• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.113-119
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• 2001

Mesenchymal hamartoma is an uncommon benign tumor usually found in childhood, especially during the first two years of life. The tumor consists of a solid component and multiple cyst. Without treatment, these lesions can grow to an enormous size. We experienced a case of mesenchymal hamartoma which was found incidentally, in a 8 month old girl who had ascending cholangitis after Kasai operation due to biliary atresia. On abdominal ultrasonography and CT, there was a well-defined homogeneous small echogenic mass in the right lobe of the liver with cirrhosis. Five months later, she underwent liver transplantation. Gross picture of the resected liver showed a dark greenish pigmented solid mass in the right lobe of the cirrhotic liver. Microscopic findings showed reactive mesenchyma and epithelial overgrowth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.263-269
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• 2023

Ciliated foregut cyst is a relatively rare disease; thus, most reports are in the form of case studies. This benign cyst is usually found in the mediastinum and account for approximately 20% of all mediastinal masses. However, it is rarely found in the hepatobiliary and peripancreatic regions. Approximately 20 cases of ciliated foregut cysts involving the pancreas have been reported in the Enlgish literature. Here, we present a case of ciliated foregut cyst that occurred in the tail of the pancreas in a 29-year-old female. The patient's ultrasonography, CT, and MRI findings are presented, along with a review of the literature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.278-287
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• 2009

The study find out developmental factors of the liver diseases in 29,531 subject of the healthy adults who diagnosed by using ultrasound at healthcare centers located at 6 cities around the nation. The results are as follows. Based on the result of the study, the liver diseases diagnosed by using ultrasound revealed to show 43.1％ of prevalence, and the occurrence was significantly higher in male(23.3％) than in female (19.8％)(p<0.001). The disease revealed to show highest prevalence rate in regionally, Dae-jeon was found to record the highest prevalence by showing 49.6％ (p<0.001). The order of liver disease prevalence was the highest in Dae-jeon(49.6%),which was followed by Seoul(48.2%), Busan(42.9%), Incheon(36.2%), Daegu(36.2%), Kangju(32.1%)(p<0.001). The order of hepatic disease prevalence was the highest in fatty liver (69.7％), which was followed by intrahepatic cysts (13.2％), intrahepatic calcification (9.6％), intrahepatic hemangioma (4.5％), intrahepatic tumor (1.4％), diffuse liver disease (1.0％),and liver cirrhosis (0.5％) (p<0.001). The liver disease revealed to show highest prevalence rate in 40s and regionally, disease was found to record the highest prevalence from 30s to 50s (p<0.001). The distribution of the liver diseases by sex revealed to show the higher occurrence of the fatty liver and the diffuse liver diseases in male, but the intrahepatic cysts, intrahepatic calcification and intrahepatic tumors were highly distributed in female. In the regional evaluation, the fatty liver was most often found in Busan, and intrahepatic cysts, intrahepatic hemangioma, intrahepatic calcification and intrahepatic tumors were highly found in Dae-jeon and Seoul revealed to show higher occurrence of diffuse liver disease than other regions (p<0.001). The multiple regression analysis for the related factors which affect the prevalence of the liver diseases resulted to show the higher prevalence by age. sex,

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.178-181
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• 2007

Purpose : The renal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are remarkably diverse, including polycystic kidney disease, simple renal cysts, renal cell carcinomas, and angiomyolipomas. All of these occur in children as well as adults in TSC. Angiomyolipomas, which can cause spontaneous life-threatening hemorrhages, are by far the most prevalent and the greatest source of morbidity. Here, we will address our experience, adding to the literature on pediatric patients with TSC requiring evaluation and treatment for renal manifestations. Methods : A retrospective analysis was made on 19 patients in whom TSC was diagnosed between May 2001 and Oct. 2005 at Severance Hospital. All patients had clinical diagnoses of TSC as defined by the 1998 tuberous sclerosis complex consensus conference. Results : The patients consisted of 13 boys and 6 girls with a mean age of 7.3 years (range 1 to 22). The renal disease associated with TSC included angiomyolipoma in nine patients (47.4 percent), renal simple cyst in one (5.3 percent), hydronephrosis in one (5.3 percent) patient. Eight patients (42.1 percent) presented with normal kidney contours at abdominal ultrasonography. One patient underwent renal replacement therapy due to chronic renal insufficiency after nephrectomy. Hemorrhage from angiomyolipoma was not detected. Conclusion : In our review of 19 cases of TSC, renal manifestations are reported in 57.9 percent of patients. Asymptomatic angiomyolipoma associated with TSC grow gradually, although severe hemorrhages are rare. So patients with TSC should be followed up with serial computerized tomography or abdominal ultrasonography. And also, renal function should be monitored conservatively.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2011

Purpose : To compare free-breathing and respiratory-triggered diffusion-weighted imaging on 1.5-T MR system in the detection of hepatic lesions. Materials and Methods: This single-institution study was approved by our institutional review board. Forty-seven patients (mean 57.9 year; M:F = 25:22) underwent hepatic MR imaging on 1.5-T MR system using both free-breathing and respiratory-triggered diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at a single examination. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed respiratory-triggered and free-breathing sets (B50, B400, B800 diffusion weighted images and ADC map) in random order with a time interval of 2 weeks. Liver SNR and lesion-to-liver CNR of DWI were calculated measuring ROI. Results : Total of 62 lesions (53 benign, 9 malignant) that included 32 cysts, 13 hemangiomas, 7 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 5 eosinophilic infiltration, 2 metastases, 1 eosinophilic abscess, focal nodular hyperplasia, and pseudolipoma of Glisson's capsule were reviewed by two reviewers. Though not reaching statistical significance, the overall lesion sensitivities were increased in respiratory-triggered DWI [reviewer1: reviewer2, 47/62(75.81%):45/62(72.58%)] than free-breathing DWI [44/62(70.97%):41/62(66.13%)]. Especially for smaller than 1 cm hepatic lesions, sensitivity of respiratory-triggered DWI [24/30(80%):21/30(70%)] was superior to free-breathing DWI [17/30(56.7%):15/30(50%)]. The diagnostic accuracy measuring the area under the ROC curve (Az value) of free-breathing and respiratory-triggered DWI was not statistically different. Liver SNR and lesion-to-liver CNR of respiratory-triggered DWI ($87.6{\pm}41.4$, $41.2{\pm}62.5$) were higher than free-breathing DWI ($38.8:{\pm}13.6$, $24.8{\pm}36.8$) (p value < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Respiratory-triggered diffusion-weighted MR imaging seemed to be better than free-breathing diffusion-weighted MR imaging on 1.5-T MR system for the detection of smaller than 1 cm lesions by providing high SNR and CNR.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.756-771
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• 2003

Digital Video Library System which manages a large amount of multimedia information requires efficient and effective retrieval methods. In this paper, we propose and implement a new video search and retrieval algorithm that compares the query video shot with the video shots in the archives in terms of foreground object, background image, audio, and its context. The foreground object is the region of the video image that has been changed in the successive frames of the shot, the background image is the remaining region of the video image, and the context is the relationship between the low-level features of the adjacent shots. Comparing these features is a result of reflecting the process of filming a moving picture, and it helps the user to submit a query focused on the desired features of the target video clips easily by adjusting their weights in the comparing process. Although the proposed search and retrieval algorithm could not totally reflect the high level semantics of the submitted query video, it tries to reflect the users' requirements as much as possible by considering the context of video clips and by adjusting its weight in the comparing process.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 1999

A 4-year old Korean-native cow of third parturition delivered an deformed calf with congenital anasarca and hypoplasia of the extremity at Muan County in Chonnam Province. At parturition, the dam showed amniotic fluid approximately two times more than that at the normal and also occurred severe dystocia. The anomaly died before parturition was 82 cm long and weighed 25 kg. It was difficult to recognize the neck and face of the anomaly due to severe edema and the stretched tongue through mouth was found. The shape of the extremity was recognizable and the systemic hypoplasia of the body with marked edema was found. At necropsy, there was a large amount of serous fluid both in pleural and peritoneal cavity. Also the fluid was contained some of yellowish granular materials and diffusely was fulfilled in all subcutaneous tissue. There was a partial opening in diaphragm which was resulted in the protrusion of approximately half of liver toward peritoneal cavity. There were two kidneys (15${\times}$21 and 13${\times}$18 cm) on the left which were enlarged and relatively larger than the right one (13${\times}$9 cm). In addition, there were found slight to moderate hepatomegaly and splenomegaly with slight congestion, and diffuse edema of intestinal serosa. Lung (32${\times}$49 mm) with marked hypoplasia was smaller than the size of heart (56${\times}$45mm). Serological test to the dam showed relatively high antibody titer (＞64) to Akabane virus which might be involved in the outbreak of the deformed Korean-native calf as one of many causative agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.79 no.5
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• pp.271-275
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• 2018

The falciform ligament is a hepatic suspensory ligament that extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm, containing the ligamentum teres and a vestigial remnant of the umbilical vein. Among the rarely-occurring pathologies of the falciform ligament, which include ligament cyst, tumor, abnormal vascularization, and congenital ligament defect, a falciform ligament abscess is even more sporadic. Accordingly, the definitive diagnosis of the falciform ligament abscess is rather challenging and may easily be misinterpreted as an infected choledochal cyst or a liver abscess. We present a 25-day-old infant with the falciform ligament abscess, which developed after the umbilical venous catheter insertion and was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotic administration.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.435-441
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• 2013

This retrospective study evaluated the effects of the interval from calving to first insemination (ICFI) and days open (DO) on the reproductive performance in dairy cows. In the first analysis, data from 705 cows were grouped based on the ICFI: short (30-60 days, n=217), medium (61-90 days, n=309), and long (91-150 days, n=179). The occurrence of endometritis was greater in the long group than in short and medium groups (p<0.05). The occurrence of ovarian cysts increased with increasing ICFI (p<0.05), while body condition score (BCS) during the 5 month postpartum period was lower with increasing ICFI (p<0.01). The hazard of pregnancy by 365 days in milk (DIM) was lower (hazard ratio [HR]=0.70, p<0.0001) in the long group, but higher (HR=1.41, p<0.0001) in the short group compared with the medium group. In the second analysis, data from 436 cows were grouped based on the DO: short (30-90 days, n=154), medium (91-180 days, n=183), and long (181-360 days, n=99). The occurrence of a retained placenta was greater in the long group than in the medium group (p < 0.05). Ovarian cysts occurred more frequently in medium and long groups than in the short group (p=0.08). BCS was lower in the short group compared with medium and long groups at month 1 postpartum (p<0.05). Milk yield (kg/day) was greater in the medium group compared with the short group at months 2 to 5 postpartum (p<0.05). The hazard of first insemination by 150 DIM was lower in the long group than in the short group (HR=0.73; p<0.02). The hazard of pregnancy by 365 DIM was lower (HR=0.64, p<0.0001) in the long group than in the medium group, while the hazard did not differ between short and medium groups (p>0.05). Moreover, the culling rate was greater in the long group than in the short group (p<0.05). In conclusion, a longer ICFI and DO resulted in reduced reproductive performance in dairy cows, which was attributable to an increase in postpartum diseases, a lower BCS and a greater milk yield.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

Purpose: Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor which occurs most frequently at epiphysis of long bones. This study analyzed the difference between patients with chondroblastoma either on their epiphysis or apophysis. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 19 patients with chondroblastoma who visited our hospital from August 1987 to August 2005. The mean follow up period was five years. Fifteen patients were male and 4 patients were female. The mean age of the patients was 17.6 years. The treatment consisted of either curettage alone, curettage with bone graft or curettage with cementation. We retrospectively compared the difference between one chondroblastoma originating from the epiphysis and the other chondroblastoma originating from the apophysis in terms of age predilection, duration of symptoms, size of tumor, status of the physis, presence of pathologic fracture, recurrence rate and accompanying aneurismal bone cyst. Results: Among the 19 patients, 11 patients had chondroblastoma at the epiphysis, and 8 at the apophysis. Distal femur was the most common site for epiphysis lesions while the greater trochanter was the most common site for lesions arising at the apophysis. The mean age was 14.2 years in the epiphysis group and 22.3 years in the apophysis group. Chondroblastoma occurred after closure of the physis in 3 out of 11 cases in the epiphysis group and in all 8 cases in the apophysis group showing a statistical significance between the groups in terms of status of the physis at onset. Size of the lesion was bigger in the apophysis group with statistical significance. Conclusion: Chondroblastoma is known to occur frequently at the epiphysis of long bones, but our study shows that in patients over 20 years old it occurs more frequently at the apophysis which needs to be considered when making the proper diagnosis. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the age of occurrence, status of physis and size of tumor while there was none in terms of the duration of symptoms, presence of pathologic fracture, recurrence rate and presence of accompanying aneurismal bone cyst.