• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.885-890
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is for providing a strategic plan of waterfront belt development at the coastal area of Busan city that might enhance the possibility on healthy use of spare time of the residents and demand of tourism, together with raising the potential and the value added effect of coastal space. This study is one of a series of studies for developing waterfront belt at Busan coastal area. In this study we suggest the new concepts of waterfront belt, waterfront cluster and waterfront greenway. And then we present a model of making waterfront belt through waterfront cluster, which is an aggregate of individual waterfront spaces, using waterfront greenway. After that we apply this model to Haeundae coastal area and test the applicability of the model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 부산시 도심상업지역 중 특히 노상에서 하역이 빈번하게 이루어져 교통상의 문제가 되고 있는 지구를 중심으로 하여 하역의 실태와 특성을 파악하고, 하역을 적절히 처리할 수 있는 필요 하역주차공간을 산정해 그 활용방안에 대해서 고찰을 행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 부산시 도심상업지역의 점포에서 반.출입되는 화물의 수송형태는 공동수송보다 개별적으로 수송되는 경우가 더 많았다. 도심상업지역의 시각별 순간노상주차현황을 보면 승용차의 비율이 높으나 화물의 반.출입에는 소형트럭이 가장 많이 이용되고 있으며 목적시설과 가까운 곳에 주차하려는 경향을 보이고 있다. 하역주차공간산정을 위해 대기행력 시뮬레이션 모델을 활용한 결과, 도심상업지역에 있어서 도로길이에 따른 불법주차 발생비율과 필요한 하역주차공간과의 관계를 명확히 할 수 있었다. 하역주차공간산정을 위해 대기행렬 시뮬레이션 모델을 활용한 결과, 도심상업지역에 있어서 도로길이에 따른 불법주차 발생비율과 필요한 하역주차공간과의 관계를 명확히 할 수 있었다. 한편, 무질서한 노상하역을 배제하기 위해서는 주차공간의 적절한 배치가 무엇보다 중요하며 또한 장기적인 안목에서 노외 하역주차공간의 확보 및 화물의 공동집배송 등에 관한 여구가 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.70-73
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• 2008

Because the inclination and crack of stone pagoda structure are caused by the depth difference of soft soil ground and ground subsidence in weak zone, a long-term conservation of stone pagoda structure is difficult. But it is insufficient to analyze the behavior of stone pagoda structure considering soft soil ground in our country. Therefore, we find the structural effect happening in stone pagoda structure by analyzing mechanically a specific of soft soil ground and carry out structural analysis and structural modelling of stone pagoda structure that considers soft soil ground by discrete element method.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.4 s.38
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

This study proposes a method to measure the positional accuracy of the implemented GIS polygon data. Also, it aims to present a possibility to analyze the occurrence types of positional errors by improving the measuring methods of positional accuracy based on the existing individual methods and by linking individual methods. As a result of the actual application of the methodology to the test area, it was possible to measure the positional accuracy in target test areas and to analyze the occurrence causes (types) of positional errors through each index linking (linking methodologies). Also, research results allowed confirming the applicability of the methodology. However, complementary research for each standard numerical value is recommended in order to ensure the validity of methodology.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 1994

Rocks are composed of the discrete elements of microstructures such as different grains and microcracks. The studies of these microstructures are of increasing interest in engineering geology and civil engineering related to construction of a deep under-ground space. Accordingly, instead of a simplified continuum approach, discrete structural elements and mechanical properties of various grains must be accounted. But it is difficult to analyse crack and discontinuity surfaces in Euclidean geometry. So, Mandelbrot( 1983) developed fractal theory to manage irregular body in nature. In this study, geometrical properties of microstructures to estimate a relation between crack propagation and stress were calculated. Then it is shown that fractal theory can be applied to research real mechanical behavior of rocks.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.555-566
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• 2017

For multivariate datasets with large number of variables, classical dimensional reduction methods such as principal component analysis may not be effective for data visualization. The underlying reason is that the dimensionality of the space of variables is often larger than two or three, while the visualization to the human eye is most effective with two or three dimensions. This paper proposes a working procedure which first partitions the variables into several "latent" clusters, explores individual data subsets, and finally integrates findings. We use R pakacage "ClustOfVar" for partitioning variables around latent dimensions and the principal component biplot method to visualize within-cluster patterns. Additionally, we use the technique for embedding supplementary variables to figure out the relationships between within-cluster variables and outside variables.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.01a
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• pp.263-268
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• 2008

학교의 학습 과정에 있어서 학습자 간의 학습 능력의 차이는 존재하며 이를 해결하기 위해 교육과정에서는 개별 학습과 수준별 학습을 권장한다. 유무선 인터넷을 통한 수준별 학습은 최근에 많은 연구가 되고 있는 u-러닝(Ubiquitous Learning) 환경에도 부합하며 학습자 개개인이 자신의 속도와 수준에 맞게 자기주도적으로 학습을 하기에 알맞은 방법이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 학습자가 시간과 공간에 구애받지 않고 자율적으로 수준에 맞게 학습할 수 있는 수준별 학습 시스템을 설계하였다. 특히 시스템에 체계성을 더하기 위해 개별화 학습 체제 중에서 과거 많은 연구를 통해 그 효과성이 입증된 Keller의 PSI(Personal System of Instruction) 이론을 활용하여 시스템의 각 과정을 설계하였다. 본 시스템의 장점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습자가 원하는 시간과 공간에서 자신의 속도에 맞게 학습할 수 있으므로 자기주도적인 학습 능력을 기를 수 있다. 둘째, 시스템 구성상 평가를 통해 일정한 기준에 미달하면 목표에 도달할 때까지 계속 학습하고 도전해야 하므로 궁극적으로 완전학습에 도달할 수 있다. 셋째, 제한된 교실 상황에서 벗어나 온라인에서의 학습 지원이 가능하므로 학습자의 개인차에 따른 수준별 학습을 관리하고 책임져야 하는 교사의 부담을 덜어준다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.392-411
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for exploring hotspot patterns of house price volatility where there is a high fluctuation in price and homogeneity of direction of price volatility. These patterns are formed when the majority of householders in an area show an adaptive tendency in their decision making. This paper suggests a method that consists of two analytical parts. The first part uses spatial scan statistics to detect spatial clusters of houses with a positive range of price volatility. The second part utilizes local Moran's I to evaluate the homogeneity of direction of price volatility within each cluster. The method is applied to the areas of Gangnam-Gu, Seocho-Gu, and Songpa-Gu in Seoul from August to November of 2003; the Participatory Government of Korea designated these areas and this period as the most speculative. The results of the analysis show that the area around Gaepo-Dong was as a hotspot before the Government's anti-speculative 10.29 policy in 2003; the house prices in the same area stabilized in October, 2003 and the area was identified as a coldspot in December, 2003. This case study shows that the suggested method enables exploration of hotspot of house price volatility at micro spatial scales which had not been detected by visual analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.561-577
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• 2001

Urban spatial structure is closely related to the spatial distribution of urban economic activities. The spatial distribution pattern is no more than an aggregated expression of the location and/or relocation behavior of individual firms and establishments. In this respect, it is important to identify and examine the factors that affect the spatial behavior of individual firms for a more comprehensive understanding of urban space. Agglomeration economies are one of the most prominent urban economic phenomena in the modern metropolitan area. Most firms in an urban space seek external economies through the spatial clustering of their activities. Agglomeration economies feature prominently in the analysis of urban economic structure across urban areas. While the agglomeration economies between cities focus at the macro-scale of analysis, such economies within any given city focus more on the micro geographical scale. There have been a number of researches on agglomeration economies, among which there are relatively few approaches based on an intra-urban context. This proper explores the agglomeration economies at the micro scale and tries to reseal the spatial realization of the agglomeration economies within and between sectors. Three sectors are considered in the analysis; manufacturing, retail and service. The model is based on simultaneous equation systems combined with spatially weighted variables and estimated by the KRP estimators.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2016

The underground cavity known as one of the reasons of ground surface settlement is a discontinuous character. Therefore, it is limited to analyze with continuum analysis. In this research, The spherical underground cavity affecting the ground surface settlement is studied with Discrete Element Method. Ground properties, depth and diameter of the spherical underground cavity are chosen as factors of the spherical underground cavity and the effect of the each factor variations on the ground surface settlement is analyzed. Relative depth to the diameter of the spherical underground cavity is also studied. The result of the research suggests the basis of underground cavity collapse prediction and standard of support.