• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1909-1913
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• 2008

수자원의 공급적인 측면에서 내륙지역에 비하여 불리한 도서지역은 단기간의 가뭄에도 생활용수가 고갈되어 매년 상습적인 식수난을 겪고 있는 상태이다. 전국 3,170개 섬 중 491개 유인도에 831,295명(2003년)이 거주하고 있으나 상수도 보급률은 28.7%에 불과하다(환경부, 2005). 나머지 71.3%의 도서지역 주민들은 간이 급수시설, 우물, 지붕수 등을 생활용수로 이용하고 있다. 이와같이 도서지역은 상수도 보급율이 열악하여 지하수자원에 대한 의존도가 내륙지역에 비하여 높아 지하수자원을 통해 부족한 용수를 공급받아야 할 실정이다. 용수공급을 위한 지하수의 개발을 위해서 무엇보다 선행되어야 할 것은 도서지역의 지하수개발가능량 평가이며 이의 평가를 위해서는 지하수함양량의 파악이 이루어져야 한다. 지하수함양량 산정 기법 중 하나인 NRCS-CN방법은 선행강우조건, 토지피복상태, 수문학적 토양군 등의 인자들에 의해 산정되어진다. 수문학적 토양군의 경우 대부분의 연구에서 정정화 등 (1995)에 의해 분류된 자료가 이용되고 있었으나 최근 정광호 등(2007)에 의하여 수문학적 토양군이 재분류 되었다. 본 연구에서는 NRCS-CN방법을 이용하여 식수난에 어려움을 겪고 있는 우리나라 서남해안의 14개 도서지역에 대하여 수문학적 토양군의 1995년 분류와 2007년 분류를 적용하여 지하수함양량을 산정하고 비교하였다. 1995년 분류와 2007년 분류에서 지하수함양량과 함양률은 개도, 생일도, 보길도를 제외한 도서지역은 1%미만의 차이로 변화가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 개도, 생일도, 보길도는 1995년 분류에 비하여 2007년 분류에서 $2.2%{\sim}2.8%$ 감소하였다. 따라서 대상지역의 수문학적토양군의 재분류에 의한 지하수함양량 및 함양률의 차이가 미미함을 알 수 있었다. 연평균 함양량은 1995년 분류와 2007년 분류에서 수도가 590.8mm, 583.5mm로 최대값을 가지며 가파도가 270.2mm, 270.5mm로 최소값을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 함양률의 경우 1995년 분류에서는 개도가 29.8%의 최대값을 나타내었고 가파도가 23.3%의 최소값을 가지는 것으로 나타났으며 2007년 분류에서는 사량도 상도가 28.5%의 최대값을 나타내었고 가파도가 23.3%의 최소값으로나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.158-168
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• 2007

This study analyzed the reduction efficiency to a debris barrier planed with the Office of Forestry and local provinces among diverse measurements for the diminution of high-density turbid water and soil erosion of Soyang reservoir. As the analysis of soil erosion of Soyang river basin applying rainfall data (2005) and GIS database, soil erosion is estimated as 4,819,494 ton. Also, in the analysis of unit soil erosion, Chugok-, Jaun-, and Ohang stream shows high value comparing with other watersheds. Debris barrier watersheds are extracted as the center of 94 debris barrier points using GIS spatial analysis. As the analysis of soil erosion and sediment delivery ratio (SDR) of debris barrier watershed, the reduction efficiency of soil erosion of debris barrier of 2005 is analyzed as 6.8%, that is 330,203 ton. Also, the reduction efficiency of soil erosion of debris barrier of 2005 increases as 10.5%, that is 506,783 ton, when the locations of debris barrier are changed into the high soil erosion area over 5,000 ton.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.70 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1985

By the continuous and heavy rainfall of 615 mm during 15 days, landslide disaster occurred on July 5, 1985 at a steep-sloped land in Munhyon-dong, Pusan. This landslide was sized about 50 m long at slided part and 50 m long at buried part down, 30 m in average width, and 2 m in average depth respectively. 37 human lives and the great amount of properties have been last as the result of this landslide from the steep-sloped land. Summarizing the results of this study, the national-wide plan for the steep sloped land failure control measures on the steep-sloped possible-danger places should be established in Korea.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1167-1175
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• 1994

The effects of the calculation method of surface runoff on the estimation of flood in urban drainage basin were analyzed in this study. In comparing with surface runoff methods. RUNOFF, ILLUDAS, SBUH and RRL were investigated. To route the flow in sewer/conduits EXTRAN was applied. The Kings Creek and Gray Haven drainage basin's measured data of rainfall and runoff were used in comparing the computed results. The results show that the greatest effect factor on surface runoff in urban small area is the concentration time. The results estimated by each model which are composed with EXTRAN show that the scheme for surface runoff gives considerable effect on the flood hydrograph in urban drainage system. RUN-EX method gives the most similar simulation results among the surface runoff models, and is more applicable for paved and unpaved basins than others.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.147-155
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• 1993

An urban runoff model is proposed in this study, which is composed of a surface runoff model and a channel routing model. ILLUDAS is selected as the best fit model for the surface runoff computation, and the dynamic wave model using weighted four-point implicit finite difference scheme is used to perform the channel routing. The 3rd Seongbook bridge basin located in Seoul is selected as the test basin for the proposed model, and the rainfall-runoff data are collected to calibrate and verify the urban runoff model. The computed results by this model showed the fair accuracy when compared with the observed hydrographs. So the model proposed in this study could be used to compute the urban river flow as well as the outflow from the urban drainage area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.1B
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

The spatio-temporal pattern in precipitation is a significant element in defining characteristics of precipitation. In this study, a new scheme on regionalization utilizing temporal information was introduced on the basis of existing approaches that is mainly based on simple moments of data and geographical information. Given the identified spatio-temporal pattern, this study was extended to characterize regional pattern of annual maximum rainfall over Korea. We have used circular statistics to characterize the temporal distribution on the precipitation, and the circular statistics allow us to effectively assess changes in timing of the extreme rainfall in detail. In this study, a modified K-means method was incorporated with derived temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall in order to better characterize hydrologic pattern for regional frequency analysis. The extreme rainfall was reasonably separated into five categories that considered most attributes in both quantitative and temporal changes in extremes. The results showed that the proposed approach is a promising approach for regionalization in term of physical understanding of extreme rainfall.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.558-566
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• 2012

This study was conducted to offer preliminary data for a natural restoration by the actual condition survey of quarries after extracting rock materials. The mountain restoration area according to a farming and fishing village organize project was restored by green landscape after quarry. However, planting tree species were died due to poor maintenance and administration after restoration works and surface soil loss and erosion occurred during a summer rainfall season because of poor slope greening. It will be needed to review restoration constructions to establish a natural friendly and flawless construction through the selection of optimum restoration works and the examination of soil and geological characteristics. In addition, it is necessary to apply cost-reducing program of restoration constructions. Quarry areas could be restored by the selection of simple and optimum construction works because the most areas were dominant in earth-sand rocks, soft-rocks, and weather-rocks. In addition, the restoration construction project should be examined thoroughly by restoration specialists during green restoration planning and review processes.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

Several studies have been conducted on monitoring system and automatic measuring instruments to prevent slope failure in advance in Korea and overseas. However, these studies have quite complex structure. Since most of the measurement systems are installed on the slope surface, the researches are carried on the measurement system that detects sign of slope collapse in advance and alerts are still unsatisfactory. In this study, slope collapse experiments were carried out to understand the slope failure mechanism according to rainfall conditions. The water content and displacement behavior at the early stage of the slope failure were analyzed through the measurement of the ground displacement and water content. The results of this study can be used by local government as a basic data for the design of slope failure alarm system to evacuate residents in case of slope failure or landslide due to heavy rainfall.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2011

가뭄은 다른 기상재해들과 달리 특정한 기후현상에 의해 발생하는 사건이 아닌 장기간의 강우 부족으로 인한 물 부족으로부터 기인하며, 가뭄의 특성상 가뭄의 시작과 끝을 명확히 구분하기 힘들며, 심도를 결정짓는 것 또한 어려움이 있다. 이러한 가뭄의 특성을 파악하기 위한 연구는 계속되고 있으며, SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index), PDSI(Palmer Drought Severity Index), SWSI(Surface Water Supply Index), EDI(Effective Drought Index), CMI(Crop Moisture Index)등과 같은 가뭄의 특성을 잘 반영한 가뭄지수의 개발 또한 끊임없이 이어지고 있다. 하지만 이러한 가뭄지수들은 기상학적, 기후학적, 농업적, 수문학적등과 같은 분류에 의해 가뭄의 표현이 상이한 결과를 보여주며, 동일한 방법으로 산정된 가뭄평가지수라 하더라도 지역적인 적합성 정도에서 또한 차이를 보인다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 실제 가뭄의 발생사례를 바탕으로 각종 가뭄지수들의 적합도와 가뭄의 변동특성을 파악하고자 한다. 우리나라의 가뭄특성을 확인하기 위하여 보고서 등 각종 문헌과 신문기사를 통해 1973년부터 2009년까지 실제 가뭄발생 기록을 정량화하고 행정구역단위의 우리나라 전역에 공간분포로 표현하였다. 69개 기상관측소의 강수 및 기온 자료를 통해 기상청과(SPI, PDSI, PN, 강수량십분위) 동일한 방법으로 가뭄지수를 산정 후 마찬가지로 행정구역단위의 우리나라 전역에 확장하였으며, 이렇게 생성된 각종 가뭄지수 및 기후변수의 공간분포와 실제 가뭄발생사례의 공간분포를 비교 분석함으로서 각 가뭄지수 및 기후변수의 적합성을 평가하였다. 각 가뭄지수 및 기후변수의 적합성을 평가하기 위하여 ROC space 상의 검정통계량을 이용하였다. 분석결과 PN(Percent of Normal)이 실제 가뭄의 현상을 가장 잘 표현했으며, 강수량, SPI 3, 강수량 십분위 등이 높은 상관성을 보였다. 또한 SPI12, PDSI, PN, 강수량십분위 등이 행정구역에 따른 산포정도가 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 우리나라 전 지역 가뭄의 시 공간적인 가뭄변동특성을 파악하고, 기존에 사용되고 있는 가뭄지수의 적합도 평가를 통해 우리나라 가뭄특성을 가장 잘 반영한 가뭄지수의 선정과 각종 기후특성을 잘 반영하는 좀 더 향상된 가뭄지수 개발에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 가뭄의 시 공간적인 예측에 대해 적합한 가뭄지수 선택에 도움을 줄 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.252-252
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• 2011

Rainfall-runoff models are calibrated and validated by using a same data set such as observations. The past climate change effects the present rainfall pattern and also will effect on the future. To predict rainfall-runoff more preciously we have to consider the climate change pattern in the past, present and the future time. Thus, in this study, the climate change represents changes in mean precipitation and standard deviation in different patterns. In some river basins, there is no enough length of data for the analysis. Therefore, we have to generate the synthetic data using proper distribution for calculation of precipitation based on the observed data. In this study, Kajiyama model is used to analyze the runoff in the dry and the wet period, separately. Mean and standard deviation are used for generating precipitation from the gamma distribution. Twenty hypothetical scenarios are considered to show the climate change conditions. The mean precipitation are changed by -20%, -10%, 0%, +10% and +20% for the data generation with keeping the standard deviation constant in the wet and the dry period respectively. Similarly, the standard deviations of precipitation are changed by -20%, -10%, 0%, +10% and +20% keeping the mean value of precipitation constant for the wet and the dry period sequentially. In the wet period, when the standard deviation value varies then the mean NSE ratio is more fluctuate rather than the dry period. On the other hand, the mean NSE ratio in some extent is more fluctuate in the wet period and sometimes in the dry period, if the mean value of precipitation varies while keeping the standard deviation constant.