• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.205-217
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• 1993

In order to evalute the effects of radiation on mammalian neuronal system, we have examined the effect of gamma-ray radiation on the monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in monoaminergic neurons. Following the whole body irradiation, MAO activity in the rat brain was measured as well as in the liver for the comparative studies between the neuronal and nonneuronal system. The effects of some radiation protectors and sensitizers were also examined in addition to the $O_2$ effect. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) The MAO activity of rat brain was minimally affected by the radiation dose up to 1,700 cGy Radiation dose above 2,500 cGy inhibited the brain MAO activity by no less than $l0\%.$ MAO-A form was found to be particularly sensitive to radiation. The liver MAO was somewhat inhibited (by about $5\%$) but hardly dependent on the dose of radiation. 2) The inhibitory effect on the brain was initiated immediately by the radiation dose of 2,500 cGy. On the contrary, for the liver, the inhibitory effect became apparent only 2 days after irradiation. 3) Two days after a dose of 2,500 cGy, Vmax and Km of the brain mitochondrial MAO decreased. For liver, Vmax decreased while Km increased, which indicates the kinetic patterns for the neuronal and nonneruronal systems are not affected similarly by radiation. 4) The effect of several known radiation protectors and sensitizers on MAO activity was tested ut no definite results were obtained. The level of -SH group increased in some degree upon radiation but not by the compounds. 5) MAO activity was not affected by $O_2$ concentration, while an elevated level of lipid peroxidase was found under the same condition. The results described here indicate that characteristics of MAO, one of the most important central nervous system enzymes, are liable to radiation, which is partially differentiated from the liver MAO. Also indicated are that the -SH groups are hardly related to the effect of radiation but the production of the lipid peroxide seems to be somewhat correlated to the effect of radiation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.403-409
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• 1993

Between 1988 and 1992, seven patients with overt meningeal leukemia who had received adequate central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis were treated with intermittent craniospinal irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate (IIIC). Follow-up time ranged from 8 months to 41 months with median of 20 months. Three of 7 patients developed subsequent CNS relapse. CNS remission durations were 8, 9, 13, 20, 28, 34, 36 months from diagnosis of CNS leukemia for which IIIC was given. Disease free survival after CNS relapse ranged from 2 to 36 months with median of 11 months. Overall survival after CNS relapse ranged from 8 to 41 months with median of 28 months. Five patients died of sepsis and bleeding secondary to bone marrow relapse. Two patients are alive at present. But they developed recurrent CNS disease 10 to 11 months after completion of IIIC. To improve the outcome, modification of IIIC by reduction of rest period and prolonged administration of intrathecal chemotherapy after completion of IIIC are required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.132-132
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• 1993

정상세포의 암세포로의 전환에 수반하는 세포표면상에 당구조 변화가 주목을 받고 있으며 이에 탄수화물이 세포간의 상호작용, 성장 등에 중요한 역할을 하리라고 생각된다. 따라서, 당구조 변화를 야기 시키는 당분해소효소나 전이활성 효소의 활성이 주요한 임상적 지표가 될 수 있다. 또한 천연물에서 유래된 다당류 등이 면역증강 효과를 나타내면서 항종양 효과를 보여준다. 이와같은 일을 원활히 수행하기 위해서는 당을 분석하는 기술이 필요하다. 당을 분석하는 방법으로 많이 이용된 것 중의 하나가 유도체를 만들어 GC에 의해서 확인하는 것이고 또한 당은 chromophore가 없기 때문에 굴절율의 검출기를 이용한 HPLC에 의해서도 분석이 가능하다. HPLC에 의한 또 다른 방법으로 당의 환원당 말단에 형광기를 결합시켜 감도를 매우 높게하여 역상 칼람을 이용해 당을 분리할 수 있다. 환원당에 결합시킬 수 있는 물질로는 대부분 amine기를 띄고 있고 결합하여 형광을 나타내는 특징을 지니고 있다. 본 연구는 형광기를 결합시켜 전기영동과 HPLC에 의해 동시에 추적이 가능한 물질을 결합시켜서 분석을 용이하게 한 방법을 이용하여 단당류를 $C_{18}$ column에 의해서 분리하였고 또한 모델로서 면역증강제로 사용되는 운지버섯 및 영지버섯 다당류와 생약에서 분리한 지유의 당을 분석하였다. 현재까지의 결과로 가장 좋은 방법은 $C_{18}$-->phenyl column을 연결하여 isocratic 방법으로 분리하였을 때이었다. 버섯의 당은 대부분이 glucose로 이루어졌고 지유는 arabinose가 주 구성성분이었다. 위의 분석 기술을 이용하면 피코몰 범위내에서 정확한 구조를 가진 항암효과의 올리고당 및 암세포의 발현에 따른 당단백질의 당의 구조를 규명하는데 도움을 줄 수 있다.aeonol이 aspirin과 같거나 강한 사망 억제 효과가 있었다.cyclopropyl-7-(2-furanyl) -6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 4), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-thiophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 6) ,1-cyclopropyl-7-(3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 8), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 10)를 합성하였다.10^{－7}$ M)에 의한 단백인산화에 대하여는 더 미약한 억제-효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과는 PDE-1과 항우울약들의 항혈소판작용은 PKC-기질인 41-43 kD와 20 kD의 인산화를 억제함에 기인되는 것으로 사료된다.다. 것으로 사료된다.다.바와 같이 MCl에서 작은 Dv 값을 갖는데, 이것은 CdCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ 착이온을 형성하거나 ZnCl$_{4}$$^{2-}$ , ZnCl$_{3}$$^{-}$같은 이온과 MgCl$^{+}$, MgCl$_{2}$같은 이온종을 형성하기 때문인것 같다. 한편 어떠한 용리액에서던지 NH$_{4}$$^{+}$의 경우 Dv값이 제일 작았다. 바. 본 연구의 목적중의 하나인

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2005

Purpose : To evaluate the voices of irradiated patients with early glottic carcinoma and to compare these with the voices of healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods : The voice samples (sustained vowel) of seventeen male patients who had been irradiated for T1a glottic squamous carcinoma at least 1 year prior to the study were analyzed with objective voice analyzer (acoustic voice analysis, aerodynamic test, and videostroboscopic analysis) and compared with those of a normal group of twenty age- and sex-matched volunteers. Average fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonic ratio were obtained for acoustic voice analysis. Maximal phonation time, mean flow rate, intensity, subglottic pressure, glottal resistance, glottal efficiency, and glottal power were obtained for aerodynamic test. Results : The irradiated group presented higher values of shimmer in acoustic voice analysis. There was no significant difference between two groups in other parameters. Conclusion : In this study all the objective voice parameters except shimmer were no4 significantly different between the irradiated group and the control group. These results suggest that the voice quality is minimally affected by radiation therapy for 71 a glottic carcinoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.221-225
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• 2000

Purpose : This study was designed to examine the reliability of the new version of the AJCC staging system (1997) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in comparison with the AJCC staging system of 1992. Materials and Methods :Between 1983 and 1996, 185 patients with histologically proven nasopnaryngeal carcinoma were treated with radiation therapy at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology Seoul National University Hospital. For these patients, AJCC staging system of 1992 was compared with the 1997 version by reviewing hospital records, computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results :5-year overall suwival rates according to the 1992 and 1997 AJCC staging systems were 100$\%$, and 100$\%$ at stage 1: 100$\%$, and 68.8$\%$ at stage 11; 61.4$\%$, and 63.8$\%$ at stage 111; 61.1$\%$, and 63.2$\%$ at stage IV. S-year overall survival rates of each classification showed significant differences between stages (p=0.0049 for the old version, p=0.01 for the new), but no significant difference was found between the staging systems except at stage 11. Conclusion : The new AJCC staging system allows staging as reliably as the 1992 version, but the adequacy of the newly modified staging classification should be confirmed by further clinical examination.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 1990

To establish basic techniques for protoplast fusion of Coriolus versicolor several factors affecting protoplast formation and regeneration were investigated. Protoplast isolation was at maximum with 2.5-day cultured mycelia of C. versicolor treated with the combination of two enzymes, Novozym 234 (10 mg/ml) and cellulase Onozuka R-10 (15 mg/ml), for 3-4.5 hours at $30^{\circ}C.$ As an osmotic stabilizer for stabilizing the protoplast, 0.6 M sucrose was the best for formation and regeneration of the protoplast from the mycelia of the fungus and the regeneration frequency was 3.48%. Protoplast fusion was made by a modified method of Peberdy using PEG (M.W. 4,000). The fusion frequency between two mutants of C. versicolor was 1.86% and the fusion products showed differences in growth rate and colony morphology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1133-1138
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• 2010

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between expression of VEGF, HIF-$1{\alpha}$, E-cadherin, and p53 and pathologic stage. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the 101 patients who underwent surgery of thyroid nodules from 2000 to 2007. Expression of VEGF, HIF-$1{\alpha}$, E-cadherin, and p53 were examinated immunohistochemically. Papillary thyroid carcinoma in this study included 54 cases of more than 45 years old. Each expression of VEGF, HIF-$1{\alpha}$, E-cadherin, and p53 was analysed. Only expression loss of E-cadherin was associated with the stage. High HIF-1 expression was significantly associated with VEGF immunoreactivity (p<0.05). Expression loss of E-cadherin was independent unfavorable factors. It is suggested that high HIF-$1{\alpha}$ expression may be associated with intratumoral neovascularization possibly through HIF-VEGF pathway.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2012

Background: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion is administered primarily for management of acquired bleeding disorders. However, in practice, FFP transfusion is increasing without a solid rationale. Methods: We conducted an audit to evaluate the appropriateness of the indications for FFP transfusion during the period from July 2010 through June 2011. Assessment of the appropriateness of the indications was based on the national transfusion guidelines and the transfusion criteria promulgated by the Severance Hospital. Results: In total, 17,733 units of plasma were transfused to 1,949 patients over 4,982 events. We found that administration of FFP was not in compliance with the recommended guidelines in 1,990 events. The number of total FFP transfusions was higher in medical departments (Gastroenterology) than in surgical departments (Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, General surgery). However, the proportion of cases of inappropriate transfusion was higher in surgical departments than in medical departments. Both the total number of FFP transfusion and the proportion of inappropriate transfusion were high in patient with neoplasm, disease of the digestive system, and diseases of the circulatory system. Conclusion: Continuous monitoring on appropriateness for FFP transfusion and feedback to the physician are critical in securing the transfusion safety as well as maintaining the quality of FFP transfusion. New-found indication for FFP transfusion should be investigated and applied in timely manner.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2018

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive resource for refractory patients because of their anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory capability and multi-lineage differentiation potential. The transplantation of MSCs has led to positive results in preclinical and clinical application to various diseases, including autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, liver cirrhosis, and ischemic stroke. On the other hand, studies have shown that paracrine factors, not direct cell replacement for damaged cells or tissue, are the main contributors in MSC-based therapy. More recently, evidence has indicated that MSC-derived exosomes play crucial roles in regulating the paracrine factors that can mediate tissue regeneration via transferring nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids to the local microenvironment and cell-to-cell communication. The use of these exosomes is likely to be beneficial for the therapeutic application of MSCs because their use can avoid harmful effects, such as tumor formation involved in cell transplantation. Therefore, therapeutic applications using MSC-derived exosomes might be safe and efficient strategies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review summarizes the recent advances and provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of MSC-derived exosomes as a therapeutic agent.

• The Journal of KAIRB
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate a satisfaction survey of untact education and platforms that can be used for untact education to provide recommendations on future development of Education of Persons Conducting Clinical Trials. Methods: Online survey was distributed among students who have taken Untact Education of Persons Conducting Clinical Trials. The result was separated according to topic and descriptive statistics was used for analysis. The satisfaction survey used 10-point scale. Results: Of the 1,720 students who received the survey, 1,347 (78.3%) responded to the lecture satisfaction survey. The satisfaction level for broadcasting program (Kakao TV), an untact educational platform for the education of clinical trial workers at Kyung Hee University Medical Center, was relatively high with 8.09±1.99 points. Average score respondents recommending Kyung Hee University Untact Education of Persons Conducting Clinical Trials was 8.03±1.83 and customer recommendation score (Net Promotor Score) was 27.1%. Satisfaction level of the preferred training time was divided into weekday-morning (8-11 AM) (8.16±1.75), weekday-afternoon (12-4 PM) (7.73±2.07), weekday-evening (5-9 PM) (7.78±2.22), and weekend-morning (9-11 AM) real-time untact education (8.48±1.76) and analyzed. There was a noticeable difference between weekend-morning and weekday-afternoon (p<0.0001) and weekend-morning and weekday-evening (p=0.0001) real-time untact education. When asked about conducting education after COVID-19 pandemic ends, 79.2% (1,012 of 1,279) of the respondents answered that they prefer real-time untact education while 20.8 % (266 of 1,279) preferred face-to-face education. Conclusion: Online education, without time and space constraint, is expected to be the mainstream market in Korea for Education of Persons Conducting Clinical. Kyung Hee University Untact Education of Persons Conducting Clinical has achieved above average satisfaction using Kakao TV. Kyung Hee University Real-time Untact Education of Persons Conducting Clinical Net Promotor Score is 27.1%, which is above industry average, communication with trainees should be considered to improve Net Promotor Score.