• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2021

During the latter part of Joseon Dynasty, Local Confucian School(Geochanghyanggyo) had served as a government school and left many official documents on the educational construction. The construction of Local Confucian School(Geochanghyanggyo), which was recorded in official documents, was diverse, and most of them were reconstructed. Construction-works recorded in an official document was drafted in two ways. One was in the same format as the accounting records and the other was written in the diary format by date. The construction cost was mainly financed by selling the land owned. Of course, with the help of the government, they could receive some of the essential timber and expenses for the construction. The management and maintenance of educational construction was entrusted by a manager called 'Chaji(次知)'. Then there were employees called 'Jeonjik(殿直)' and 'Gojik(庫直)' and they were paid for their work.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1 s.43
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• pp.39-48
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• 2006

U-Pb ages were determined from the granitic rocks from central and northeastern parts of Yeongnam massif. Porphyritic granite of Seosang-myeon, Hamyang-gun near the boundary with Anui-myeon shows age of $225.4{\pm}4.1Ma$. Foliated granodiorites of Anui-myeon, Hamyang-gun and Sinwon-myeon, Geochang-gun are $195.6{\pm}1.8Ma$ and $194.2{\pm}2.4Ma$ old respectively. Granites from Hari-myeon and Buksang-myeon of Geochang-gun show almost identical ages of $198.4{\pm}2.5Ma$ and $194.6{\pm}2.6Ma$ respectively, while foliated granodiorite of Yeongju shows an age ot $171.3{\pm}2.3Ma$. Combining with previously reported results, Triassic granitoids were emplaced almost identically at ca. 225 Ma throughout the areas of Hamyang and Sangju oi Yeongnam massif and Baengnok, Jeomchon and Goesan of Okcheon metamorphic belt. There were significant gap of non-magmatism before the resume of granitic activities over the large areas of Hamyang-gun, Geochang-gun, Gimcheon-si and Seongju-gun from Triassic-Jurassic boundary to early Jurassic, 200-194 Ma. Igneous activity within the Yeongnam massif of this period has not been reported from the Okcheon belt or Gyeonggi massif and may reflect distinct tectonic environment. Around 170 Ma, when Yeongju granodiorite was emplaced, there were active granitic magamtism throughout the Yeongnam massif, Okcheon belt and also Gyeonggi massif.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 1994

An epidemiological study fur the Intestinal trematode infection of the villagers was done In Koje-myon, Kochang-gun, Kyongsangnam-do, Korea in March, 1994. Of 116 stool specimens examined, total helmlnthic ova positive cases were 13 (11.2%) and cumulative ova positive cases 21 (18.1%): Echinostoma hortense 11 cases (9.5%), Metngonimus sp. 6 cases (5.2%), and Clonorchis sinensis 4 cases (3.4%). After the treatment and purgation, variable numbers of E. hokene, 6 to 227 per person, were collected from 7 echlnostome egg Positive cases, together with M. tokohoshii In 6 cases. Three adult flukes of E. cinetorchis were collected from one person and one Stellantchasmw jnlcatus was recovered from another case. This mountainous village was proved to be one of the endemic foci of echlnostomlasis In Korea.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1998

Pocheon, Keochang and Sangju granite samples of different granularity and mineralogical composition were thermally treated at pre-determined temperature of $600^{\circ}C$. Thermally-induced microcracks were characterized using an optical microscopy and their effects on the deformation behavior of thermally cycled samples were studied performing compressive mechanical tests. Optical observations shows that by $600^{\circ}C$ nearlly all crystal boundaries open and the new intracrystalline cracks form in the more grains. The intracrystalline cracks are most pronounced at thermally treated Pocheon and Keochang granite samples. Results from mechanical tests represents negative lateral strains, which give negative Poisson's ratios. It is the most probable that negative lateral strains are produced by residual stresses induced during cooling.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of cultivating tea plants planted in the mountain area of west Gyeongnam province, Korea for 2 years from March 27th, 2001 to July 30th 2003. Ninety each plants collected from 5 different sife were cultivated in nursery cup pot$(\phi\;16cm)$. in the greenhouse condition and transplanted in 5 different location and monitored their survival growing state etc. The results obtained are as follow : 1. Survival rate tea plants after transfer to soil was relatively high Gaya-myeon Hanyang-gun with $90.0\%$ and the lowest in Buksang-meyon Geochang-gun with $80.0\%$. The tea plant collected from Gaya-myeon showed the best growing activity at early stage. 2. For the second year of harvesting time, survival rate was the highest in Machun-myeon Hamyang-gun with $92.2\%$ and the lowest was Buksang-myeon Geochang-gun with $76.7\%$. 3. For the 3rd year of harvesting time, it was impossible to data collection because of the most upper parts of plants were killed by severe freezing weather condition. In the Baekjeon-myeon, Hamyang-gun Buksang-myeon, Ungyang-myeon Geochang-gun, which are severly cold$(below\;-10^{\circ}C)$ in winter season, seems not a suitable places for tea plant cultivation since it is very different to harvest the young loaves in growing season. In conclnsion we could select two sites Gaya-myeon, Hapcheon-gun, Machun-myeon, Hamyang-gun, as tea plant cultivation in the mountain area of west-Gyeongnam province, korea.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.56
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• pp.93-146
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• 2000

Categories of pottery found in southern west parts of Korea are such as, Mounted Cup, Jar, Long necked jar, Pottry stands, Cups with handle and the like. It is believed to date from mid-5c that distinctive production of pottery and its distribution by whi

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.167-180
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• 2010

The geochemical studies on the plutonic rocks of the Geochang, the central part of the Ryongnam massif, were carried out in order to constrain the petrogenesis and the paleotectonic environment. The objects of this study are dioritic rocks, biotite granite and hornblende granite. The modal compositions indicate that the dioritic rocks are quartz diorite, quartz monzodiorite, tonalite, biotite granites are granodiorite, granite and hornblende granites are granite, quartz monzonite, quartz syenite. These rocks belong to the calc-alkaline series. Especially, trace elements such as Sr, Nb, Sr, Ti are depleted, suggesting that these rocks are produced in the subduction zone related to calc-alkaline series. Also, the studied granitic rocks correspond to peraluminous and I-type. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns show that LREE are enriched much more than HREE, and have weak Eu(-) anomaly. It is similar to pattern of Jurassic granitoids in the South Korea. Total REE value of the biotite granite and hornblende granite ranges 76.21~137.05 ppm and 73.84~483.21 ppm, respectively, also $(La/Lu)_{CN}$ value ranges 9.61~36.47 and 7.17~21.85. It is suggest that studied rocks suppor their emplacement at active continental margin. Also, these rocks are derived from magma generated by partial melting of lower continental crust materials.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-22
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• 2011

With the accumulations of outcomes from archaeological excavations of mountain fortress of three kingdoms period, there have been studies about time-periodic territory range of mountain fortress, difference in the way(method) of construction, defence system and so on from various points of view. This is an empirical study on the construction method of the valley part of stone fortress. First of all, it is required to secure large quantity of fresh water for those who lived at mountain fortress. Especially when builders of fortress construct a fortification at the valley part of stone fortress, in advance they must sufficiently consider several options including the establishment of sustainable water resources. First, when it comes to build a fortification on a ridge[or a slope] of a mountain, you have only to consider a vertical stress. However, when it comes to build a fortification at the valley part of a mountain, You must have more sufficient preparations for the constructing process. Because there are not only a vertical stress but also a horizontal pressure simultaneously. Second, a fortification of mountain fortress built by using unit building stone is a structure of masonry construction like brick construction, and the valley part of it is where the construction of the fortification begins. Third, when it comes to build a fortification at the valley part of a mountain, it seems that they use a temporary method such as coffer dam in oder to prevent the collapse of the fortification due to heavy rain. Furthermore, in response to a horizontal pressure a fortification is built by the way of its plane make an arch, or by piling up the soil with the plate method(類似版築) and earthen wall harder method(敷葉) they increase cross-sectional area of the fortification and its cutoff capacity. In front direction they put the reservoir facility for the fear that the hydraulic pressure and earth pressure are directly transmitted to the fortification. The process of constructing the fortification at the valley part of a mountain is done in the same oder as follows; leveling of ground(整地) ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of coffer dam ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification between the both banks of the valley ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification at bottom part of spill way(餘水路) between the both banks of the valley ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of spill way(餘水路) & reservoir facility ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification at upper part of spill way between the both banks of the valley. Coffer dam facility seems to be not only the protection device on occasion of flood but also an important criterion to measure the proper height of spill way or tailrace(放水路). This study has a meaningful significance in that it empirically examines the method of reduction of the horizontal pressure which the fortification at the valley part of a mountain takes, the date the construction was done, and wether the changes in climate such as heavy rainfall influence the process of construction.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.39 no.1 s.176
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

This paper attempts to locate and define a quartzite deposit in Geochang, Kyongsangnam Province in order to establish its commercial viability. The quartzite deposit (Poongwon Mine) occurs as lens or boudinage at the contact between mica schist of the Deogyusan formation and granite gneiss. During Precambrian, regional metamorphism and granitization may have caused the formation ot quartzite layers through recrystallization and rearrangement of silica components derived from older sedimentary rocks, probably chert and/or sandstone. The deposit is composed of fine-grained milky, or light yellowish quartz showing weak laminations with fairly dense and rough appearance in outcrop. It reaches about $60\;m(height)\times140\;m(length)\times35m(width)$ with attitude of $N57^{\circ}E-N8^{\circ}4E\;and\;51^{\circ}-60^{\circ}NW$. The average grade of the quartzite samples is $SiO_2=94.4\;wt\%,\;A1_2O_3=3.3\;wt\%,\; Fe_2O_3=0.8\;wt\%,\;K_2O=0.7\;wt\%$, which can be used for foundry, constructional materials, or concrete making. The proved reserve was estimated as 200,811 tonnage.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1094-1097
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• 2007

낙동강 유역의 가용한 최장기 수량 및 수질자료를 획득하여 자료의 적합성 및 QC과정을 통하여 분석 가능한 자료를 생산하고 자료의 분석에 적합한 통계기법을 선정 각 변수의 변동특성과 변동 상관성을 정밀 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 수질자료의 변동특성을 분석하고 수질개선 필요성을 파악하기 위하여 Mann-Kendall 검정을 사용하여 수질변화의 경향성을 분석하였다. 낙동강 수계의 수질변화 특성을 분석하기 위하여 수온$(^{\circ}C)$, $DO(mg/{\ell}),\;BOD(mg/{\ell}),\;COD(mg/{\ell}),\;SS(mg/{\ell}),\;TN(mg/{\ell}),\;TP(mg/{\ell})$ 이상 7가지의 가용자료를 선택하였다. 수질자료는 환경부에서 운영하는 물 환경 정보 시스템의 수질측정망 자료인 월 단위 자료를 대상으로 Mann-Kendall 검정을 수행하였다. 분석에 사용된 자료 기간은 강우량자료와 유출량자료의 동기간인 1989년${\sim}$2000년까지이다. BOD의 변화를 살펴보면 전반적으로 감소하는 것을 알 수 있다. 가장 큰 감소 경향을 보인 지점은 금호강6 지점으로 $-39.1mg/{\ell}/20yr$로 나타났다. 증가지점으로는 안동과, 구미, 달성, 반변천 등이고 증가량은 약 $1.1mg/{\ell}{\sim}0.03mg/{\ell}/20yr$ 정도이다. COD의 변화를 살펴보면 대부분 지점에서 증가하는 것을 알 수 있다. 감소하는 지역은 고령과 현동, 대암, 금호강3${\sim}$6등이다. 특이사항은 금호강6의 감소분이 $-30.2mg/{\ell}$로 타 지점에 비해 상당히 크다는 것이다. DO의 경우는 증가지점과 감소지점의 수가 비슷하였고 주로 상류쪽이 감소하고 하류로 오면서 증가함을 알 수 있다. DO 또한 금호강6 지점이 가장 큰 폭으로 증가하고 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. pH는 함양위천과 덕천강1을 제외한 모든 지역이 증가 하였다. SS 또한 금호강5, 6, 거창 위천2를 제외한 모든 지역에서 증가하였다. SS항목도 금호강6 지점이 가장 큰 폭으로 감소하였다. 샘플지점(금호강6)의 BOD/COD/DO/pH/SS/TEMP/TN/TP 시계열을 통해 자료분석기간 동안 수처리시설 등의 확장으로 인한 금호강유역의 급격한 수질개선을 알 수 있다.