• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2013

This paper, we analyzed that the measured data of the radiated power spectrum of electromagnetic waves of the normal spark ignition system and the spark ignition system with feed through type ceramic condenser. The results show that the strength of power spectrum radiated from the system with feed through type ceramic condenser is weaker than the normal system, and the density of power spectrum radiated from the system with feed through type ceramic condenser is smaller than the normal system. From these results, the feed through type ceramic condenser can reduce the electromagnetic waves radiating from the spark ignition system which is the spurious emission, and it can be concluded that the ignition coil of the spark ignition system generating high voltage pulse is equivalent to the radio frequency oscillator which is oscillating high frequency from a electronic point of view.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.69
• /
• pp.285-293
• /
• 2004

As a special infrastructure, it is important that the suspension bridges which were designed by using the cable are carefully maintained and safely inspected after their construction, more than what is done in other cases of bridge structures. However, the structural analysis for their design and maintenance has considered only the simplified geometric shape of the structure. Particularly, it is not easy to make the modeling analyze the bridge structure including detailed steel deck plates. In this paper, we evaluated the structural behaviors and performances of the completed earth-anchored suspension bridge that was in a completed state through both the tension of hanger member and their computational analysis. We considered the frame system and the detailed steel deck plates that were especially added into the modeling to take more precision analysis about it. We also applied hanger tensions converted by the natural frequency and the natural frequency of the bridge when in normal vibration. Results of the vehicle loading test were used in the analysis. We compared the results by using our modeling with the result of the loading test and the hanger tension. Our prediction on the behavior of the structure emulates the behavior of the real structure. In applying the data measured by the typhoon "Maemi" which arrived in-land last year, we confirmed our analysis model for the possibility of applying effectively into the preliminary design and maintenance plan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.147-153
• /
• 2002

Due to the growth of population and industrial development at the coastal cities, there has been much increase in necessity to effective control of the wastes into the coastal water and river. The amount of disposal at those waters has been increased rapidly and it is necessary for us to track of it in order to keep the water clean. The investigation and research related to the water quality in this region have been conducted continuously but the systematic survey of the disposed wastes at the bottom was neglected and/or minor. In this study we surveyed the status of disposed waste distribution at the bottom coastal water and river from the scanned images. The intensity of sound received by the side scan sonar tow vehicle from the sea floor provides information as to the general distribution and characteristics of the superficial wastes. The port and starboard side scanned images produced from a transducer borne on a tow fish connected by tow cable to a tug boat have the area with width of 22m∼112m, and band of 44m∼224m. All data are displayed in real-time on a high-resolution color display (1280 ${\times}$ 1024 pixels) together with position information by DGPS. From the field measurement and analysis of the recorded images, we could draw the location and distribution of bottom disposals. Furthermore, we made a database system which might be fundamental for planning the waste reception and process control system.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2018

In this study, the pull-out behavior of tunnel type anchorage of suspension bridges was analyzed based on results from laboratory size model tests and numerical analysis. Tunnel type anchorage has found its applications occasionally in both domestic and oversea projects, therefore design method including failure mode and safety factor is yet to be clearly established. In an attempt to improve the design method, scaled model tests were conducted by employing simplified shapes and structure of the Ulsan grand bridge's anchorage which was the first case history of its like in Korea. In the model tests, the anchorage body and the surrounding rocks were made by using gypsum mixture. The pull-out behavior was investigated under plane strain conditions. The results of the model tests showed that the tunnel type anchorage underwent wedge shape failure. For the verification of the model tests, numerical analysis was carried out using ABAQUS, a finite element analysis program. The failure behavior predicted by numerical analysis was consistent with that by the model tests. The result of numerical analysis also showed that the effect of Poisson's ratio was negligible, and that a plugging type failure mode could occur only when the strength of the surrounding rocks was 10 times larger than that of anchorage body.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2005

심바스타틴은 cholesterol 생합성 과정에서 속도 조절 효소인 HMG-CoA reductase의 강력한 상경적 길항약으로서 고지혈증 치료에 널리 쓰이는 약물이다. 심바스타틴 제제인 MSD 사의 조코 20 mg정을 대조약으로 하여 시험약인 유영 제약의 엘바스타 20mg정의 생물학적 동등성 평가를 하기 위해 22명의 건강한 지원자를 모집하였다. 지원자를 두 군으로 나누어 2정씩 투여하였고 $2{\times}2$ 교차시험을 실시하였다. 심바스타틴의 혈장 중의 농도를 정량하기 위하여 발리데이션된 LC/MS/MS를 사용하였다. 채혈 시간은 투약 전 및 투약 후 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 시간에 걸쳐 총 12시점에 걸쳐 시행하였다. 생물학적 동등성을 판정하기 위한 파라미터로 12시간까지의 혈장 중 농도곡선 하 면적 ($AUC_{12hr}$)과 최고 혈중 농도($C_{max}$)를 사용하였다. 12시간 까지의 혈중 농도 곡선 하 면적의 기하 평균은 $17.30ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(시험약)과 $17.35ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(대조약)으로 나타났다. 최고 혈중 농도의 경우 각 각 5.08 ng/ml(시험약)과 5.20 ng/ml(대조약)으로 관찰 되었다. $AUC_{12hr}$의 경우 로그변환한 평균치 차의 $90{\%}$ 신뢰구간이 log0.8510 - log1.1694이었고, $C_{max}$의 경우 log0.8176 - log1.1649로 계산되어 두 항목 모두 log0.8-log1.25이어야 한다는 식품의약품 안전청과 FDA의 기준을 모두 만족시켰다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 시험약 엘바스타 정 20mg은 대조약 조코정 20 mg에 대하여 생물학적 동등한 것으로 판정되었다.트리머 전기비저항 탐사를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 하저에 케이블을 설치하는 방식에 비해 매우 신속하고 경제적으로 하저에 분포하는 이상대의 분포범위와 발달방향을 규명할 수 있었다.대에 대해 가장 효과적이다. 모델과 현장 적용 결과들을 통해 GRM SSM 방법을 이용하여 불규칙한 굴절면을 가진 지층들에 대해 좀 더 신뢰할 수 있는 정밀한 탄성파 속도를 산출할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.별한 주의를 기울여야 한다.EX>$\alpha/\beta$=10인 경우 $62.0\~121.9\;Gy_{10}$ (중앙값: $93.0\;Gy_{10}$)의 분포를, ${\alpha/\beta}=3$인 경우 $93.6\~187.3\;Gy_3$ (중앙값=$137.6\;Gy_3$ )의 분포를 보였다. MD-BED $Gy_3$는 직장합병증 발생과의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하였고, 방광합병증과는 유의하지 않았다. 직장합병증과의 연관성은 MD-BED $Gy_3$보다 개별 환자의 직장전벽 총 선량 BED값인 R-BED $Gy_3$가 훨씬 더 높았다. 요도카테터 풍선의 후방지점이 대변하는 방광의 총 선량 BED값인 V-BED $Gy_3$도 방광합병증과 경향성 테스트에서 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 하지만, 어떠한 방사선선량도 골반제어율과 의미 있는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 본 기관에서 주치의의 선호도에 따라 강내근접치료가 외부방사선치료의 중간에 시행되는 형태인 샌드위치기법과 외부방사선치료 후반부에 시행되는 순차적 기법으로 구분하였을 때, 두 방식간 치료성적 및 합병증의 차이는 없었다. 총 치료기간에 대한 분석에서는 치료기간이 길어질수록 재발 위험이 커지는 경향을 보였으나, 나이 및 병기, 종양의 크기, MD-BED $Gy_{10}$

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
• /
• 2011.03a
• /
• pp.29-29
• /
• 2011

아라미드 섬유는 열에 강한 튼튼한 방향족 폴리아마이드 섬유이다. 아마이드는 "85%이상의 아미드(CO-NH)기가 두 개의 방향족 고리에 직접 연결된 합성 폴리아미드로부터 제조된 섬유"로 정의된다. 아라미드 섬유는 크게 파라계와 메타계로 대별되는데 본 연구에서 사용한 파라계 아라미드는 인장강도, 강인성, 내열성이 뛰어나며 고강력 고탄성률을 지니고 있다. 일반적인 유기 섬유와는 다른 우수한 성질을 바탕으로 부직포, UD laminatig, staple 등의 형태로 크게 섬유보강 고무 복합재료 등의 각종 복합재료, 로프, 케이블, 방탄방호용과 같은 산업자재의 용도로 자동차, 우주항공, 정보통신, 국방, 등 다양한 관련 산업분야에서 사용이 확대되고 있는 고부가 소재이며 가격대비 성능비가 우수하기 때문에 세계적으로 산업용 섬유 및 초고성능 섬유시장에서 비중이 증가될 것으로 예상되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Para-Aramid 필라멘트를 이용하여 ATY를 생산할 때 제조공정조건에 따른 ATY 물성을 알아보고 고강도를 요구하는 방화복, 고무 보강용 섬유 등의 소재에 맞는 ATY 사가공 최적공정조건을 도출하여 체계화된 data-base를 구축하여 생산성 향상 및 품질개선과 함께 산업자재용 직물개발에 응용하고자 한다. 아라미드를 ATY로 제조할 경우, 표면에 생기는 loop로 인하여 타소재와 접착시, 접착제 담지 성능이 향상되어 접착력이 상승되는 반면, 아라미드 ATY가 기존의 아라미드의 물성보다 저하되는 약점을 가지고 있으므로 이를 보완하기 위해 본 연구에서는 ATY 제조공정에서 중요 공정인자인 사속, heater 온도, over feed ratio를 변화시켜 시료를 제조하여 이들의 물성을 분석하여 최적의 물성을 갖는 ATY 사가공 공정을 도출함으로써 물성이 저하되는 문제를 보완 가능할 것으로 기대된다. 물성분석은 강신도, 초기탄성률을 각각 측정하여 인장특성을 확인하였으며, 습열수축률과 건열수축률을 측정하여 시료의 열수축률에 대해 측정을 하였다. 표면의 루프 발현 정도를 보기 위하여 Crimp Rigidity(CR%), 형태 불안정성(instability)등을 측정하였으며, 영상 현미경 시스템을 사용하여 ${\times}40$ 배율로 표면특성을 측정하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.349-359
• /
• 2016

In order to analytically evaluate buffeting responses, the analysis of wind characteristics such as turbulence intensity, turbulence length, gust, roughness coefficient, etc must be a priority. Static aerodynamic force coefficients, flutter coefficients, structural damping ratios, aerodynamic damping ratios and natural frequencies affect the analytical responses. The bridge interested in this paper has being been used for 32 years. As the time passes, current terrain conditions around the bridge are different markedly from the conditions it was built 32 years ago. Also, wind environments were considerably varied by the climate change. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the turbulence intensity, length, spectrum and roughness coefficient of the bridge site from full-scale measurements using the structural health monitoring system. The evaluation results indicate that wind characteristics of bridge site is analogous to that of open terrain although the bridge is located on the coastal area. To calculate buffeting responses, the analysis variables such as damping ratios, static aerodynamic force coefficients and natural frequency were evaluated from measured data. The analysis was performed with regard to 4 cases. The evaluated variables from measured data are applied to the first and second analysis cases. And the other analysis cases were performed based on Design Guidelines for Steel Cable Supported Bridges. The calculated responses of each analysis cases are compared with the buffeting response measured at less than 25m/s wind speed. It is verified that the responses by the numerical analysis applying the estimated variables based on full-scale measurements are well agreed with the measured actual buffeting responses under wind speed 25m/s. Also, the extreme wind speed corresponding to a recurrence interval 200 years is derived from Gumbel distribution. The derived wind speed for return period of 200 years is 45m/s. Therefore the buffeting responses at wind speed 45m/s is determined by the analysis applying the estimated variables.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.185-198
• /
• 2023

In marine seismic surveys, the inevitable occurrence of trace gaps in the near offset resulting from geometrical differences between sources and receivers adversely affects subsequent seismic data processing and imaging. The absence of data in the near-offset region hinders accurate seismic imaging. Therefore, reconstructing the missing near-offset information is crucial for mitigating the influence of seismic multiples, particularly in the case of offshore surveys where the impact of multiple reflections is relatively more pronounced. Conventionally, various interpolation methods based on the Radon transform have been proposed to address the issue of the nearoffset data gap. However, these methods have several limitations, leading to the recent emergence of deep-learning (DL)-based approaches as alternatives. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of two representative DL-based studies to scrutinize the challenges that future studies on near-offset interpolation must address. Furthermore, through field data experiments, we precisely analyze the limitations encountered when applying previous DL-based trace interpolation techniques to near-offset situations. Consequently, we suggest that near-offset data gaps must be approached by extrapolation rather than interpolation.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.18 no.1 s.59
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2005

In the age of digital culture, TV broadcasting is exercising more influence as a information and communication medium compared to past. With the appearance of satellite broadcasting service in 2002, the broadcasting environment became a diversified field of local TV, cable TV, satellite, internet, etc. and created the time of multi-media and multi-channel. This ongoing change of broadcasting environment made the passive audience of the past, active image makers and new accepters, participants and users of communications, who know how to choose and use media as the active centerpiece, The active acceptor as the centerpiece of channel selections has become the center of the broadcasting, whereby they pick up and enjoy their favorite TV programs and came to remember the list of their favorite channels and zap them finally. In this point of spotting their favorite channels and improving the degree of recognition for the channels, the development of the noticeable brand for a particular program has made a great contribution. The aim of this study, therefore, is to recognize the factors, which are important in the habits of watching TV and to develop professional brands for TV broadcasting programs. The range of the survey for this study was home news programs and broadcasting stations abroad, which were on air from March to May in 2004. The focus of the survey was universal and professional news programs. Through this study, it was ascertained that, in the case of news, developing a brand for an anchor as well as for a professional brand of TV program could be an important element.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.603-620
• /
• 2021

A land nodal seismic system was employed to acquire seismic reflection data using stand-alone cable-free receivers in a land-river area. Acquiring reliable data using this technology is very cost effective, as it avoids topographic problems in the deployment and collection of receivers. The land nodal airgun system deployed on the mouth of the Hyungsan River (in Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk Province) used airgun sources in the river and receivers on the riverbank, with subparallel source and receiver lines, approximately 120 m-spaced. Seismic data collected on the riverbank are characterized by a low signal-to-noise (S/N) and inconsistent reflection events. Most of the events are represented by hyperbola in the field records, including direct waves, guided waves, air waves, and Scholte surface waves, in contrast to the straight lines in the data collected conventionally where source and receiver lines are coincident. The processing strategy included enhancing the signal behind the low-frequency large-amplitude noise with a cascaded application of bandpass and f-k filters for the attenuation of air waves. Static time delays caused by the cross-offset distance between sources and receivers are corrected, with a focus on mapping the shallow reflections obscured by guided wave and air wave noise. A new time-distance equation and curve for direct and air waves are suggested for the correction of the static time delay caused by the cross-offset between source and receiver. Investigation of the minimum cross-offset gathers shows well-aligned shallow reflections around 200 ms after time-shift correction. This time-delay static correction based on the direct wave is found essential to improving the data from parallel source and receiver lines. Data acquisition and processing strategies developed in this study for land nodal airgun seismic systems will be readily applicable to seismic data from land-sea areas when high-resolution signal data becomes available in the future for investigation of shallow gas reservoirs, faults, and engineering designs for the development of coastal areas.