• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-100
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of directors' leadership style and the type of decision-making on improving child care teachers' job satisfaction which is essential to operate high-quality nursing. The survey method was used for 184 child care teachers who work for child care centers. The collected data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and posteriori test to find out the differences in teachers' job satisfaction according to their recognition of directors' leadership and decision-making. The result showed that differences exist in child care teachers' job satisfaction according to the leadership and decision-making of directors as recognized by the teachers. The score of child care teachers' self-development, work, welfare & social stability related to job satisfaction hit the highest when directors' leadership type was efficiency-centered. Similarly, participatory decision-making type, which is the most ideal type, scored the highest in all sub-components of job satisfaction in the case of directors' type of decision-making. This implies that the directors who prefer positive leadership and democratic participatory decision-making type increase teachers' job satisfaction which will positively affect the child care centers' qualitative development.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.143-177
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• 2011

Upon selecting preferred bidder in Public-Private Partnership projects, multi-dimensional procurement auction, where price factor and non-price factor are evaluated, is used. This paper tries to analyze bidding data in BTO road projects. It is shown that a winner tends to get higher score in bidding evaluation, which is partly due to increase in base score as well as fiercer competition among bidders. It turns out that score margin in non-price factor was determinant in selecting winner. Also, there was no competition when the level of bonus point was set too high. For price factor, it costs 730 million KRW per score in construction subsidy by government, while it costs 2.43 billion KRW per score in toll revenue. For non-price factor, it was estimated to cost 2.30 billion KRW. Based on the results, it was suggested that we should have appropriate level of bonus point for first initiator, change in scoring rule in construction subsidy part, adjustment of base score in evaluation.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2020.10a
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• pp.427-432
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• 2020

딥러닝(Deep-learning) 기반의 자연어 이해(Natural Language Understanding) 기술들은 최근에 상당한 성과를 성취했다. 하지만 딥러닝 기반의 자연어 이해 기술들은 내적인 동작들과 결정에 대한 근거를 설명하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 벡터를 그래프로 변환함으로써 신경망의 내적인 의미 표현들을 설명할 수 있도록 한다. 먼저 인간과 기계 모두가 이해 가능한 표현방법의 하나로 그래프를 주요 표현방법으로 선택하였다. 또한 그래프의 구성요소인 노드(Node) 및 엣지(Edge)의 결정을 위한 Element-Importance Inverse-Semantic-Importance(EI-ISI) 점수와 Element-Element-Correlation(EEC) 점수를 심층신경망의 훈련방법 중 하나인 드랍아웃(Dropout)을 통해 계산하는 방법을 제안한다. 다양한 실험들을 통해, 본 연구에서 제안한 벡터-그래프(Vector2graph) 변환 프레임워크가 성공적으로 벡터의 의미정보를 유지하면서도, 설명 가능한 그래프를 생성함을 보인다. 더불어, 그래프 기반의 새로운 시각화 방법을 소개한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.6B
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• pp.551-563
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• 2011

Water resource projects need an enormous national budget. Therefore, a reasonable and reliable decision making is required for the planning of water resource projects, but decision making has been mostly performed by economic analysis. The objective of this study is to develop a Multi-criteria Decision Making(MCDM) model which can assess the project in various aspects for the selection of preferable alternative and determination of investment priority in water resource projects. In this study, the criteria involves economic feasibility, policies, vulnerability, and sub-items which have weights obtained from the expert survey for the consistent evaluation. We also derived the utility function considering risk trend of each item based on the expert survey. Then, the total score was estimated by weights of each item and utility score of each attribute. The results show that vulnerability is a major contributor for the criteria. This study will contribute to the selection of proper water resource projects considering efficiency of project and fairness for vulnerable area.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.5-14
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• 2019

The typical four conditions related to internal erosion were set from the results of the regular dam safety inspection for 17,500 dams, and a questionnaire survey was conducted for dam safety experts to quantify these four typical current dam conditions with scores between 0 and 10, respectively. In addition, we proposed 'possible score range' for each condition to minimize the decision limits for dam managers to quantify dam conditions while helping to quantify various dam conditions except 4 representative conditions. A case study based on 'quantified score' and 'possible score range' for each condition showed that this method consistently reflects the dangerousness of the dam and provides a reasonable probability of failure. This helps to overcome limitations of dam rating determination by weighted average, and it will help to evaluate dangerous dams as dangerous dams.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.5 s.21
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• pp.143-150
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• 2004

Nowaday, The tendency of complexity and extension of construction fields increase the need for efficient works managements like a construction management. Consequently, by the introduction of Decision-Making Theories, researches for improving construction field's efficiencies are actively performed. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process method is invented, so that describes a decision maker's ambiguous linguistic judgment with fuzzy numbers. but most of researches on Fuzzy-AHP use symmetric triangular fuzzy function for estimating each evaluation item with the consequence that exact judgments are impossible. those limits are caused by the point that employed fuzzy ranking methods can not support dissymmetric fuzzy numbers. In this research, we aims to overcome this problem with R.P.R(Relative Preference Ratio) method and suggest improved Fuzzy-AHP method which can use dissymmetric fuzzy triangular numbers.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.5
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• pp.327-336
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• 2010

This paper proposed software equation that is relation with effort and duration based on function point (FP) software size. Existent software equation based on lines of code (LOC). LOC sees big difference according to development language and there are a lot of difficulties in software size estimation. First, considered method that change LOC to FP. But, this method is not decided definitely conversion ratio between LOC and FP by development language. Also, failed though the conversion ratio motives software formula because was not presented about specification development language. Therefore, we derived software formula directly to large project data that was developed by FP. Firstly, datas that reasonable development period is set among development projects. Secondly, FP through regression analysis about this data and effort, motived relation with FP and duration. Finally, software equation was derived from these relation. Proposed model solves application problems that LOC-based model has and has advantage that application is possible easily in business.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.153-168
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• 2009

Many companies and governments perform information technology (IT) projections repeatedly for higher competitiveness and efficiency. Moreover, as the sizes of IT projects increase, the manpower and cost estimation of the projects are getting more important. In this research, we present a size estimation method of information system development projects on the basis of the function point method at the stage of information strategy planning(ISP), and illustrate the size calculation of an example IT project. According to the method, we first identify the types of projects, the scope and boundaries of size estimation, then count data and transaction functions from the artifacts of the ISP project. The unadjusted function points are adjusted to function point by the table of the Early Function Point. The way of calculating the sizes of IT projects will support successful IT projects by estimating reasonable manpower and cost for the projects.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2021

전자상거래는 긴 역사에도 불구하고, 최근의 기술적 발달과 함께 COVID-19로 촉발된 사회경제적 변화로 인해 다시 한번 급속한 성장과 더불어 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 이러한 과정에서 소상공인들을 비롯한 판매자들은 전자상거래에 참여하여 판매를 하고자 노력하고 있다. 하지만 오프라인 상거래와는 달리, 온라인에서의 판매는 디지털 데이터를 비롯하여 정보통신(IT)에 대한 이해가 수반되어야 용이한 특징을 지닌다. 이에, 본 연구는 판매자를 돕기 위해 개발된 판매 보조 도구가 실제로 온라인에서 판매자들의 실적을 돕는지 알아보고, 이에 따라 전자상거래 플랫폼 운영사는 판매자의 판매를 어떤 방식으로 도와 성공적으로 플랫폼을 운영할뿐만 아니라 사회 전체적인 경제 효익을 증대시킬 수 있는지에 관한 시사점을 주고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 전자상거래에서 판매자에게 의사결정에 도움이 되는 도구들이 제공되어 이를 사용할 경우에 판매액(매출)를 비롯한 다양한 성과 측정 척도에서 유의미한 개선이 이루어지는가를 실증적으로 분석하고자 한다. 엄밀한 분석을 위해 성향점수매칭법과 이중차분법을 활용하여 판매자들의 데이터를 분석할 것이다. 이를 통해 의사결정 지원 시스템이 전자상거래 판매자에게도 유효한지 실증적으로 알아보고, 나아가 전자상거래 플랫폼 운영사에게도 경영 측면에서의 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.184-186
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• 2015

의미역 결정은 주어진 술어와 의존 관계에 있는 여러 논항들과 그 술어간의 의미 관계를 결정하는 것이다. 의미역 결정은 보통 대량의 말뭉치를 이용하여 분류의 관점에서 문제를 해결하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 구문 표지 부착된 말뭉치에 구축한 의미역 표지 부착 말뭉치 10,000 문장을 이용한 자동 의미역 결정 방법을 제안한다. 특히, 한국어는 그 특성상 조사와 어미가 문법 관계뿐만 아니라 의미 관계 설정에도 매우 중요한 역할을 하기 때문에 기존의 의미역 결정 연구에서 미비했던 부분인 조사와 어미 정보를 개선하여 새로운 자질 (features) 로 설계하여 의미역 결정을 시도하였다. 기존의 다른 언어에서의 의미역 결정 연구에서 사용된 자질에 본 논문에서 제시된 접사 정보에 기반한 자질을 추가하게 되면 약 77.9%의 F1 점수를 얻을 수 있었는데, 이는 기존 연구에 비하여 약 10% 포인트 향상된 결과이다.