하기 위해 작은 피부절개($3{\sim}4.5cm$) 후 피하 피판(subplatysmal skin flap) 없이 직접 갑상선으로 접근하는 새로운 수술기법으로서 최소침습 갑상선 수술기법을 개발하였기에 그 술식을 소개하고 전통적인 갑상선 절제술에 대한 우월성을 확인하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 1월 15일 부터 2000년 1월 14일까지 573예의 갑상선 수술 예 중 최소침습 갑상선절제술이 시행되었던 466예와 1998년 1월 15일부터 1999년 1월 14일까지 전통적 갑상선 수술을 시행한 549예 중 거대 종양(양성>6cm, 악성>5cm), 흉골하 선종, 국소진행암, 재발암, 측경부의 다발성 림프절 전이가 있었던 112예를 제외한 437예의 임상병리적 특성과 피부절개 길이, 수술 시간, 수술중 출혈양, 수술후 진통제 요구빈도 및 재윈기간, 수술 후 합병증 발생빈도를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 두 군간의 임상병리적 특성상의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 피부절개 길이($3.7{\pm}0.7cm,\;vs\;9.6{\pm}3.3cm$), 수술 시간($57.6{\pm}11.7$분 vs $85.2{\pm}32.3$분) 수술 중 출혈양($18.4{\pm}15.3ml\;vs\;43.1{\pm}21.8ml$), 수술후 재원기간($1.6{\pm}0.5$일 vs $4.3{\pm}1.6$일), 및 수술후 진통제 요구빈도가 전통적 수술군에 비해 최소침습 수술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 감소되었으나(p<0.05), 수술후 장액종 및 혈종 형성, 일시적인 음색변화, 일시적인 저칼슘혈증과 같은 합병증의 발생빈도는 각각 4.3%(n=20)와 4.8%(n=21)로 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론: 최소침습 갑상선 수술법은 새로운 수술기구의 도입 없이도 갑상선 수술의 충분한 시야를 확보할 수 있고 안전하고 간단하게 시행할 수 있으며, 기존 수술법으로 인한 부작용을 최소화할 수 있어 전통적 인 수술법을 대치할 수 있는 새로운 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mesiodistal widths at the cervical level of primary second molars in Korean children, and to compare them with commercial rubber dam clamps commonly used in pediatric dentistry. Dental casts of 115 primary and mixed dentition children were studied. Cervical mesiodistal width (C-MD) was measured at the clinical cervical level of each primary second molar from buccal and lingual sides using a digital caliper (Absolute, Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan). The data were compared with mesiodistal widths of rubber dam clamps #203/204, #10/11, and #205 (Dentech, Japan). C-MDs of primary mandibular second molars were larger than those of primary maxillary second molars, and C-MDs at buccal sides were larger than those of lingual sides. All C-MDs showed statistically significant discrepancies to corresponding widths on clamps (p < 0.05). However the amount of discrepancy was mild in maxillary teeth, while up to 1 mm of discrepancy was shown in mandibular teeth. In conclusion, C-MDs measured in this study imply a relatively fair fit of #10/#11 or #203/#204 clamps on primary maxillary second molars, while suggesting our need for a better clamp with proper size for primary mandibular second molars.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.124-126
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• 1997

Stellate ganglion block is the most widely practiced procedure in the pain clinics due to its wide range of indications. We experienced a rare case who exhibited severe hematoma in neck following stellate ganglion block. A 58-year-old female patient injured by a traffic accident was admitted to the department of negro surgery for the treatment of cerebral contusion, cervical and lumbar sprain and left arm paresis. Because left sensory neural hearing loss occurred, the patient was referred to the pain clinic for treatment with stellate ganglion block due to her left sensory neural hearing loss. The next day stellate ganglion block was done with a negative aspiration for blood. Three hours later, hematoma in neck was found and the patient complained of pain in the neck and dyspnea. The symptoms and signs of respiratory difficulty were progressively aggravated. The hematoma was removed and ruptured muscular branch of vertebral artery was ligated under surgical exploration. In this case, the needle was apparently in the branch of vertebral artery during or after injection in spite of the negative aspiration for blood. Authors recommend that compression of the injected site over 5 minutes should be necessary to prevent a hematoma formation despite of a negative aspiration for blood.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.97-100
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• 1997

We treated a 56 year old male ailing of painful herpetic eruption on his 2nd, 3rd and 4th left cervical spinal segment. On the 18th day, patient also suffered an abrupt left facial palsy, accompanied with ongoing postherpetic neuralgia even though the skin eruption had been cured. This patient visited our pain clinic on his 46th day of illness and was teated with continuous cervical epidural block for 9 days, and stellate ganglion block plus oral analgesics and antidepressant for 12 days. The combination of treatments resulted in marked improvement of facial palsy and postherpetic neuralgia. A possible explanation of facial palsy accompanied with herpes zoster on cervical spinal segment could be related to Hunt's hypothesis that geniculate ganglion forms a chain connecting the high cervical ganglion below. Another possibility may be related to a compression injury of the facial nerve by long-term severe edema on the soft tissue of the face, the periauricular area and parotid gland around the facial nerve, and edema on the facial nerve itself emerging out from the cranium.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.110-125
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• 2003

The purpose of this study investigated cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility in patients with chronic neck pain and the effect of a exercise treatment and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Fourteen patients with a chronic neck pain participated in this study. Subjects were divided into three groups, one group had undergone medicine, another medicine and TENS, the other medicine and TENS and exercise. the result of this research were as follow 1. No significant differences were found in medicine group and medicine and TENS during 4 weeks follow-up(P>.05). 2. Head reposition errors were significant in medicine and TENS and exercise during 4 weeks follow-up(P<.05). 3. In a period of treatment time, significant differences were found in each groups(P<.05).

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.143-145
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• 1998

There are reports on cervical epidural anesthesia for surgery of neck, chest and upper limb. However, there are limited published data on the specific problems with this procedure, including dural puncture, epidural abscess, and vasovagal syncopes. We experienced two cases of vasovagal syncope during cervical epidural anesthesia in the sitting position. These syncopes consisted of sudden hypotention and bradycardia, associated with nausea, dizzness and sweating. The patients were resuscitated successfully and recovered without any adverse effects. Current literature is being reviewed and the possible mechanisms of cardiac arrest under cervical epidural anesthesia in the sitting position are being discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.346-349
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• 1998

The technique of the stellate ganglion block is widely used as it is relatively simple and safe. But it can cause severe complications because there are major blood vessels and nerves around the stellate ganglion. We practiced CPR because of the respiratory failure caused by severe hematoma in the neck following the stellate ganglion block. A 46-year-old male patient admitted to ENT department because of the both sudden sensorineural hearing loss that happened after URI. He was referred to Pain Clinic for further evaluation and treatment. We decided to block the stellate ganglion. We injected 6ml of 0.5% mepivacaine on both sides of the stellate ganglion. There were no blood aspiration and abnormal vital signs during the 30 minute observation, either. Three hours after he went to the private room, he had pain and edema in his neck, but no respiratory defficulty. But later, respiratory failure was suddenly followed. So we practiced CPR. We confirmed severe hematomas in the neck through CT scanning. Hematomas is removed and the ruptured blood vessels which is supposed to be muscular branch of vertebral artery is ligated under general anesthesia. The patient was discharged from hospital after the treatment of pneumonia and duodenal ulcer as complications. We recommand you to compress the block site more than five minutes and not to prick with the needle several times at one point to prevent the formation of hematomas.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.281-300
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• 1999

측두하악장애환자와 정상대조군의 두경부 근육에 있어서 실제 또는 위약 치료에 따른 저출력 레이저의 효과와 측두하악장애환자에서 저출력 레이저의 효과적인 치료기간을 평가하기 위하여, 측두하악장애를 가진 부산대학교 치과대학생 19명과 측두하악장애의 병력이나 증상이 없는 부산대학교 치과대학생 20명을 대상으로 치료전, 치료 2주 및 치료 4주에 구외촉진이 가능한 32 근골격 촉진점의 압력통각역치와 각각의 동통정도와 두개하악지수를 측정하여 다음과 갈은 결론을 얻었다, 1. 치료전 환자군의 압력통각역치는 정상대조군 압력통각역치보다 낮았다(p<0.05), 2. 환자군의 압력통각역치는 유의하게 증가하였으며 (p<0.05) 레이저 조사 환자군의 증가된 압력통각역치는 레이저 모의조사-환자군의 증가된 압력통각역치보다 더 크게 나타났다. 3. 대조군에서는 레이저 조사나 모의 조사에 의해 압력통각역치와 변화가 없었다. 4. 레이저 조사-환자군의 압력통각역치가 안면근육에서는 치료2주부터 유의하게 증가하였고 경부근육에서는 치료4주부터 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05) 5. 레이저 조사-환자군에서 동통의 정도와 두개하악지수는 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05).