• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was a part of a drive to develop a community health center-based hospice management model which is concerned with hospice care at a community health care setting and available resources of the local community. Methods: Development of a community health center-based hospice management model involved evaluation of existing hospice-related research, including literature review, and research on hospice facilities at the study site, as well as evaluation of model operation. The latter involved community health center-based hospice test operation, and evaluation of test operation by a research team, including of a nursing professor majoring in hospice care and staffs from a community health center in Busan metropolitan city, regional cancer center, and regional terminal cancer patient medical institute. The study was conducted in the 2008 calendar year. Results: The community health center-based hospice management model provides service linked with local community resources, focusing on the local community health center. Financial and administrative assistance is provided by the regional cancer center, with collaboration from academic health care professionals who guide the operation management. The community health center hospice nurse in consultation with a visiting nurse team registers terminally-ill cancer patients and, after assessment, the hospice team prioritize hospice care during team meeting. Care is delivered by staffs and volunteers. Conclusion: The developed community health center-based hospice operation management model maximally utilizes available community health resources to produce qualitative improvement of regional health and welfare policy through improving the lives of home-based cancer patients and their family who are in medical blind spot.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.4
• /
• pp.5-29
• /
• 1995

Occupational health services in Korea have been operated as dual types : one is operated by occupational health care manager and the other is health care agency without their own personnel. The performance of occupational health service should be different due to the variety of characteristics of health care manager and workplace, qualification of health care manager. This study is to analyze performance of occupational health care services with a particular consideration of job performance shape and efficiency, based on comparing those two types of health care management to show on the basic data for the settlement of more qualitative health care management system at workplace. For this study, total 391 places in Seoul and Inchon city area ; 154 places (39.4%) managed by designated health care manager and 237 places (60.6%) by the agency with their commission are selected as research samples. Tools for data collection are questionnares that have been investigated during the period of 20 September 1993-20 December 1993. Those data are compared with percentiles, mean, standard deviation and B/C ratio using SPSS PC program. Conclusions observed from the tests and each comparison could be summerized as follows : 1. Occupational health care have been accomplished at workplaces with designated people than with agencies people, and coverage rate of the occupational health care services has differences, due to management types. The reason of these results is due to visit only one or two times monthly by the agencies, while their own health care manager obsess, at the workplaces all the times. 2. Most of the expense for environmental control of all health care services expenditures shows that there is almost no fundamental improvement because more expenses are needed for procuring personal protective equipment and measuring work environment instead of environmental improvement. 3. It is investigated how much the cost of occupational health care services needs per worker, and calculated how much the cost needs per service hour per worker. The results from this show that the cost of occupational health services at workplaces with their own managers used less than the cost of health care agencies, eventually the former gives better services with less cost than the latter. 4. Benefit/Cost ratio is also produced by total benefit/total cost. The result from the above way reads 4.57 as a whole, while their own manager having workplaces reads 4.82 and the agencies do l.56. Even if their own manager performing workplaces spent more cost, this system produces more benefit than the agencies management. 5. The B/C ratio for medical organization such as local clinic, health care center and pharmacy shows more than or equal to at the workplaces controlled by the agencies. It is inferred that benefit would be much less than the cost used, with so being inefficient. 6. It is assumed that the efficiency ratio of health education is equal to reduction rate of workers medical organization visit. Estimated reduction rate 5%, 10%, 15%, show that the efficiency ratio of health education have an effect on producing benefits. It is estimated that more benefit can be produced if more qualitative education will be provided for enhancing health care efficiency. 7. Results of this study cannot be generalized because there are large scale of deviation in case of workplaces with less than 300 full time workers, but B/C ratio reads 2.69 as a whole and 3.25 at workplaces with their own health care manager are higher than 1.63 at the workplaces manged by the agencies. Finally, all the benefit concerning health care services could not be quantified, measured and shown on the value of money. This is a reason that a considerable part of benefits are so underestimated. This is also thought that measurement tools should be developed for measuring benefits of health care services with a comprehensive quantification. in the future. It is also expected that efficiency of occupational health care services should be investigated using cost-effectiveness analysis.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.59 no.4
• /
• pp.35-61
• /
• 2007

This study examines the determinants of employment and wage of new college graduates by using Youth Panel Data(2003-2005) of the Work Information Center, and seeks assignments for mitigating unemployment and wage disparities of new college graduates. Results are summarized as follows. First, an analysis of the determinants of employment shows that the Kyunggi Inchon district in school locations, higher school records, and qualification certificates positively affect the employment rate, while the private college group in the non-capital area negatively affects the employment rate. Second, an analysis of determinants of standard employment demonstrates that the Kyunggi Inchon district in school locations, higher school records, qualification certificates, and the major group of medical science, pharmacy, nursing science and health science, and the major group of education positively affect the employment rate, while the private college group in the non-capital area, the junior college groups in the capital and non-capital areas negatively affect the employment rate. Third, an analysis of determinants of nonstandard employment shows that the junior college graduation in scholarly attainments, the junior college groups in the capital and non-capital areas positively affect the employment rate, while the private college group in the non-capital area negatively affects the employment rate. Fourth, an analysis of the determinants of wages demonstrates that male in sex, the older in ages, the major group of medical science, pharmacy, nursing science and health science, and the major group of education positively affect the wages, while nonstandard employment, Kyunggi Inchon and Cholla districts in school locations negatively affect the wages. These results suggest several implications. First, college education should be reformed to cultivate professional manpower who are required by industries. Second, alternative measures to mitigate sex discrimination in labor markets should be prepared. Third, the process of attaining qualification certificates should be reformed in order that it is actually connected to the abilities of work performances and the improvement of productivity. Fourth, a locally balanced development must be realized through the decentralization of industries. Fifth a systematic and comprehensive program need to be prepared to promote the employment of new college graduates.

• Korean journal of health promotion
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2017

Background: Abdominal obesity as measured by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) may have stronger and inverse associations with cardiovascular (CV) health than overall obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI). However, there was some challenges for controversies. We aimed to examine the associations of WHtR and BMI with CV health among Korean children using data of the 2010-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the sample of 2,363 children by analyzing by gender and two-age groups (10-12 and 13-18 years). Overall obesity was categorized into 3 groups by BMI percentile: non-overweight (<85), overweight (${\geq}85$), and obesity groups (${\geq}95$). Abdominal obesity was categorized into 2 groups by WHtR: normal (<0.5) and abdominal obesity groups (${\geq}0.5$). The CV health score was defined as a z-score by calculating the sum of 7 CV factors. Results: The overweight/obesity groups had significantly lower CV health scores than the normal group (P<0.05) in boys and girls aged either 10-12 years or 13-18 years after adjusting for covariates. The abdominal obesity group also showed significantly lower CV health scores than the normal group (P<0.05) in all the groups; this significant association remained significant in boys aged 13-18 years even after further adjusting for BMI category (P<0.01). Conclusions: Among boys aged 13-18 years, abdominal obesity as measured by WHtR was significantly and inversely associated with CV health, independent of BMI category. Therefore, it should be considered to assess the level of abdominal obesity as a measure of CV health in late adolescent boys.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.638-651
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to review the literature and examine the effects on non-pharmacological depression intervention for middle-aged women in Korea. This systematic review analyzed the literature from 2006 to September, 2015. The existing literature was searched in the electronic databases in RISS, KISS and DBPia using the following key words: middle-aged women and depression, menopause and depression, climacterium and depression. Two hundred eighty studies were found through the database. According to PICOTS-SD, twelve studies were included for analysis. Among the twelve studies, four studies were conducted in the nursing field. Six studies were randomized controlled trials. Aerobic exercise, laughter therapy, meditation, aroma massage, counseling and art therapy were performed as non-pharmacological interventions for depression in Korean middle-aged women. The length of each session ranged from 20 to 120 minutes. The intervention period varied from 2 to 24 weeks, and the total number of the interventions ranged from 8 to 72 times. They influenced not only depression, but also physical aspects that are associated with obesity and psychosocial variables, such as anxiety, quality of life, life satisfaction, etc.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.12a
• /
• pp.474-478
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 2008년 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업에 사용되고 있는 관절통증을 중심으로 한 사례관리를 수정 보안하여 우리나라 실정에 맞는 관절통증 사례관리 프로그램을 개발, 제안하며, 맞춤형 방문건강 관리사업의 활성화와 완성도를 높이는데 있다. 연구방법으로는 2007년 전국 12주 관절통증 사례관리 결과자료 분석하고, 전국 253개 보건소의 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업 인력에 대한 자료 분석과 전국 보건소 전문가 자문회의와 토론 결과를 통해 설문지를 수정 보완하여 2008년도 충청남도 관절통증 12주 사례관리를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 12.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여, p-value가 0.05 미만과 0.01미만인 경우를 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 판정하였으며, 전국자료는 빈도분석, wilcoxon 부호순위 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하였으며, 12주의 관절통증 사례관리의 연구기간동안 수집된 자료를 1주와 8주간, 1주와 12주간, 8주와 12주간을 paired t-test 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하여 유의성 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 12주 기간 동안 사전 사례관리 방문간호사의 교육을 통한 사례관리 서비스의 강도의 조절 및 매주로 서비스의 횟수를 조절하여 사례관리를 실시한 결과 총 109개 항목에서 1주와 8주간에 유의한 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 51개 항목, 1주와 12주간에는 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)을 비롯한 53개 항목, 8주와 12주간에는 지난 48시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 있었으며, 1주와 8주간은 유의하나 1주와 12주간은 유의하지 않게 나타나는 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 3개 항목, 1주와 8주간은 유의하지 않다가 1주와 12주간은 유의하게 나타나는 항목은 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)를 비롯한 6개 항목, 1주, 8주, 12주간의 모든 기간에서 유의한 항목은 지난 48 시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 현재 우리나라에서 추진되고 있는 맞춤형 방문건강관리 사업의 사업지침에 대한 보완을 위해 관절통증사례관리 프로그램에 있어 중재 서비스 또는 프로그램의 기간은 12주간에서 8주간으로 조정 되어야 하며, 추가가 필요한 항목으로는 교육, 자기역량 강화, 운동처방, 물리치료, 약물치료, 대체요법, 식이, 영양, 생활지도 등이며, 어골도 분석을 위한 기본 틀 및 주요 구성요소를 제시 및 기여 요인 및 결정요인을 위한 논리적 모형 제시가 필요하며, 개선목표를 위한 유지증진 및 관리능력, 지기 관리 수행도 개선과 대상자별 맞춤형 사례관리를 위한 표준화된 행동 체크리스트 제작 보급 및 사례별 운동, 물리치료 지도 방법 계획 수립에 대한 인력 충원이 필요하다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.28 no.3 s.51
• /
• pp.576-587
• /
• 1995

Authors purposed to observe activities of occupational health nurses and it's related factors, and to suggest the way that induct better occupational health nurses' activities with questionaire to 87 occupational health nurses who individually work as health manager in the plant. The questionaire included type of plant and number of workers, general characteristics, work conditions, activities, etc. Major findings are as follows. 1. 82.8% of occupational health nurses were third decade. 93.1% graduated junior college or college. And 82.8% were not married. 2. General work conditions: 40.2% were belonged to safety-health section, 98.85% were mere clerks. 60.9% worked less than weekly 44 hours, and an annual salary of 50.6 % was between 10 million and 14 million won. 3. Work condition related to health manager work: there was separated health care room in 94.3%, working period as health manager(occupational health nurse) was less than 5 years in 70.1%, 49.4% had the out-of-health manager work. In 87.4%, occupational physician was appointed, only 6.9% of them were full time, 52.9% of them worked little in the plants. The problems related to workers' health were discussed with industrial nurses in 88.5%. 4. Attitude for their work: 88.5% were thought that their work is important for workers' health care, 57.5% satisfied to work as health manager. In 51.7%, motive to being industrial nurse were the appropriate aptitude. 5. Activities: General medical care in 100% were carried out, in 97.7% works related to general health examination, in 100% works related to special health examination were carried. But works related to use of protective apparatus were carried out in 20.8%. 6. Factors related to level of activities: In cases who solved the health related problems by themselves, the level of activites was significantly higher than in others. In cases there were full time occupational physician, the level of activities was significantly lower. 7. Occupational health nurse's needs: 100% wanted regular education, 89.7% wanted the qualifying examination. As the results, author suggests that the right of self-control is given to occupational health nurses and the work of occupational physician is clearly defined for the induction of the better activities of occupational health nurses.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.12-29
• /
• 2008

Purpose: To develop the standardized record forms for home hospice team members, made up of nurse, doctor, social worker, minister and volunteer, to share information and communicate efficiently in their specialized field. Methods: A methodological study revising and complementing initially developed record forms by obtaining content validity from the experts in each field. Results: Reflecting total 27 experts' opinions, final 11 types of home hospice team documents (registration form, visiting record form for a nurse, initial assessment form for a doctor, progress note for a doctor, initial assessment form for spiritual care, visiting record form for a minister, care note for social worker, visiting record form for a volunteer, final summary note, initial assessment form for bereaved family, and follow-up record form for bereaved family) have been developed. Conclusion: It is believed that this study initiated of effective communication between home hospice team members and enhanced quality of home hospice service and its records.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.503-512
• /
• 2017

The perceived stress of pregnant women is a potential contributor to adverse birth outcomes. Although the importance of the psychosocial well-being of pregnant women has been emphasized, there are fewreliable and valid instruments to measure the stress level of pregnant women in Korea. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of Ahn's pregnancy related stress scale (PSS) that was originally developed in 1984. Two hundred pregnant women completed the survey questionnaire, which was comprised of the PSS, depression scale, and demographic information. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity. The concurrent validity was evaluated using the correlation with depression scores. Based on exploratory factor analysis and a consideration of conceptual meaning, a five-factor structure was extracted, explaining 57.25% of the variance: physical discomfort, fetus, parenting, spouse relationship, and housework. The goodness-of-fit indices showed an acceptable fit overall with the full model and acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha =.89). The concurrent validity was confirmed by a comparing with the depression score (r=.48, p <.001). The shortened PSS, as a valid and reliable scale, is recommended to be used to assess pregnancy-related stress and to develop stress managing interventions for pregnant women in clinical settings.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.251-259
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to compare nurses' job stress, hardness and burnout between general hospitals and advanced general hospitals. Data were obtained through structured questionnaires from 394 nurses(general 198, upgrade general 196) in the C and S city between April and May, 2010. Data analysis was done with independent t test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, Scheffe & Eacute test and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS WIN v 17.0. Job stress, hardness, and burnout of nurses in general hospitals were 2.45, 2.11 and 3.70 respectively. Those in advanced general hospitals were 2.69, 2.70 and 3.70 respectively. Job stress and hardness were significantly higher in general hospitals. There was no significant difference of burnout between general and advanced general hospitals. Burnout of nurses in both hospitals was positively correlated with job stress and negatively correlated with hardness. Further studies are necessary for identify factors influencing job stress of general hospitals. Program for enhancing hardness of nurses in upgrade general hospitals should be developed.