• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.1A
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• pp.25-33
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• 2011

The impact damage behavior of steel-strengthened concrete panels exposed to explosive loading is investigated. Since real explosion experiments require the vast costs to facilities as well as the blast and impact damage mechanisms are too complicated, numerical analysis has lately become a subject of special attention. However, for engineering problems involving blast wave and fragment impact, there is no single numerical method that is appropriate to the various problems. In order to evaluate the retrofit performance of a steel-strengthened concrete panel subject to blast wave and fragment impact loading, an explicit analysis program, AUTODYN is used in this work. The multi-solver coupling methods such as Euler-Lagrange and SPH-Lagrange coupling method in order to improve efficiency and accuracy of numerical analysis is implemented. The simplified and idealized two dimensional and axisymmetric models are used in order to obtain a reasonable computation running time. As a result of the analysis, concrete panels subject to either blast wave or fragment impact loading without the steel plate are shown the scabbing and perforation. The perforation can be prevented by concrete panels reinforced with steel plate. The numerical results show good agreement with the results of the experiments.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.177-185
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• 2000

The deformation characteristics is one of the major factors to resume the crash configuration in collision accident reconstruction. Crash analysis are carried out using finite element method and body stiffness equations representing force-deformation relationship are derived, Two different crash conditions : 1) frontal barrier impact 2) frontal impact between cars are given for the derivation of the equations. The stiffness coefficient of equation by method 2) is larger than that by method. 1). Crash analysis between two vehicles is accomplished with three crash angles and three velocities for each angle condition. The deformations are measured for six selected points and deformation energies are calculated using the derived equations. Equation by method 2) results in better estimation of deformation energy than that by method 1) for all crush configurations. The estimated energies can be utilized as one of indices to identify the type of the collision accident result.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.527-532
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• 2009

In this paper simulations for the impact into ceramics and/or metal materials have been discussed. To model discrete nature for fracture and damage of brittle materials, we implemented cohesive-law fracture model with a node separation algorithm for the tensile failure and Mohr-Coulomb model for the compressive loading. The drawback of this scheme is that it requires a heavy computational time. This is because new nodes are generated continuously whenever a new crack surface is created. In order to reduce the amount of calculation, parallelization with MPI library has been implemented. For the high-speed impact problems, the mesh configuration and contact calculation changes continuously as time step advances and it causes unbalance of computational load of each processor. Dynamic load balancing technique which re-allocates the loading dynamically is used to achieve good parallel performance. Some impact problems have been simulated and the parallel performance and accuracy of the solutions are discussed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.5A
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• pp.369-378
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• 2011

In this paper, the response analysis of RC(Reinforced Concrete), SC(Steel-Plate Concrete) containment buildings subjected to a large aircraft impact is performed using Autodyn-3D as Hydrocode. Until now, the impact load in the analysis of aircraft impacts has been applied to target structures at the local area by using the impact load-time history function of Riera. However in this paper, the results of aircraft crash are analyzed by using an aircraft model similar to Boeing 767 and verified by comparing the generated history of the aircraft crash against the rigid target with another history by using the Riera's function. To estimate the resistivity of the impact, the response and safety of SC containment buildings, this study is performed by comparing the four cases of plane concrete, reinforced concrete, bonded containment liner plate at reinforced concrete, and SC structure. Thus, the different behaviors between SC and RC structures when they are subjected to the extreme impact load could be anticipated. Consequently, the improved safety is expected by replacing RC structure with SC structure for nuclear power plants.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2007

Barrier VII program is normally used for the design of flexible barrier, but if modelled properly it can be used for the analysis of vehicle impact to small sign posts. In this paper sign post is shown to be modelled as flexible barrier by combining beam and column elements at each beam node. Simulations with the Barrier VII program have been made for 7 impact cases composed of sign posts of circular and H section with rigidly connected support and breakaway support system. The impact speed used for the simulation ranged from 30km/h to 110km/h. The study shows that in the vehicle impacts to a circular sign post with high speed, the large deflection and high inertia force causes the sign plate to hit the windshield leading to a hazard to the occupants. It is also shown that impact to H section post results in small deflection of the post and abrupt velocity change and high deceleration of the impact vehicle causing severe damage to both the vehicle and occupants. Simulation study also shows that breakaway support system eliminates the potential danger of the vehicle impact to the rigidly connected small sign posts by reducing deflection of the post, abrupt change in velocity and deceleration level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.714-714
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• 2005

This paper presents the modeling and impact analysis for a rotating cantilever beam having a concentrated mass. The concentrated mass takes an impact force during the rotating motion and the transient response of the beam induced by the impact is calculated by applying the Rayleigh-Ritz assumed mode method. The stiffness variation effect caused by the rotating motion is considered in this modeling. The effects of the concentrated mass size, impact position and the angular velocity of the beam on the transient responses are investigated through numerical studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.407-417
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• 2001

To secure good visibility various steel flexible barriers were introduced and constructed in the area where a highway runs in parallel with a railroad. However, none of the flexible barriers was proven to satisfy the performance criteria for the impact condition of $14tonf-80km/h-15^{\circ}$ set forth by Korea design guide. Thus, in this study, the impact performance of the flexible barriers was investigated by using Barrier VII program, which was most widely used for the preliminary design of barriers. From the analytical results, it has been found that none of the barriers satisfied the stiffness requirement while the Type C barrier showed stiffer behavior than the others. Thus, the way to strengthen the installed Type C barrier was experimentally investigated. The method of partially filling concreter inside the pst was efficient to satisfy the performance criteria for the impact condition of $14tonf-80km/h-15^{\circ}$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.170-177
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• 1997

In this study, an analysis technique using simple beam model for predicting structure crashworthiness of the passenger car side impacted with an angle by another passenger car was investigated. The simple model was composed of major beam-like side structure which carry almost all side impact load. A procedure of component collapse test, calculation of load carrying capability and dynamic simulation was carryed out sequentially. Transient dynamic algorithms and a computer program to simulate deformations and motions of the impacted car was developed. The developed procedure was applied to a 3 door passenger car side impacted with an angle of 75 degree and the analysis results show good agreements with the actual test results.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.42-48
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• 2002

Velocity change of crashed vehicle has been applied to assess the safety of passenger and degree of impact severity widely. In this study, 1 D crash analysis and 2 D crash analysis were performed for velocity change of crashed vehicle with HVE 2D, and factors used for these analysis are weight, C.G, roll resistance, stiffness and brake force which influence on velocity change of crashed vehicle. According to results, the velocity change of crashed vehicle was influenced by weight, center of gravity stiffness and brake force but not roll resistance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.78-84
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• 2017

Consistent efforts have been made to reduce the weight of automotive parts by using lightweight materials. This has resulted in the replacement of conventional steels in car body structures with high-strength steels, and the current usage rate has reached 50%. This study examines the structural stiffness and energy absorption capability of bumper beams made of high-strength steels. New types of bumper beam cross sections are proposed.The structural stiffness and maximum bending force were computed via finite element analysis as about 25tons and 7.5tons/mm, and there were no significant differences among the proposedcross sections. Dynamic analysis was also carried out to investigate the energy absorption capabilities of the bumper beams, and the effects of materials and thickness reduction were analyzed. High-strength steel can be used to achieve weight reduction with comparable structural performance to conventional bumper beams.