• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.495-505
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• 2006

In order to classify aerosol type, Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) and Fine mode Fraction (FF), which is the optical thickness ratio of small particles$(<1{\mu}m)$ to total particles, data from MODIS (MODerate Imaging Spectraradiometer) aerosol products were analyzed over North-East Asia during one year period of 2005. A study area was in the ocean region of $20^{\circ}N\sim50^{\circ}N$ and $110^{\circ}E\simt50^{\circ}E$. Three main atmospheric aerosols such as dust, sea-salt, and pollution can be classified by using the relationship between AOT and FF. Dust aerosol has frequently observed over the study area with relatively high aerosol loading (AOT>0.3) of large particles (FF<0.65) and its contribution to total AOT in spring was up to 24.0%. Pollution aerosol, which is originated from anthropogenic sources as well as a natural process like biomass burning, has observed in the regime of high FF (>0.65) with wide AOT variation. Average pollution AOT was $0.31{\pm}0.05$ and its contribution to total AOT was 79.8% in summer. Characteristic of sea-salt aerosol was identified with low AOT (<0.3), almost below 0.1, and slightly higher FF than dust and lower FF than pollution. Seasonal analysis results show that maximum AOT $(0.33{\pm}0.11)$ with FF $(0.66{\pm}0.21)$ in spring and minimum AOT $(0.19{\pm}0.05)$, FF $(0.60{\pm}0.14)$ in fall were observed in the study area. Spatial characteristic was that AOT increasing trend is observed as closing to the eastern part of China due to transport of aerosols from China by the prevailing westerlies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.174-182
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• 2018

Given the ongoing debate in many aspects of finance, more attention may need to focus on corporate R&D expenditures. This study empirically tests financial determinants of R&D expenditures for NYSE-listed and KOSPI-listed firms. Three major hypotheses were postulated to test for corporate R&D outlay. First, proposed variables such as one-year lagged R&D expenditures, market value based leverage, profitability and cash holdings showed significant influence on corporate R&D costs for the sample firms. Moreover, financial factors inclusive of squared one-year lagged R&D expenditures, the interaction effect between one-lagged R&D expenditures and high-growth firm, non-debt tax shield, Tobin's q and a dummy variable to explain differences in accounting treatment between the U.S. and Korea, revealed significant differences between the two samples. Finally, in the conditional quantile regression (CQR) analysis for the R&D-related variables in relation to corporate growth rate, it was found that the NYSE-listed firms had a statistically significant linkage between growth potential and one-year lagged R&D expenditures at lower quantile levels. This study may shed new light on identifying financial factors affecting differences between the U.S. market (as an advanced market) and the Korean market (as an emerging market) regarding the optimal level of R&D investments for shareholders.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.453-474
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• 2013

The Internet is also fragmenting containers of goods that could have been custom cleared on a single entry into dozens of individual shipments that each require separate customs documents and clearance procedures. The policies of Korean government could promote the e-business environment and market conditions in legal and infrastructure terms, but not much of business itself. The facilitation of trade procedures is seen by all major international business as vital for economic development. The purpose of the study is to develop the e-Trade application, limitation and activation. This article intends to derive which factors are significant at information strategic planning stage as well as its evaluation stage. The study include the technical explanations under the ubiquitous computing.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-75
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• 2010

The primary purposes of this study are to find a proper model for government's selections of Mainbiz and present what are the better weights of the current indexes. We prepared three sets of models：first one using original 10 variables; second one using 9principally composed variables; third one using 7 principally composed variables. Among 3 models, the last one had higher explanation power than the other two models. Therefore, if index weights are adjusted according to the third newly developed model, the credibility in evaluating and selecting Mainbiz will be improved. When transforming the index weights and running the analysis, 5 variables(organization process, marketing management, management process, production-facility states, the level of forecasting) have more direct influences than other 4 variables(innovation strategies, knowledge management, achieving level, operational level) on selecting Main-biz.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.245-268
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• 2003

전통적인 방법에 의한 PER는 단순히 그 지표의 일반적인 높고 낮음에 따라 소위 '저평가 종목'이라는 이름으로 투자자들에게 추천되고 있다. 그러나 이런 방법은 개별기업의 구체적 내용을 정확하고 종합적으로 고려하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 전통적인 방법으로 사용되는 PER지표의 문제점을 개선코자 배당평가 모형으로부터 도출한 PER지표의 구성요소들을 독립변수로 활용 회귀분석을 했다. 그리고 이를 근거로 이론 지표를 만든 후, 그 이론 지표를 투자의사결정에 적용하였을 때의 유효성을 검증했다. PER지표를 구성하는 독립변수는 Kisor & Whitbeck(1963), Malkiel & Cragg(1970), A. Damodaran(1996)에 의해 연구된 것을 원용, PER지표의 구성요소들로 기업의 배당성향, 이익 성장을, 그리고 위험변수로서의 베타계수를 선정했다. 투자성과는 포트폴리오 투자가 일반적인 현실을 감안해 가치가중수익률을 사용한 포트폴리오의 투자성과를 측정했고, 표본은 국내 거래소 시장에 1991년부터 2001년까지 계속 상장된 금융업종을 제외한 전종목을 대상으로 했다. 실증분석에 사용된 기간은 1997년부터 2001년까지 5년 동안의 자료이며, 투자성과를 검증하기 위한 검증모형으로 위험 프리미엄 모형을 사용했다. 먼저 동 분석기간 중 전통적인 방법에 의한 PER효과는 나타나지 않았고, 아울러 기업규모 효과도 찾을 수 없었다. 그러나 회귀분석을 통해 구해진 이론 지표를 활용할 경우, 이론 지표에 비해 시장 지표가 과소 평가된 그룹이 과대 평가된 그룹과 비교할 때 투자성과가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이론 지표를 통해 PER수준이 낮아짐에 따라 투자성과가 더 높아지는 PER효과도 발견됐다. 이와 같이 이론 지표에 의해 나타나는 PER효과는 기업규모 효과와는 독립적인 것으로 보인다. 외환위기 이후 우리시장에 나타난 차별화 장세 속에 아직도 PER효과나 기업규모 효과와 같은 시장이례 현상이 존재하는지는 관심의 대상이 됐다고 본다. 본 연구에 의하면 기업규모 효과와는 별개의 PER효과가 여전히 존재하며, 다만 이 PER 효과는 전통적 의미의 일반적으로 낮은 PER종목이 초과수익률을 내는 것이 아니라, 기업규모가 크더라도 그 기업의 개별특성을 고려했을 때 이와 비교해 상대적으로 PER가 낮은 종목에 투자하면 초과수익을 낼 수 있음을 의미한다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.71-84
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• 2007

The architecture for RFID-based home network and an intelligent agent for efficiently managing home network are proposed in this paper. The agent consists of six modules-Agent Manager, Data Collector, Execution Controller, Data Storage, Data Queue and User Interface. Agent Manager manages the tasks of modules, and Data Collector collects the data from home appliances through the RFID readersm Execution Controller determines the operations home appliances according to the conditions of the home environment and transfers the operations to the appliances through the RFID readers. Moreover, Data Storage keeps the data which is necessary for the operations of the agent, and Data Queue temporarily stores the data which is collected from home appliances. Lastly, User Interface provides the graphical user interface in which an individual can directly control and monitor the home network. The proposed intelligent agent autonomously learns the circumstances of a home network by analyzing the data about the state of home appliances, and controls home appliances according to the preference of the user. Therefore, the user can live in the best-suited home environment without direct appliance control if he/she performs home networking through the agent.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-79
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• 2009

As the Web-based e-Business prevails, the volume of XML data on the Web is getting larger than ever. Although much research has been done on decomposing and storing XML data in RDB, which is now the most popular storage for XML, and on processing XML queries through their SQL counterparts, little attention was paid to how to alleviate the burden of storing massive volume of XML data. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method of storing XML data in RDB, whereby the unit of storage could be an XML subtree as well as an XML node. The part of XML data whose nodes were separately stored could be reformed into an XML subtree for storing when it gets rarely queried or less valuable for reference as time goes by. With this method, we designed and implemented a hybrid XML storage and query processing system, comparing it with the conventional system where an XML node is the only unit of storage. Through experiments, we compared storage efficiency and query processing performance, validating the effectiveness of our proposed system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 2011

Recently, Web applications, such as Stock Image and Image Library, are developed to provide the integrated management for user's images. Image hash techniques are used for the image registration, management and retrieval as the identifier and many researches have been performed to raise the hash performance. This paper proposes GLOCAL image hashing method utilizing the hierarchical histogram which based on histogram bin population method. So far, many researches have proven that image hashing techniques based on histogram are robust image processing and geometrical attack. We modified existing image hashing method developed by our research team. The main idea is that it makes more fluent hash string if we have histogram bin of specific length as shown in the body of paper. Finally, we can raise the magnitude of hash string within same context or feature and strengthen the robustness of hash.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-41
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• 2005

In the literature, much research has been focused on the relationships between financial policies and corporate valuation, including the effects that internal equity and capital structure have on corporate value, as well as how capital structures, investments and dividends relate to one another. However, comprehensive studies considering three facets of financial policies, namely capital structures, investments, and internal equity altogether, are scant. This study follows 361 companies listed on the Korean Stock Exchange, excluding financial institutions, from 1996 to 2002. Using 3SLS methods, an empirical analysis was conducted of the relationships among capital structures, investments, dividends, and internal equity and the results are summarized. Capital structures were found to be negatively related with investments, while investments were mainly related to dividends. Dividends were positively related with internal equity, simultaneously affecting capital structures. We were not able to find any clear evidence of a direct relationship between internal equity and capital structures; however they seemed to be indirectly related. Thus, there seems to be mutual relationships between financial policies and internal equity.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.214-236
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• 2004

최근 국제 금융시장은 컴퓨터 및 통신분야의 기술진보로 비 은행금융기관에서도 상업은행에 의해서만 독점적으로 제공되었던 거래서비스를 결합한 새로운 금융서비스를 제공할 수 있게 되었고, 이는 곧 은행과 비 은행금융기관의 벽을 무너뜨리는 양자 간 동질화 현상을 유도하였으며 활발한 금융 겸업화 현상으로 금융혁신이라고 부를 만한 서비스분야의 기술혁신 성과를 거두게 되었다. 본 연구는 금융권간 판매채널 통합의 시작이라 평가되는 방카슈랑스를 중심으로 금융기관 간 겸업의 활성화를 통해 산업 간 동질화를 이루는 시점에서 금융혁신이 이루어진다고 설정, 금융서비스의 기술혁신 성과를 예측해 보았다 이를 위해 먼저 우리나라 대표 금융기관 격인 은행과 보험, 증권회사가 금융겸업을 이루는 경우 각 겸업 주체 기관의 혁신적인 성과를 실증 분석하도록 한다. 분석대상은 표본기간 중 국내 주식시장에 연속으로 상장되어 있는 모든 은행, 증권, 손해보험 49개를 대상으로 수행하였으며, 표본자료는 KIS-LINE이 제공하는 재무제표자료와 한국증권거래소에서 제공하는 주가데이터에서 추출하였다. 본 연구의 금융혁신 성과 분석은 두 단계로 이루어진다. 먼저 금융기관 간 가상 합병을 이용, 시뮬레이션 분석을 하고 그 결과 각 금융기관의 ROA와 자기자본비율 및 안전성(위험성지표)을 분석한다 다음 단계로 안전성이 보장되지 않는 경우 적정하게 추정된 안전성 내에서 경영 성과를 이루는 최적 기간에 대해 실물옵션평가(Real Option Valuation) 분석을 한다. 그 결과 금융겸업을 통한 혁신 성과는 은행 주체로 비 은행금융기관과 겸영하는 경우 이상적으로 잘 보여지며, 증권 주체로 보험업을 겸업하는 경우는 ROA 와 자기자본비율 면에서는 혁신적이나 안전성 면에서는 저해된다는 결과를 알아내었다. 그리고 이 같은 안전성의 위험은 증권업을 실행하는데 요구되는 수준의 안전성을 유지하는 경우 3 년간의 투자기간 후에는 혁신사업으로 발전할 수 있는 발판을 마련하게 된다고 추정하였다.