• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.304-308
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• 2009

One new naturalized species was recorded from Jeollanam-do Yeongam-gun, Daegu, and Daejeon in Korea. Hedyotis corymbosa grows well where there is enough sunlight; in moist, sandy soil. Hedyotis corymbosa (Rubiaceae) can be distinguished from other species in the same genus by longer peduncles, and a lot of flowers. We gave it the Korean name 'San-bang-back-un-pul' based on the specific epithet 'corymbosa'.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2012

Purpose: The first web space of the foot has a similar thickness and skin texture of the pulp of the fingers. Moreover, it has a reliable blood vessel and sensory nerve. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of the first web space free flap to reconstruct the pulp of fingers. Materials and Methods: Authors have performed 23 cases of first web space free flap to reconstruct the pulp defect of the fingers between June 2004 and May 2009. The age of the patients ranged from 20 years old to 55 years old. The size of the flap ranged from $1{\times}1.5cm$ to $8.5{\times}2.5cm$. The mean flap area was 5.4 cm2. In 4 cases, we elevated the flap including lateral aspect of the big toe and medial aspect of the second toe. And then we made an artificial syndactyly to reconstruct the pulps on two fingers at the same time. In all cases, we performed 1 digital artery and 1 dorsal vein anastomosis. Every donor site that had a small defect healed spontaneously without any additional operations to cover it. Results: Of this type of surgery 21 flaps (91.3%) survived, 2 flaps (8.7%) failed. There was no severe complication in the donor sites. There was no walking disturbance due to the skin defect of the donor site. The static 2 point discrimination in 11 cases that we could check ranged from 3 mm to 15 mm. Conclusion: The authors believe that the first web space free flap of the foot is a good option for the reconstruction of the pulp of the fingers and it has a minimal donor site morbidity.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.16 no.1 s.30
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• pp.7-12
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• 1977

In order to find out the optimum weeding date for growing barley in paddy field, several kinds of weeding dates and frequencies were made and compared. The results are summarized as follows: 1. As far as the weeding frequencies were fixed with one time, an immediate weeding after wintering resulted better barley grain yield and yield components by causing decreased yield of weed. 2. Maximum allowable date to be free from the weed competition were estimated as not late than February 10 or at most february 25. 3. It is considerable that the effect of weeding was continuously found till March 11 but no significant weeding effect was found when the weeding was done after April. 4. The competition of weed and barley was relatively so higher from February 25 to March 30 that the control during this period seemed to be very effective by causing little decrease in barley grain yield. 5. Major overdominant weeds observed in the paddy field for barley growing period were Alopecurus aequalis S., Stellaria alsine G., and Galium aparin L., in the order of degrees.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.2 s.58
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• pp.157-162
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• 2005

To clarify the key characteristics of Korean brown frogs (R. dybowskii, R. huanrenesis and R. amurensis coreana), this study employed a morphological and morphometrical comparisons among brown frogs found in Korea and Japanese endemic species, R. tsushimensis. As a result, it was considered that the key characteristics were the shape of the finger and toe tips, the markings of the lower jaw, the presence or absence of an upper lip line, the development of toe webbing, and the shape of the vomerine teeth series by morphological comparisons of brown frogs. Also, there were significant differences in tympanum diameters and foot lengths of the four species of brown frogs. Therefore, a comparison between morphological and morphometric characters is an effective way to clarify the identification of brown frogs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.530-541
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• 2014

The dredge gear is dragged along the bottom of the sea to catch targeted edible bottom dwelling species. Species composition and ecological index of the catches of dredge were estimated around Gangneung coastal fishing ground by dredge with different mesh size and tooth space from July to December 2013. Eight different types of dredge including four different tooth space (24.7 mm, 29.9 mm, 34.9 mm, 40.1 mm) and four different mesh size(15.5 mm, 32.7 mm, 51.1 mm, 60.0 mm) were used in the experiment. During the experiment, total catches were collected 31 species as sipunculida 1 species, mollusca 13 species, annelida 3 species, arthropoda 8 species, echinodermata 4 species and others 2 species. The dominant genus were mollusca and echinodermata while the dominant species were Megangulus venulosus, Pseudocardium sachalinensis, Schaphechinus brevis. The richness index was ranged 1.29-1.72, evenness index was 0.6-0.65 and diversity index was 1.65-1.83 according to the tooth space and mesh size of dredge. Richness index, diversity index were high at tooth space 34.9 mm dredge and ecological index showed decreasing tendency with the increasing of mesh size of dredge. Cluster and MDS analysis, based on a Bray-Curtis and similarity matrix of fourth root transformed data of number of species and wet weight, showed division into four different groups as four different tooth space (Group A), four different mesh size Group B (51.1 mm, 60.0 mm), Group C (32.7 mm) and Group D (15.5 mm).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.740-746
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• 2011

Purpose: In the treatment of the unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities, the correction of the low-nostril height and short-columella are very difficult problems. We report the treatment outcomes of web uni-limb Z-plasty used for correction of unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities by using photographic analysis. Methods: A total of 36 patients with unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities were enrolled in this study, who underwent web uni-limb Z-plasty and were followed up for at least 6 months. First, a triangular flap was made on the medial side of alar-columella web. The nostril apex of cleft side was corrected to a higher point compared to noncleft side by 2 mm. The flap was transposed into the defect of the vestibule. To reduce the bulging of the flap, horizontal cinching sutures were added. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated by using photographic analysis. 2 indices and 1 angle were measured on their photographs taken before and after the surgery. Symmetry was also evaluated by means of the noncleft side to cleft side index. For anthropologic assessment, observers described postoperative outcomes, using Ordinary Scale Method. Results: The postoperative values obtained in photographic analysis improved compared to preoperative ones. More improving anthropologic assessment was shown in post-than pre-operative. Conclusion: Although, further long term follow up is needed, we found this technique to be an effective procedure to the symmetry of nostril apex level and the lengthening of columella in the unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.44-64
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• 1999

The flora of vascular plants investigated in Mt. Hyangro-Bong was 450 taxa belonging to 86 families, 254 genera, 393 species, 2 subspecies, 51 varieties, 4 formae. Among the investigated vascular plants, Korean endemic plants (Carex okamotoi, Salix koriyanagi, Clematis chisanensis, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Viola diamantiaca, Sanguisorba hakusanensis, Vicia venosissima, Patrinia saniculaefolia, Hanabusaya asiatica, H. asiatica for. alba etc.) were 23 taxa; rare and endangered plants(Disporum ovale, Lilium distichum, Trillium kamtschaticum, Gastrodia elata. Clematis chisanensis, Rodgersia podophylla, Rosa marretii, Viola diamantiaca, Syringa wolfii, Hanabusaya asiatica etc.) were 17 taxa; naturalized plants(Dactylis glomerata. Poa pratensis, Rumex acetosella, Gypsophila oldhamiana, Lepidium apetalum, Oenothera odorata, Aster pilosus, Carduus crispus, Erigeron annuus, Taraxacum officinale etc.) were 14 taxa.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 1998

Floristic composition of Kyongpo Provincial Park area were investigated from June, 1997 to June, 1998. Vascular plants were composed of 87 families, 240 genera, 281 species, 51 varieties, and 7 formae, totaling 339 taxa. Among them, three taxa such as Vicia venosissima, Paulownia coreana, Aster ciliosa were Korean endemic species. Pteridophyta calculation(Pte-Q) was investigated, 0.61. A naturalized plants were 12 species, corresponding to 5.5％ of totaling 218 species in South Korea by Lee and Chon(1995). The dominant species could be represented by Pinus thunbergii and P. densiflora. And its stratification structure were composed as follows : Pinus thunbergii and P. densiflora in tree and subtree layer, Pinus thunbergii, P. densiflora. and Prunus sargentii in shrub layer, and Spodiopogon sibiricus, Festuca ovina, Melandryum firmum, Artemisia princeps, Rumex acetosella, Commelina communis and Plantago depressa in herb layer, respectively. But stratification structure of dominant species appeared very unstable in subtree and shrub layer.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.738-746
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• 1995

Greenhouse studies were carried out to find the difference of growth, weed competition and herbicides response in barley(Hordeum vulgare L. emend Larnark) under foggy and non-foggy condition. Plant height, leaf stage, leaf width and shoot fresh weight of barley under foggy condition were greatly increased, while heading rate ripening rate and number of grains per panicle of barley were reduced. Weed emergence based on fresh weight was much greater under foggy than that under non-foggy condition. Plant height of barley under foggy condition was increased comparing with non-foggy condition and significantly reduced with increasing the duration of weed competition, while 1,000-grain weight of barley reduced by the early competition(0∼20 days). Among the herbicides treated, butachlor and thiobencarb inhibited growth of barley under foggy than non-foggy condition. Plant height of barley treated of herbicides under foggy condition was ever increased but 1,000-grain weight of barley was reduced. Weeding efficacy(75-90%) by shoot fresh weight of weeds under foggy condition at 25 days after application was lower 3 to 15% than that under non-foggy condition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.657-661
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 자연형 소하천정비 시범사업 중에서 2003년 하천정비공사가 완료된 후 식생의 침입과 정착하는 과정을 조사함으로서 교란된 하천을 자연형 하천으로 복원하는데 생태학적으로 어떤 공법이 최적의 공법인가를 알아보고자 각 호안공법 별로 식생의 변화특성을 분석한 것으로 결론은 다음과 같다. 이동 소하천에 적용된 다양한 공법(자연석 쌓기, 식생축조블록, 그린리버(환경)블록, 스톤넷, 친환경 돌망태, 식생매트, 환경블록 H형, 반딧불 블록, 지오그린셀, 자연석 3단쌓기 호안)으로 정비된 자연형 하천 복원 후의 식생조성과 목본식물의 침입 및 정착 과정을 조사하였다. 9가지의 공법 중에서 식생 조성과 목본식물의 침입과 정착에 양호하다고 판단된 공법은 자연석 2단 및 3단 쌓기가 가장 좋다고 판단되었고, 그 다음은 지오그린셀 공법, 식생 매트 공법 그리고 그린리버 공법의 순이었다. 친환경 돌망태 공법, 환경블록 공법, 환경 H블록 공법, 식생 축조 블록 공법 및 반딧불 블록 공법은 다른 공법에 비하여 적절하지 못한 공법이었다. 각 공법 간 식생 조성의 유사도 비교에 의하면 시간이 지남에 따라 하천 복원 후 하천 변의 식생이 한 방향으로 서서히 수렴되어 가고 있었다. 하천 공법에 관계없이 봄에 침입하는 식물을 보면 둑의 사면에는 갈퀴나물, 큰김의털, 쑥, 환삼덩굴, 점나도나물 이었고, 수로에는 고마리, 소리쟁이, 미나리, 개구리자리였다. 여름에는 둑 사면에 망초, 억새, 환삼덩굴, 토끼풀이, 수로에는 고마리, 미나리, 미국가막사리, 닭의장풀, 그리고 가을에 많이 침입한 식물은 사면에 파종된 외래식물인 큰김의털, 식재한 억새, 강아지풀 및 환삼덩굴이었음을 알 수 있었다. 처음 침입한 목본은 갯버들, 아카시나무, 내버들 및 버드나무 등 4종이었으나, 1년 후에는 싸리, 산딸기, 쥐똥나무 및 뽕나무가 새로 침입하였다. 이렇게 침입한 목본식물들은 복원된 하천에 다른 물리적인 교란이 심하게 가해지지 않는다면 당분간 계속 생장할 것으로 사료된다.