• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 1987

Infection rate of the blister rust was investigated with special reference to the effect of eight stand factors at 221 plots selected from 131 Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis S. et Z,) stands, and the data were analyzed by multivariated statistical analysis. Environmental factors such as the density of Pedicularis spp., alternate hosts of the Korean pine blister rust, altitude, stand age, aspect, and pruning treatment, from the highest to the lowest were found to be related to the occurrence of the rust disease, Density of Pedicularis spp, was the most closely related to the' infection rate than any other factors, Especially, Pedicularis spp. growing naturally inside the pine stand had an important effect on the infection rate, but those on the outside more than 100m away had little effects, The higher the elevation, the heavier the infection rate. Infection was the heaviest at the altitudes of above 1,000m with high relative humidity and cool temperature. Infection rate was severe in young stands below 10 years old and had a reducing tendency as they mature. Stands above 16 years old were more resistant. The infection rate by the aspect of stand was higher at E- NE and W -SW exposures than at S-SE and N -NW. The infection rate at non-pruning stands was higher than at pruning stands with the lowest branch being at least 60cm high from the ground.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.124-132
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• 2016

In order to estimate the effect of flow distributors connected to an upper nozzle of CMT(Core Makeup Tank) on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics in the tank, a simplified 2 inch Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident(SBLOCA) was simulated by skipping the decay power and Passive Residual Heat Removal System(PRHRS) actuation. The CMT is a part of safety injection systems in the SMART (System Integrated Modular Advanced Reactor). Each test was performed with reliable boundary conditions. It means that the pressure distribution is provided with repeatable and reproducible behavior during SBLOCA simulations. The maximum flow rates were achieved at around 350 seconds after the initial opening of the isolation valve installed in CMT. After a short period of decreased flow rate, it attained a steady injection flow rate after about 1,250 seconds. This unstable injection period of the CMT coolant is due to the condensation of steam injected into the upper part of CMT. The steady injection flow rate was about 8.4% higher with B-type distributor than that with A-type distributor. The gravity injection during hot condition tests were in good agreement with that during cold condition tests except for the early stages.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

Robinow syndrome is skeletal dysplasia with both autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance patterns. It is characterized by short-limbed dwarfism, abnormalities in the head and face, as well as vertebral segmentation. A 2-year-7-month old boy with Robinow syndrome had visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital, for the evaluation of tooth palatal eruption on maxilla. He had micrognathia, delayed tooth eruption, cleft lip with bifid uvula. He also had an erupted mesiodens on the palatal side of maxillary primary incisors, which was tuberculated and 8mm in major diameter. The patient was scheduled for mesiodens extraction under general anesthesia. He was a young child with delayed development, so general anesthesia was inevitable. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with inhalation agent, Sevoflurane. There were no postoperative complications related to anesthesia and dental treatment. Robinow syndrome patients have craniofacial dysmorphism and eruption disorders. Therefore, he requires regular check-ups as well as dental managements.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.60-73
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• 2008

The purpose of Emergency Medical System(EMS) is what a patient returns to society with recovering mental tone in the shortest time as giving prompt and proper medical treatment to patient in emergency situation, and the Correctional Administration(CA) is purposed for the convict to return and settle down to society after release from prison in success as executing schooling, enlightenment activity, vocational training to convict who was quarantined from the society for the term of imprisonment. The EMS and CA will coincide each other which is reverting people to society in safety. This study aims to suggest the developmental program of EMS in correctional facilities through the cause of emergency situation, system, human resources, establishment, medical equipments, state of budget and the point issue for safety of victim who has many chances that is exposed to physical damage and disease because of particularity of lower culture in correctional facilities and the staff who works there. First, in the view of the correctional facility security system, a proper number of the emergency rescuers should be employed. Second, the effective transportation system along with some emergency medical equipment needs to be established. Third, the correctional officers and the prisoners should be learned the first-aid training which is realistic, practical and systematic. Fourth, the cooperative system should be established such as 1339 emergency medical information center in society. Fifth, the Ministry of Health and Welfare must increase EMS budget for correctional facilities.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-24
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• 1992

The application of island biogepgraphy and habitat fragmentation theory to protected area management in Korea is discussed. The accelerating destruction and degradation of natural habitats, with the associated erosion of biodiversity, demands and urgent response and a critical review of attitudes to protected area management. The flora of Korea will continue to change in both distribution and status in response to these man induced changes. The conservation and management of ecosystems, because of the variety of threats and the varying levels of biodiversity to be conserved, requires an integrated approach. Such an approach assesses the variety of threats, prevalent and potential, and responds with a strategy combining habitat, species and population management. The application of island biogeography, habitat fragmentation and edge effects theory to conservation strategies in Korea will assist in the understanding of the dynamic relationships between the isolation. degradation and fragmentation of surviving habitat patches. The application of such approaches is discussed with recommendations made for the adoption of an increasingly scientific approach to plant conservation based upon a knowledge of the conservation status and distribution characteristics of the Korean flora. Such data combined with demographic studies on topics such as Minimum Viable Population Size will allow an integrated approach to plant and habitat conservation to progress.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-38
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• 2012

Located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula, Pyeong-chang and Yeong-wol (Gangwon-do) areas are limestone regions that are important biogeographically showing the peculiar flora. In order to manage efficiently endangered and rare plant species, we have investigated flora of these above regions from March to October, 2010. The result of the investigation showed a total of vascular plants of 1,145 taxa; 134 families, 503 genera, and 1,010 species, 11 subspecies, 110 varieties, 10 forms and four hybrids. Among taxa investigated, endangered species designated by the law called 'Protection Law for Endangered wild fauna and flora' were seven taxa, and 50 taxa were considered to be endemic to Korea. Based on the floristic degrees categorized by the specific distribution of plant species, 24 taxa revealed the floristic degree (FD) V, 30 for FD IV, and 60 for FD III, 45 for FD II and 79 taxa for FD I. The 82 taxa were identified to be naturalized. Of those species investigated in this survey, 53 taxa were identified as specific ones biogeographically as compared to flora of other terrestrial regions; 35 of calcicolous plants, 15 with distribution in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, three with coastal habitats.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

Acrodysostosis is an extremely rare disorder characterized by short fingers and toes with peripheral dysostosis, nasal hypoplasia, and mental retardation. We report a 16-year-old Korean boy with acrodysostosis who had characteristic clinical features and cervical spine stenosis manifested by neurologic symptoms. On presentation, he complained of difficulty in raising his arms, and suffered from intermittent pain and weakness in both upper extremities. He had short stature and dysmorphic facial features, including a broad, depressed nasal bridge, small, upturned nose, bilateral epicanthal folds, and mild hypertelorism. Moderate mental retardation and sensorineural hearing loss in both ears were also present. Radiological findings included broad, short metacarpals and phalanges with cone-shaped epiphyses, bilateral Madelung deformities, hypertrophied first metatarsals, and thickening of the calvarium. Magnetic resonance imaging findings included stenosis of the cervical spine, platybasia with compression into the cervicomedullary junction, and downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils. Here, we report a case of acrodysostosis with symptoms and signs of cervical spinal stenosis first in Korea. If it is diagnosed in the early stages, possible life-threatening complications, including spinal canal stenosis, can be managed properly and permanent neurologic sequelae might be avoided. Therefore, it is important to consider acrodysostosis in the differential diagnosis of peripheral dysostosis.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2009

Ten animal hospitals in Seoul were selected, and of which 41,305 practice in total for recent 1 year were analyzed based on international classification of disease(ICD) of WHO. Of the entire practice, prophylaxis cases accounted for 42.2%. Of the 9,376 cases of internal diseases, digestive system diseases accounted for 4,957 cases(52.9%), respiratory system diseases 1,776 cases(18.9%), circulatory system diseases 1,239 cases(13.2%), and neoplasms diseases 413 cases(4.4%), respectively. In the estate investment expenses, to be specific, rental guarantee deposit accounted for about 50% of the entire estate cost, foregift(48%), and monthly rent(2%). Dividing the income of animal hospitals into medical service, articles selling, and pet-dog beauty, medical service accounted for 71.6% of the entire sales, selling of articles 16.7%, and pet-dog beauty 11.6%. Publicity work for the animal hospital was done mostly through web sites on internet(47%), then through local advertising papers(23.5%), and through bulletins and telemarketing(11.8%). Manpower of the animal hospitals in this study was mostly composed of veterinarians(45.5%) up to about half of the entire staffs, while there was no veterinary technician who had specialized education in that area.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.27-33
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• 2021

CO I gene sequence analysis was applied to earthworms that had been used as test animals in toxicity test in Institute of Kyeongbook Agrochemicals and earthworms used as vermicomposting agents in the farm of Youngdong province to identify their species names. In terms of molecular species, the former was identified as Eisenia fetida and the latter was Eisenia andrei. Cocoons produced from Eisenia fetida was more than those from Eisenia andrei. And No. of adults developed from eggs of Eisenia fetida was more or less higher than those developed from eggs of Eisenia andrei. These results were contradictory to previous reports on two Eisenia spp.. When Eisenia fetida was crossed with Eisenia andrei, hybridized eggs were produced and adults were developed from those eggs, but cocoons and adults were much less than those from non-crossed Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. This indicated that two Eisenia spp. were not distinctly different biological species because there was no complete 'reproductive isolation' between Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei. However, this also meant that Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei had already been on the tract of speciation.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.77-93
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the lifestyle changes in patients with COVID-19 and their effects on health and the quality of life. Methods : A mixed study method was used for 15 confirmed cases admitted to residential treatment centers in September 2020. The YLP was used to evaluate the lifestyle patterns, and the Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF, MSBS-8, ISI-K, and PHQ-9 were used to analyze health and quality of life before and after COVID-19. The results obtained through in-depth interviews were analyzed using Colaizzi's thematic analysis. Results : YLP (p<.01), WHOQOL-BREF (p<.01), MSBS-8 (p<.01), and ISI-K (p=.05) showed statistically significant differences between the assessment outcomes before and after COVID-19. In addition, 179 meaningful statements, 14 sub-themes, 11 themes, and 3 categories were elicited. The final 3 categories are the emotions of the confirmed cases, the experiences in residential treatment centers and the needs from the perspective of the confirmed cases. Conclusion : There are negative effects on lifestyle, health, and quality of life on confirmed cases. In response, the confirmed cases requested several activities and counseling. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a program to improve the lifestyle, quality of life, and health of asymptomatic cases and cases with mild symptoms.