• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.5-32
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• 2020

This study analyzes the political dynamics of the election law reform in December 2019, from a perspective of the veto player theory combined with the partisan theory. Three features are revealed in the reform process of the electoral system. First, the number of cooperative veto players was higher than that of competitive veto players, that provided a favorable condition for policy changes. Second, concerning the ideological distance between veto-players (congruence) the possibility of policy change was evaluated as quite small. Especially in the fourth to fifth periods, the congruence between the cooperative veto players and competitive veto players was extremely weak. Third, the internal coherence of cooperative veto players was relatively weak, while the internal coherence of competitive veto players was relatively strong. That acted as a limiting factor in policy changes. In other words, there was a high possibility of policy changes in the number of cooperative veto players, but the possibility of policy change was relatively restricted in the congruence between veto players and the cohesion of veto players. That explains the limited nature of the election law reform.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.105-138
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• 2017

This is case comments of several representative legal cases regarding self- determination right of patient. In a case in which an intoxicated patient attempted suicide refusing treatment, the Supreme Court ruled that the medical team's respect for the patient's decision was an act of malpractice, and that in particular medical situations (medical emergencies) the physician's duty to preserve life supersedes the patient's rights to autonomy. Afterwards, at the request of the patient's family, and considering the patient's condition (irrecoverable death stage, etc.) consistent with a persistent vegetative state, the Supreme Court deduced the patient's intention and decide to withdraw life-sustaining treatment. More recently, regarding patients who refuse blood transfusions or other necessary treatment due to religious beliefs, the Supreme Court established a standard of judgment that can be seen as conferring equal value to the physician's duty to respect patient autonomy and to preserve life. An empirical study of legal precedent with regard to cases in which the physician's duty to preserve life conflicts with the patient's autonomy, grounded in respect for human dignity, can reveal how the Court's perspective has reflected the role of the patient as a decision-making subject and ways of respecting autonomy in Korean society, and how the Court's stance has changed alongside changing societal beliefs. The Court has shifted from judging the right to life as the foremost value and prioritizing this over the patient's autonomy, to beginning to at least consider the patient's formally stated or deducible wishes when withholding or withdrawing treatment, and to considering exercises of self determination right based on religious belief or certain other justifications with informed refusal. This will have a substantial impact on medical community going forward, and provide implicit and explicit guidance for physicians who are practicing medicine within this environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.93-98
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 영상 내 존재하는 의미 있는 객체단위로 초상권을 보호하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 초상권 보호 객체선택 단계와 객체에 마스크를 적용하는 단계 그리고 마스크가 적용된 객체를 추적하는 단계로 나누어진다. 초상권 보호 객체선택 단계에서는 블록분류(block classification) 및 워터쉐드(watershed) 알고리듬을 이용하여 분할된 결과영상을 얻고 이를 이용하여 사용자가 원하는 객체를 마우스로 클릭함으로써 손쉽게 초상권 보호법을 적용시킬 객체를 추출할 수 있다. 이렇게 정의된 객체는 다음 단계에서 마스크를 적용 받게 된다. 첫 번째 프레임에서 마스크가 적용되면 다음 프레임부터는 객체추적과정에서 연된 화면사이의 움직임 및 밝기정보에 의해 객체를 추적, 계속 마스크를 적용함으로써 초상권을 보호할 수 있다. 제안된 알고리듬은 초상권 보호를 위한 모자이크 처리 시 화질 저하에 따른 시청자의 화면 거부감을 최소화시키고, 반자동영상분할 알고리듬을 사용하여 객체 단위로 초상권 마스크를 적용하여 초상권 보호대상물을 놓치지 않고 추적할 수 있어 신뢰도를 높일 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2018.07a
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• pp.95-96
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 신체기관에 대한 거부감을 귀여운 스프라이트를 사용하여 거부감을 완화 시키고 플랫폼을 모바일로 사용해 언제 어디서나 쉽게 플레이 할 수 있는 게임을 개발한다. 신체 감염을 소재로 한 제안 게임은 신체를 보호하는 위주의 게임에 반대적인 신체를 감염시키는 흥미로운 느끼게 하는 게임으로 신체기관이 대해 거부감을 느낄 수 있는 요소를 귀엽고 심플한 리소스를 사용하여 거부감을 덜게 하였고 플랫폼을 모바일로 하여 장소에 상관없이 간단한 조작으로 플레이 할 수 있는 장점을 가진다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.569-593
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of rejection sensitivity in pathological narcissism and dating violence, and to verify whether there is a gender difference in each variable, further examining the gender difference in the mediating pathways. The participants of this study were 381 men and women in 20s living across the country, and online self-report surveys was conducted regarding their experiences of pathological narcissism, rejection sensitivity, and four types of dating violence. As a result of verifying gender differences, it was found that women had a higher vulnerability to narcissism, rejection sensitivity and committed more psychological violence, sexual violence, and controlling behavior than men. As a result of the mediation analysis, it was found that rejection sensitivity partial mediated the effect of pathological narcissism on psychological violence and control behavior, but it showed a complete mediation effect on sexual violence. And there was no mediating effect of rejection sensitivity between pathological narcissism and physical violence. As a result of measuring the moderating effect of gender in this mediating pathways, the moderated mediating effect of gender was verified in the effect of naricissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability on control behavior through rejection sensitivity. These results show that pathological narcissism promotes psychological and sexual violence in both men and women, and rejection sensitivity acts as a mediator in this process. In addition, the effect of pathological narcissism on the control behaviors through rejection sensitivity was significantly higher in women than in men, indicating that there are gender differences in the mediated pathways. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for follow-up studies were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.215-238
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of mothers' rejective parenting, emotional expressivity, children's emotional regulation strategy on their social withdrawal. Participants were 223 children(121 boys, 102 girls; recruited from classes with 4-5 year olds), their mothers and 20 child care teachers. The teachers completed rating scales to measure the children's social withdrawal and emotional regulation strategies. Mothers reported their rejective parenting along with emotional expressivity. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's productive correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that mothers' rejective parenting, children's venting/support seeking strategy and avoidance/non-responsive strategy had positive relation to, whereas mother's positive expressivity were negatively related to their social withdrawal. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of mother's rejective parenting and positive expressivity predicted children's social withdrawal. Mother's rejective parenting was associated with children's social withdrawal, especially for children with the lowest level of mother's positive expressivity. In addition, the association between mother's rejective parenting and children's social withdrawal were partially mediated by their venting/support seeking strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.727-729
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• 2004

최근 정보 보안의 문제를 해결하기 위하여 생체 정보를 이용하여 사용자 인증 및 인식을 하는 기술들이 개발되고 있다 생체 정보를 이용하는 인증 및 인식 기술은 생체 정보를 가지고 사람을 구별하는 기술을 말하며 신뢰성과 편리성에 있어서 기존의 다른 보안 시스템의 한계점을 보완해 줄 것이다. 현재 연구되고 있는 얼굴 인식 기술은 생체인식 중에서 이용자들에게 가장 거부감이 적은 기술이다. 얼굴인식의 장점은 다른 생체인식 기술이 사용자로 하여금 일정한 동작을 취하도록 요구하는 것과 달리 비접촉으로 자연스럽게 확인 할 수 있는 것이며, 사용자는 자신이 현재 검사 당하고 있다는 사실을 인지하지 못하는 상태에서 수행되므로 거부감이 적다.

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.2 s.199
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• pp.43-46
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• 2007

도시가스사업법이 지난 1월 3일자로 일부 개정, 공포되었다. 이번 도시가스사업법 개정에는 일반도시가스가 공급되고 있는 지역에 난방방식을‘집단에너지사업법’에 따른 지역난방으로 채택할 경우 취사용 도시가스 공급을 거부하거나 지역난방 열원의 사용연료인 도시가스 공급을 거부하는 사례가 빈번함에 따라 난방방식에 대한 소비자 선택권을 보호하고 안정적인 에너지 공급을 위해 일반도시가스사업자에게 가스공급의무를 부과하도록 하는 한편 그 밖에 현행 제도의 운영상 나타난 일부 미비점을 개선, 보완한 것이다. 이 법은 공포 후 3개월이 경과한 날(2007. 4.3)부터 시행하고, 다만 제21조제1항 및 제54조제1항제7호의 2의 개정규정은 이 법 공포 후 1년이 경과한 날(2008. 1.3)부터 시행한다

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.3 s.200
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• pp.86-87
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• 2007

도시가스사업법이 지난 1월 3일자로 일부 개정, 공포되었다. 이번 도시가스사업법 개정에는 일반도시가스가 공급되고 있는 지역에 난방방식을‘집단에너지사업법’에 따른 지역난방으로 채택할 경우 취사용 도시가스 공급을 거부하거나 지역난방 열원의 사용연료인 도시가스공급을 거부하는 사례가 빈번함에 따라 난방방식에 대한 소비자 선택권을 보호하고 안정적인 에너지 공급을 위해 일반도시가스사업자에게 가스공급 의무를 부과토록 하는 한편 그 밖에 현행 제도의 운영상 나타난 일부 미비점을 개선, 보완한 것이다. 이 법은 공포 후 3개월이 경과한 날(2007. 4. 3)부터 시행하고, 다만 제21조제1항 및 제54조제1항제7호의 2의 개정규정은 이 법 공포 후 1년이 경과한 날(2008. 1. 3)부터 시행한다.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-80
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• 2022

By analyzing informed consent and the refusal of emergency medical treatment (called patient dumping) under the current Emergency Medical Service Act, this study suggests that an emergency medical professional is only liable for patient dumping if their duty to protect the patient's life takes precedence over the patient's right to self-determination. In emergency medical situations, as in general medical situations, medical treatment should be performed after the emergency medical professional informs the patient about the medical treatment, including its necessity and methods, and obtains consent from the patient. Refusing or evading the performance of emergency medical services on the excuse of the informed consent not considering a waiver or alteration of informed consent requirements without reasonable reasons violates the Emergency Medical Service Act and thus makes an emergency medical professional liable to administrative disposition or criminal penalty. In other words, depending on the existence of a waiver of alteration of the informed consent, patient dumping may be established. If the patient is a minor or has no decision-making ability, and their legal representative makes a decision against the patient's medical interests, the opinion of the legal representative is not unconditionally respected. A minor also has the right to decide over their body, and the decisions of their legal representatives should be in the patient's best interests. If the patient refuses treatment, in principle, the obligation of life protection of emergency medical professionals is the top priority. However, making these decisions in the aforementioned situations in the emergency medical field is difficult because of the absence of explicit regulations regarding these exceptional problems. This study aims to organize the following precedents of the Supreme Court of Korea. The court states that, when balancing the conflicting interests between the duty to provide emergency medical service and the duty to inform is unavoidable for emergency medical professionals, they should put the duty to protect the patient's life ahead of the duty to inform if the patient's life matters. Exceptionally, when a patient has seriously considered whether they should receive treatment before the emergency medical situation, their right to self-determination can be considered equal to the obligation of emergency medical professionals to provide emergency medical treatment. This research also suggests that an amendment of the Emergency Medical Service Act should include the following. First, the criteria for determining the decision-making ability of emergency patients should consist of medical content. Second, additional consent from a medical professional is unnecessary for first-aid treatment. Finally, new provisions for emergency medical obligations for minors, new provisions for the decision standard when there are conflicting opinions about the treatment of a patient, and new penalty provisions for professionals who suspend emergency medical examinations and treatments need to be established.