• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-32
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• 2024

The emissions trading system stands as a pivotal climate policy in Korea, incentivizing abatement equivalent to 87% of total emissions (as of 2021). As the system likely has a far-reaching impact, it is crucial to understand how the real economic activity, energy sector, as well as environment would be influenced by its implementation. Employing a macroeconometric model, this paper is the first study analyzing the effects of the Korean emissions trading policy. It interconnects the Korean Standard Industrial Classification (Economy), Energy Balance (Energy), and National Inventory Report (Environment), enhancing its real-world explanatory power. We find that a 50% increase in emission permit price over four years results in a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions (-0.043%) and downward shifts in key macroeconomic variables, including real GDP (-0.058%), private consumption (-0.003%), and investment (-0.301%). The price increase in emission permit is deemed crucial for achieving greenhouse gas reduction targets. To mitigate transition risk associated with price shocks, revenue recycling using auction could ensure the sustainability of the economy. This study confirms the comparative advantage of expanded current transfers expenditure over corporate tax reduction, particularly from an economic growth perspective.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.124-124
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• 2017

수자원 및 수도 시설과 같은 사회간접자본은 경제개발 초기 단계에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 수행하여 왔다. 우리나라의 경제성장 과정에서 수자원 개발은 "한강의 기적"으로 불리며 한국 경제발전의 중요한 원동력 가운데 하나로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 수자원개발의 경제적 효과를 정량적으로 분석하기 위하여 거시경제모형을 구축하고 실증분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 1977-2014년 동안의 수자원 부문에 대한 자본 스톡을 추정하고 이를 바탕으로 경제성장과의 인과관계를 검정한다. 추정결과, 수자원 투자는 경제성장(GDP)으로의 단방향의 인과성이 존재함을 확인(1%유의 수준)하였다. 외생적 충격으로 수자원 투자가 감소하는 경우 국내 소득(GDP)에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. 우리나라의 성공적인 수자원 개발과 경제 발전 경험은 많은 개도국에게 시사점을 제공할 것이다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.171-205
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• 2014

This paper investigates the manner in which house prices affect macroeconomic variables through a house price channel by applying the method of Iacoviello (2005) to Korean data, and establishing a DSGE model with complementarity. This paper found that higher LTV ratio coupled with stronger complementarity results in the co-movement in both consumption and housing. For instance, the results show that when the LTV ratio and complementarity stands respectively at 50% and 0.42, an 1% rise in house prices increases consumption by 0.057%, and when the complementarity parameter increases to 0.52 with LTV remains unchanged at 50%, consumption rises by 0.047% per 1% increase in house prices. An increase in house prices leads credit constraints for borrowers to become more loose as value of a house rises as a collateral. The increase in household credit enables more consumer spending, eventually leading to increased consumption. A key link in which house prices are connected to macroeconomic variables is change in consumption. To put it simply, a rise in house prices leads to an increase in consumption, which consequently impacts the overall macro-economy. At this point, complementarity is found, in that the elasticity of intra-temporal substitution between housing and consumption is estimated at 0.42, which plays an important role in the house price channel by amplifying the effects of house prices on consumption.

• 사회경제평론
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• no.38
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• pp.163-198
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• 2012

This analysis suggests a post Keynesian macro-dynamic model that integrates a financial variable, firm's debt, into the post Keynesian model of growth and distribution. On the basis of it, this study analyzes the effects of government financial expenditure on capital accumulation empirically. It also studies empirically whether a regime shift has arisen since Asian financial crisis in 1997. This paper shows that government financial expenditure has exerted an positive effect on capital accumulation. This empirical result supports government intervention in financial market in recurrence of financial crises. This study also finds grounds for a change in accumulation regime since Asian financial crisis in 1997.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1093-1102
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• 2012

In this paper, we predicted the interest spread using the VAR (vector autoregressive) model. Variables used in the VAR model were selected among 56 domestic and foreign macroeconomic time series through crosscorrelation and Granger causality test. The performance of the VAR model was compared with the univariate time series model, AR (autoregressive) model, in view of MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) and RMSE (root mean square error) of forecasts for the last twelve months.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.63-94
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• 2013

This study aims to understand the long-run movement of volatility in Korean stock market by decomposing stock volatility into the long-lived and the short-lived components. In addition, I analyze how the low-frequency movement of stock market volatility is related to changes in macroeconomic conditions. The volatility decomposition is made based on the GARCH-MIDAS model, in which the long-lived volatility is constructed based on the combination of realized volatilities (RVs). The results show that the long-lived volatility contains information of up to 3~4 years of past RVs. In addition, the changes in the long-lived volatility can explain about two thirds of volatility changes in the Korean stock market from 1994 to 2009. Meanwhile, the low-frequency movement in the market volatility can be related to changes in macroeconomic conditions. The analysis shows that the stock market volatility appears to be countercyclical while showing a positive correlation with the inflation. In addition, the stock market volatility tends to rise as macroeconomic uncertainty increases. These results imply that macroeconomic policies aiming at economic stabilization could contribute to reduction in the stock market volatility.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-59
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• 2021

This study reviews theoretical considerations and past studies about real estate prices, macroeconomic variables, and real estate policies. Monthly data from January 2003 to June 2021 are used, and a VEC model, the most widely used multivariate time series analysis method, is employed for analysis. Through the model, the effects of macroeconomic variables and real estate regulatory policies on real estate prices in Seoul are analyzed. Findings are summarized as follows. First, macroeconomic variables such as money supply and interest rates do not have a significant impact on Seoul's apartment prices. Due to the high demand for housing and insufficient supply, there is a demand for buying a home regardless of macroeconomic booms or recessions. Second, tax and financial regulatory policies have an initial impact on the rise in apartment prices in Seoul, and their influence diminishes over time. Third, anti-speculation zones are expected to decrease apartment prices through the suppression of demand. However, these zones cause a rise in apartment prices. This could be understood as a lock-in effect due to the strengthening of capital gains tax. Fourth, the price ceiling did not decrease apartment prices. These findings propose that, in Seoul, where demand is high and supply is insufficient, the supply of high-quality and sufficient housing should be prioritized over various regulations such as tax regulations, financial regulations, anti-speculation zones, and price caps. Moreover, the findings provide an implication that city-specific real estate policies should be implemented for Seoul rather than regulation-oriented approaches in public policy.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1996

석유, 석탄 및 천연가스와 같은 일차화석연료(一次化石燃料)와 그 제품(製品)들의 사용에 따르는 이산화탄소배출량을 줄이는 방법의 하나로 거론되고 있는 탄소세와 에너지세의 부과가 2000년도 한국경제의 수출입(輸出入)에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 계산가능한 일반균형모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 거시계량모형(巨視計量模型)에 의하여 예측된 2000년도 한국경제의 국내총생산(國內總生産)과 계산가능한 일반균형모형(一般均衡模型)의 이론적(理論的) 구조(構造)를 이용하여 2000년도 한국경제의 미시구조(微視購造)를 결정한 후 이로부터 계산된 이산화탄소배출량을 5%와 10% 줄이는 탄소세와 에너지세를 부과하였을 때의 경제적 효과를 계산하였다. 화석연료에 부과되는 탄소세와 에너지세는 수출입구조에 유사한 효과를 가져오는 것으로 평가되나 산업별로 약간의 차이를 가져오는 것으로 계산되었으며 이산화탄소감축율이 증가함에 띠라 국내총생산변화와 동등변동(同等變動)으로 측정된 경제적 비용이 점증하는 것으로 평가되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.162-162
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• 1996

70년대 두 차례의 유류파동은 에너지자원의 중요성에 대한 기존의 인식을 급속도로 변화시켰으며, 이와 아울러 신대체에너지를 중심으로 한 신기술의 개발여부와 관련하여 에너지 기술평가모형의 수요를 급증시켰다. 이에 지난 십여년간 구미제국을 중심으로 다양한 에너지신기술을 평가하기 위해 다양한 분석기법들이 개발되어 왔으며 이러한 평가기법들을 총괄적으로 지칭하는 에너지기술평가모형(Energy Technology Assessment Models)은 에너지신기술의 경제적, 기술적 특성과 에너지시스템내에서 신기술의 잠재적 역할을 사전 평가하면서 국가적 차원에서의 에너지연구개발 정책을 수립하는데 널리 이용되어 왔다. 본 연구는 국내 에너지 연구개발 관련자들의 이해부족과 데이터베이스의 미비 등 여러 가지 제약요인들로 에너지기술 평가모형이 널리 실용화되지 못하고 있는 현실을 감안하여 경제/에너지/환경/기술개발정책에 있어서의 에너지부문의 역할을 장기적으로 재평가하고 특히 기존 에너지문제의 제약요인인 환경문제 해결을 위한 에너지 수요관리 평가의 개발 필요성에 부응하기 위하여 기존의 거시 경제적 에너지공급모형과 최근 미국, EU등에서 발전시켜 나가고 있는 경제/에너지/환경/기술개발의 통합모형을 문헌조사를 통해 비교,분석하였다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the macroeconomic variables that affect housing prices thus creating a large impact on people's lives as well as the real estate market. For the study, the macroeconomic variables able to influence the House Rental Price (housing price by lease or deposit) were used for an analysis as follows: housing sales price index, household loans rate, total household savings, the number of employees and a multiple regression analysis was performed using a time series for each macroeconomic variable. As a result of the analysis, the House Rental Price was affected by all of four macroeconomic variables. The House Rental Price increased as each variable enlarged. In conclusion, this study may be useful for finding a solution for stabilizing the House Rental Price as well as for the establishment of efficient and sustainable policies for the housing market.