• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-77
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• 2003

Finns are central economic agents that play an important role in systems of innovation as they take responsibility for generating and diffusing knowledge in both organizational and societal context. They must be considered as learning organizations which interact with other finns and institutions that share their environment. The systems of innovation literature accentuates institutional conditions that influence innovation in sectoral, regional or national levels. Meanwhile, it tends to ignore the complex dimensions of finn practices in relation to learning and innovation activities. In this context, this paper attempts to examine what finns do for sustaining innovation and how they learn to innovate. This is not just critical to know individual finns innovativeness which depends on interactions with environments within and outside the organizational boundary but also to evaluate the regional innovation system potential. In short, it is important to see that finns would attempt to take advantage of distributed knowledge within and across the boundaries of the finn without sticking to particular regional innovation systems. I argue that the more finns of a cluster attempt not only to combine localized sources of knowledge and external sources of knowledge but also to become a learning organization, the more increased regional innovation system potentials can be.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.203-211
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• 2004

This study is the results to survey on the problems and improvable Policies for current escalation system in construction contracts, through a Delphi survey to experts. From the survey results, it is desirable to decide the fluctuation rate of construction cost, which is the requirement of escalation clause, on the basis of inflation rate or construction cost index. The desirable price fluctuation rate is proposed as a $3\%$ level. However, it is difficult for construction companies to cope with the sudden increase of material price in advance, arising from short-term shock factors such as exchange rate and international raw material's price. Accordingly escalation system for specified materials, as an exceptional mode, should be introduced. As a method to calculate the fluctuation rate, ARCA(adjustment rate for the categories of articles) is more desirable than ARI(adjustment rate for an index), because the ARCA can be more reflected the characteristics of each construction work.To rationalize the ARI method, it is needed to announce the wage index, material index and machinery expense index via detailed classification by construction types. Also, it is desirable to prescribe the bidding date as a starting date of the price change, rather than contact signing date. considering the price change can happen since the biddiilg stage.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

What do our mathematics teachers now do in the classroom？ What does it actually mean to teach mathematics？ Every preparatory mathematics teacher is confronted with these questions since they have studied to become a teacher. Almost all in-service teachers are faced by of questions, too, as they evaluate their teaching in the light of that of their colleagues. In this sense, Jon L. Higgins has proposed mathematics teaching patterns of five categories, i. e., exploring, modeling, underlining, challenging, and practicing, for the sake of our all teachers. Next, J. P. Guilford has suggested three faces of intellect presented by a single solid model, which we call the 'structure of intellect' Each dimension represents one of the modes of variation of the factors. It is found that the various kinds of operations are in one of the dimensions, the various kinds of products are in another, and the various kinds of contents are in the other one. In order to provide a better basis for understanding this model and regarding it as a picture of human intellect, I've explored it systematically and shown some concrete examples for its tests. Each cell in the model stands for a certain kind of ability that can be described in terms of operation, content, and product, for each cell is at the intersection uniquely combined with kinds of ope- ration, content, and product. In conclusion, how could we use the teaching patterns of five categories, that is, exploring, modeling, underlining, challenging, and practicing, according to the given mathematics learning substances？ And also, how could children constitute the learning sub- stances well in their mind with a viewpoint of constructivism if teachers would connect the mathematics teaching patterns of five categories with any factors among the three faces of intellect？ I've made progress this study focusing on such problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.1417-1422
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• 2011

The effects of a 12-week weight reduction program applied to obese women at a community health center were studied. Middle aged women participated in the beginning of the program, but 34 persons finished the study (85% completion). Subjects practiced belly dancing three times a week for 60 minutes (60~85% HR max) per session, and nutritional education was carried out four times during the 12 week program. The weight, %body fat, and BMI significantly decreased by 5.6%, 9.5%, and 5.6%, respectively. The concentrations of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C were also significantly reduced by 13.5%, 9.5%, and 10.4%, respectively. Insulin level was reduced by 19.8%, thus lowering the HOMA-IR index. Leptin level significantly was reduced by 32.35%, adiponectin concentration. Total ROS concentration increased while total antioxidant capacity in serum remained unchanged. In conclusion, a 12-week 'Obesity Clinic Program' belly dancing and nutritional education held at a Community Center seemed to have health-promoting effects through reducing body fats, plasma lipids, and improving insulin resistance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.131-143
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• 2010

This study has aimed to develop accident modification factor(AMF) for rural two-lane roadway segments. Accident Modification Factor is a coefficient to assess roadway safety as reflecting characteristics of homogeneous roadway. It estimates accident frequency of roadway segments with developed base model and exposure. We found on items of such factors as crosswalk, driveway density, topography characteristic, land use and median through statistical models and literature review. To develop accident modification factors, we used statistical model methods and analyses of applicability and expert judgement method were practiced to validate it. Although expert judgement for land use item was questionable, most items were rated acceptable. Result of comparative analysis revealed crash frequencies of IHSDM and KHSEM were most similar with actual. However, accident distribution of KHSEM was more proper than IHSDM. Also overall estimated values of RSDS were found to be overestimated.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.109-140
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• 2008

The primary objective of this paper investigates whether asymmetric volatility phenomenon is caused by differences of opinion among investors and analyses information availability has an effect on asymmetric volatility. The empirical test period covers recent 6 years from January 4, 2000 to December 29, 2005. Five portfolios have been formed according to information availability(volume and market value). For the purpose of this study, We use TGARCH model, TGARCH-M model and adjusted model which include trading volume as a proxy differences of opinion among investors. The results are summarized as follows ; First, adjusted model analysis shows that asymmetric volatility phenomenon is disappeared or asymmetric coefficient and ratio is decreased than basis model. Second, portfolio analysis shows that the higher volume and market value, the more prominent asymmetric volatility phenomenon. And adjusted model analysis shows the higher volume and market value, the more decrease asymmetric ratio. Over all, assertion that differences of opinion among investors has caused asymmetric volatility phenomenon is regarded as reasonable. And, We see that information availability have great effect on asymmetric volatility phenomenon. We think that theses results can also occur opinion adjustment of optimistic investors. Namely, asymmetric volatility phenomenon can occur difference of information authenticity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.170-180
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to understand the nature and semantic structure of male smokers' experience of smoking cessation attempts. The participants were nine male smokers with at least one smoking cessation attempt, and who responded voluntarily to the preliminary survey. Data collection was conducted from September to December 2017, and the results of individual in-depth interview were analyzed by applying the Giorgi(2009)'s phenomenological research method. Result: 'Attempt's of smoking cessation', 'Several failed attempts of smoking cessation', 'Desperate need for help' and 'An important factor in the success of smoking cessation'. Conclusion: The present study showed that male smokers were desperate for outside intervention, smoking cessation policies, and help from family members and acquaintances as they tried to cease smoking. Therefore, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of smoking men's experience in smoking cessation, to identify their nursing needs, and provide necessary nursing intervention so that they can lead a healthy life as a member of society without giving up smoking. This study is meaningful in that smoking men can gain new insights by providing a comprehensive and comprehensive understanding of their experience

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10c
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• pp.631-633
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 홈 네트워킹 환경에서 사용자의 위치 이동을 실시간 추적하고 가정 내 주거 활동의 편의를 제공하는 정보가전기기들을 제어할 수 있는 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 다계층의 분산시스템 환경으로 구성된다. 즉, 물리 센서와 정보가전기기 등이 존재하는 물리층과 유/무선 지원 인터넷/인트라넷 통신 플랫폼을 포함하는 시스템층, 그리고 물리적 장치들로부터 시스템층을 통해 들어오는 정보를 처리하는 응용층으로 구성되며 실 생활 공간 및 시간을 응용 시뮬레이션 환경으로 반영시킨다. 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템의 개발 목적은 실버아파트에서 독거노인의 위치기반 건강관리 정보 서비스 및 아파트 내 정보가전기기들의 맞춤형 제어를 제공하기 위함이다. 이와 같은 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 홈 네트워크 내에서 사용자의 이동 위치를 파악하는 실시간 위치추적 기술과 정보가전기기들의 동작을 실시간 제어하기 위한 기술이 요구된다. 제안한 시스템에서는 UC at Irine의 DREAM Lab.에서 개발한 TMO(Time-triggered Message -triggered Objecl) 스킴을 적용하여 각 물리 센서와 정보가전기기들을 응용의 구성요소로 개발했다. 이를 통해 가정 내에 이동하는 TMO로 매핑된 이동객체를 추적하고 또한 홍 네트워크로 연결된 정보가전기기들을 정보가전 TMO 동작객체로 매핑하여 이들 사이의 능동적인 상호동작을 통해 맞춤형 서비스 및 실시간 제어가 가능하도록 했다. 마지막으로, 실시간 위치추적 및 정보가전제어 응용 시뮬레이션을 통해 능동형 홈 서비스 시스템을 구성하는 개별 동작객체들의 기능성과 수행성을 검증했다.황에 대하여 소개한다.이스는 실험정보가 저장된 데이터베이스, 분석결과가 저장된 데이터베이스, 그리고 유전자 정보 탐색을 위한 데이터베이스로 분류해 데이터를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 본 시스템은 LiNUX를 운영체계로 하고 데이터베이스는 MYSQL로 하여 JSP, Perl. 통계처리 언어인 R로 구현되었다.프트웨어를 사용하지 않고도 국내의 순수 솔루션인 리눅스 기반의 LonWare 3.0 다중 바인딩 기능을 통해 저 비용으로 홈 네트워크 구성 관리 서버 시스템 개발에 대한 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 기대된다.e 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.169-199
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• 2015

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have been combined with products from other industries to provide new functionality, as recently shown in the cases of Internet of Things (IoT). Modularity assumes a crucial role in such technological convergence, and has impacts on the relationship between organizations as well as competition within an industry. Interface standards, which ensure the connectivity between modules, serve as a critical factor in the process by which modularity affects organization systems and industry structure. To understand the aforementioned phenomenon, we studied modularity and interface standards with a focus on the interaction between technology and organization systems and subsequent changes in industrial dynamics. This paper examines previous literature on modularity and interface standards in the aspects of product architecture, organization systems, and institutional factors. With this analytical framework, we conducted a comparative analysis of electronic and automotive industries to derive implications for standardization policy. This research has shown the significance of external open interface standards in shaping an industrial landscape where a variety of module producers horizontally compete. It also advises that policymakers take into account product characteristics, engagement of leading firms in an industry, and institutional factors such as WTO law in the design of standardization policy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.110-119
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• 2017

According to the ministry of defence(2015), 49.329(13.6%) of 359,059 in results of the personality test for the korean enlist military in 2015 were exposed. in "the preventive group"and "the risk group". This study tried to search through the adaptation strategy on the transformational leadership in order to adjust well in the military organization for them. For this, conducted a survey of the psychological well-being, organizational commitment, job satisfaction with 350 soldiers of 3 Field headquaters. The result, Military commander's transformational leadership got a positive effect on the organizational commitment and the psychological well-being but not the job satisfaction. The psychological well-being got a positive effect on the organizational commitment and the job satisfaction. Also, The psychological well-being mediated a relation of the organizational commitment and the organizational commitment, the organizational commitment and the job satisfaction. This suggests the importance of the psychological well-being to improve the organizational commitment, the job satisfaction to soldiers in a military organization. Also, This suggests that the military commander's transformational leadership can be very important factors to improve the psychological well-being to soldiers in a military organization.