• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

Recently, venture capital investment has been shrinking globally due to high interest rates and economic slowdown. Korea is no exception. Due to the downturn in the M&A and public markets, increasing economic uncertainty, and the aftermath of corporate bankruptcies, venture capitalists are facing many difficulties in raising funds. In the changed economic environment, the investment decision factors of venture capitalists have also changed. However, studies on VCs' investment decisions have focused on the general economic environment. This study examines how VCs' investment decision-making factors change during economic recessions and booms. To this end, we interviewed active investors who have experienced both economic recessions and booms to compare how VCs' investment decision factors change: 1) personal characteristics of founders, 2) experience of founders, 3) product/service, 4) market, 5) financial situation, 6) contract terms and 7) venture capital co-investment. The results showed that founder's personal characteristics, experience, and product/service were more important during the economic recession. Market is slightly more important during economic booms. The importance of financial situation and investment conditions increased sharply during the recession compared to the boom. Finally, venture capital co-investment did not differ significantly between recessions and booms. By understanding the investment decision-making factors of venture capitalists in the recent difficult venture investment environment, this study aims to help startups raise funds and survive in a difficult market.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.131-154
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• 2017

In international trade, transportation generally has the largest and direct impact on freight costs. However, it is also sensitive to external factors such as global economic conditions, global trade volume and exchange rate. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the relationship and influence of international trade in terms of external factors that affect the change of imports and exports by marine and air transportation through empirical analysis. In particular, the analysis of the impact of these external factors on marine and air transportation is an important topic when recent exchange rate changes are significant, and it is also necessary to analyze what transportation means are more sensitive to exchange rate changes. In this study, we use the Vector Error Correction Model to analyze the dynamic effects of changes in exchange rate and domestic and international economic conditions on marine and air transportation from January 2000 to March 2017. Respectively. Alos, Impulse response function and variance decomposition were examined.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.87-116
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• 2014

Forecasting of short-term employment fluctuations provides a useful tool for policy makers in risk managing the labor market. Following the process of producing the composite leading indicator for macro economy, the paper develops the employment leading indicator(ELI) for the purpose of short-term forecasting non-farm payroll employment in private sectors. ELI focuses on early detecting the point of time and the speed in phase change of employment level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.297-298
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• 2016

최근 들어 지구온난화에 따른 이상기후과 집중호우 그리고 급격한 도시화로 예측하기 어려운 수문현상의 변화가 생기고 있다. 특히 최근 기후변화로 인해 돌발성 집중호우가 짧은 시간에 집중하게 되면 수위가 급상승하게 되어 많은 재해를 유발시키는 일이 늘어나고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 집중호우로 피해가 빈번하게 발생하는 하천주변의 홍수피해지역을 분석하였으며, 대상 지역으로는 경기도 포천시 군내면에 위치한 포천천과 좌의천이 합류되는 지점에 침수가 발생한 공장을 대상지역으로 선정하였다. 수리 수문분석을 위해 FastTABS 모형을 이용하였으며, 피해발생 후 측량한 수위 등을 이용하여 분석하였다. 당시 침수피해 상황에 대하여 수리 수문학적인 측면에서 피해 원인분석을 하였으며, 본 연구에서 제시한 결과는 향후 호우피해에 관한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.249-260
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• 2009

Various methods have been suggested in developing the useful leading indicators to predict the actual realizations when time laps exist between policy plannings and future events. The recent economic crisis could have been relived if the information necessary to respond to the future evolutionary process is provided in advance. As the relations between the financial variables and the real economic activity become unstable because of the changes in the financial environment, this study attempts to estimate the capabilities of various internal and external term spreads in predicting the future business trend, followed by comparison and evaluation.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.457-465
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• 2015

The long lasting world-wide recession and low economic progress have made it more important to predict future economic behavior. Accordingly, it is of interest to explore useful leading indicators, correlated with policy targets, to predict future economic growth. This study attempts to develop a model to evaluate the performance of consumer survey results from Statistics Korea to predict future economic activities. A statistical model is formulated and estimated to generate predictions by utilizing consumer expectations. The prediction is found improved in the distant future and consumer expectations appear to be a useful leading indicator to provide information of future real growth.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1352-1356
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• 2006

우리나라에서 물과 관련된 분쟁은 민주화와 지방분권화가 가속화됨에 따라 갈등의 주체뿐만 아니라 전개양상까지도 다양하게 변화되고 있다. 최근에는 이 같은 갈등구조가 심화되고, 다양한 형태로 표출됨에 따라 사회불안요인으로까지 확대되고 있어 합리적이고 효율적인 분쟁해결을 지원하기 위한 방법론이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 대안적 분쟁해결(ADR, Alternative Dispute Resolution)의 기법 중 하나인 조정(mediation)과정에서의 조정안 도출을 위해 게임이론을 적용하였다. 게임이론에 의한 합리적 해는 제시된 조정안에 객관성을 부여함으로써 의사결정과정의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구를 통해 제시한 방법론을 지역 간물 배분과 관련한 가상의 분쟁상황에 적용하였으며, 동적완비정보게임(dynamic complete information game)에서의 교섭게임(bargaining game)으로 구성한 뒤, 경기자(players) 간 배분비율과 배분량을 도출하였고, 이를 편익함수에 의한 양 경기자의 부족편익과 초과편익을 비교하여 그만큼의 편익 차를 보상해주는 조정을 모색하였다. 본 연구는 제3자(third party)에 의한 조정안 제안 시 객관적이고 합리적인 해를 제공하여 이해당사자들이 합의를 이끌어 내는 데 크게 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2013

In this paper, the simulation model of house price is presented on the basis of pricing mechanism between the demand and the supply of apartments in seoul. The algorithm of house price simulation model for calculating the rate of price over time includes feedback control theory. The feedback control theory consists of stock variable, flow variable, auxiliary variable and constant variable. We suggest that the future price of apartment is simulated using mutual interaction variables which are demand, supply, price and parameters among them. In this paper we considers three items which include the behavior of apartment price index, the size of demand and supply, and the forecasting of the apartment price in the future economic scenarios. The proposed price simulation model could be used in public needs for developing a house price regulation policy using financial and non-financial aids. And the quantitative simulation model is to be applied in practice with more specific real data and Powersim Software modeling tool.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.461-470
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• 2012

English as official languages of the world has constantly increased the necessity. Since 1997 the government has adopted English as a regular subject in elementary school and Currently, an English specialist teacher has been employed, and native speakers have been hired in schools. In addition to, Teaching English in elementary schools was common. The importance of English was emphasized not only private organizations but also government, As the early 2000s, local provinces were interested in English education. To reflect the phenomenon is an English village. Seoul, Gyeonggi province and almost all other municipalities built the English village for each region. The English Experience Center and the English village surveyed how they are being operated and also checked students who have completed English Experience Center Research methods is to survey currently running the English Villages, and the experience centers by analyzing the programs. As a result of the programs, most English centers achieved its own purposes. Thus, This study checks Busan, Seoul, Gyeonggi English Village and Jeollanam-do English experience camp used for data analyzes and suggests improvements for English education.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.143-152
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• 2021

It is very important to learn behavioral policies that allow multiple agents to work together organically for common goals in various real-world applications. In this multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) environment, most existing studies have adopted centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) methods as in effect standard frameworks. However, this multi-agent reinforcement learning method is difficult to effectively cope with in a dynamic environment in which new environmental changes that are not experienced during training time may constantly occur in real life situations. In order to effectively cope with this dynamic environment, this paper proposes a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning system, C-COMA. C-COMA is a continual learning model that assumes actual situations from the beginning and continuously learns the cooperative behavior policies of agents without dividing the training time and execution time of the agents separately. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness and excellence of the proposed model C-COMA by implementing a dynamic mini-game based on Starcraft II, a representative real-time strategy game, and conducting various experiments using this environment.