• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 1997

1990젼 3월부터 1991년 2월까지 전라북도 군산시 내초도 연안에 서식하는 동죽의 성장을 조사하였다. 1.조사해역의 연간 수온분포는 2.0-26.3$^{\circ}C$이고, 간석지 온도는 0.7-36.2$^{\circ}C$이었다. 2. 동죽의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 연 1회 형성되며 윤문 형성시기는 3-4월로 조사되었다. 3. 초륜 형성기간은 9개월(0.75년)로 나타났다. 4. 각장(SL: mm)과 체중(TW: G)간의 관계는 TW=1.090 x $10^{-4}$ S $L^{3.2798}$( $r^{2}$=0.99)이었으며, 각장과 각고(SH:mm)간의 관계는 SH=0.865 SL + 0.250( $r^{2}$=0.99)이고, 각장과 각폭(SW: mm) 간의 관계는 SW=0.599 SL - 0.203 ( $r^{2}$=0.98; 각장 22 mm미만), SW=0.724 SL - 2.796( $r^{2}$=0.91; 각장 22 mm이상)이었다.5. 연령(t)에 대한 각장(S $L_{t}$ )의 Bertalanffy성장식은 $L_{t}$ =51.399(1- $e^{0.585}$8(t+0.064)이고, 연령(t)에 대한 체중 (T $W_{t}$ )의 Bertalanffy성장식은 $W_{t}$ =44.467(1- $e^{0.585}$8(t+0.064)$^{3}$로 나타났다.타났다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.614-619
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• 1996

Seasonal of gen consumption of surfclam, Mactra veneriformis in Kunsan coastal area had been measured under seasonal ambient temperature condition from January to December 1994. Samples were collected monthly and divided into two groups by shell length of 2 cm (1 year class) and 3 cm (2 year class). The effects of temperature $(15,\;20\;and\;25^{\circ}C)$ and salinity $(10,\;20\;and\;30\%_{\circ})$ showed that oxygen consumption decreased with the lower temperature and salinity. Seasonal changes of oxygen consumption in surfclam varied with ambient temperature; it was showed below $0.5mg{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ winter season and $1.93\~2.44\;mg{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ in summer season. The difference of oxygen consumption in two groups was appeared markdly in summer season. The relationship between oxygen consumption and the seasonal ambient temperature were obtained exponential equation as $Y=e^{-1.6312+0.0879X}$ for 2 cm group and $Y=e^{-2.2366+0.0994X}$ for 3 cm group. The slop of regression line between two groups was not significant, and so there was no difference in patterns of the oxygen consumption between two groups.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1974

The results from the experiment of natural collection and growth of arkshell(Anadara broughtoni, SCHRENCK) spat, which was collected at Seok-gok Bay located at Chang-weon-gun, Korea, and grown in the 1ittoral zone of Sa-gok-ri, Geo-je-gun, Korea, beginning from August 1,1973 to April 8,1974 are as follows; The larvae of arkshell came out from the very first day of the study August 1, which continued till the end of September, whose amount was not so much varied, but relatively continuous. The drifting larvae were also rather small amount, from which some 200 to 400 larvae were attached through the respective collecting equipment made from straw with the dimension of length 1.5m and breadth 12cm. It is regarded relatively large amount collected and recognised worth while enough to use as the industrial collecting method. The average shell length of spat attached was 0.54mm on 17th September, 4.11mm on 21st October, 10.47mm on 25th November in 1973 and 11.08mm on 8th April in 1974 whose progress was recognized relatively faster, comparing with the other up-to date report, The relationship between the shell length(L) and the longest radial rib(R) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.7393 L -0.0080 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.8253 L-0.2595 And the relationship between the shell length (L) and the shell breadth (B) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.3505 L +0.0527 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.4631 L -0.3602 The exponential curve equation between shell length (L) and the total weight (W)was as follows : Below 16mm of the shell length: W=0.19957 $L^{2.5726}$ Above 16mm of the shell length: W=0.20602 $L^{2.8400}$ In view of the above the relative growth among the shell length, the longest radial rib and the shell breadth was changed in the vicinity of 2.5mm of the shell length. And relationship between the shell length and the total weight was changed in the vicinity of 16mm of the shell length.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.48
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• pp.20-23
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• 2007

김해시가 장유면 '장유쓰레기소각장'의 열병합발전시설을 ESCO사업으로 진행, 연간 6억원의 예산절감을 할 것으로 보여 주목된다. 특히 이 시설은 전력과 온수를 동시에 생산하게 되어 고유가시대에 에너지 이용 효율을 높이고, 에너지비용을 절감할 수 있는 이점 때문에 앞으로 각 지방자치단체에 그 파급효과가 클 것으로 기대되고 있다.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 1997

Larval growth of the oyster, Crassostrea nippona, was investigated at the different conditions such as water volume, depth of culture vessel and initiative feeding time at $23^{\circ}C$. As a result, morphological changes were occurred during the early larval growth. That is, shell length was higher than shell height at the time of D-shaped larvae. Later, the length became equal to the hight when their shell length reached $127\mum$and then shell height increased rapidly. Some of pediveliger larvae with the size of $360\mum\;in\;shell\;length\;and\;385\mum$ in shell height began to temporarily settle on the substrate after 18 days. The result also indicated that the depth of culture vessel turned out to be an important factor rather than water volume for the larval growth. The fist feeding time of oyster larvae appeared to be the first day after fertilization.

• Korean Aquaculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.52-65
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• 2002

비단가리비의 인공 종묘 생산을 목적으로 전라남도 신안군 대흑산도 주변에 서식하는 비단가리비를 대상으로 인공 종묘 생산을 위한 산란 유발, 수정란의 발생 과정, 유생 사육, 채묘 및 중간 육성 등 양식 생물학적 연구를 실시하였다. 어미의 각종 산란 유발 자극에 대한 반응은 Serotonin 주사, 온도 자극, 혼합 자극에서 반응율이 가장 높았으며, 자외선 조사 해수 자극은 수컷만 반응을 하였고 간출 자극은 반응이 없어 실효성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 수정란의 크기는 $69.5{\mu}m$이었고, 수정 후 약 2시간에 2 세포기, 8시간 후에 8 세포기, 20시간 후에는 담륜자 유생으로 부화하였으며 40시간 후에는 D상 유생으로 되었다. 수온별 비단가리비 유생의 성장은 수온 $20^{\circ}C$에서 각장 $178.9{\mu}m$로 가장 좋았으며, 이 때의 생존율은 15.5%이었다. 그러나 수온 $15^{\circ}C$에서는 낮은 성장을 보여 각장 $135.9{\mu}m$로 성장하였으며, 생존율도 9.8%로 저조하였다. 수용 밀도별 사육 시험에서 $1m{\ell}$당 1개체와 5개체에서 성장 및 생존율이 양호하여 성장 및 생존율을 볼 때 적정 사육 밀도는 $1m{\ell}$당 5개체 이하로 나타났다. 먹이 생물 종류에 따른 유생의 성장을 알기 위하여 I, gal-baba, C, calcitrans, N, oculata를 단독 또는 혼합으로 공급하였을 때 실험 종료후 각장의 성장은 I, galbana+C. calcitrans+N. oculata구가 $194.2{\mu}$로 가장 좋았고 N. oculata구는 $162.2{\mu}m$로 가장 낮은 성장을 보였다. 생존율에서는 I. galbana+C. calcitransoculata구는 9.4%로 가장 낮은 생존율을 보였다. 채묘기별 유생의 부착률은 염화비닐판을 수평으로 놓은 것과 패각이 각각 3.43%와 3.17%로 가장 양호하였으나, 양파망과 염화비닐판을 수직으로 놓은 것은 각각 1.52%와 1.61%로 비교적 저조하였다. 수정 후 40일째부터 90일째까지 측정한 부착치패의 경과 일수에 따른 각장의 성장은 $SL=184.44e^{0.0335X}(r^2=0.9861)$의 회귀직선식으로서 나타났다. 중간육성 시험에서 수심별 성장을 분석한 결과, 비단가리비 치패는 저층보다 표층이 각장 5.92mm, 전중량 6.07g 정도 더 빨리 성장하였다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.593-598
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• 1986

The growth of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata was compared between two areas, Hansan Bay and Ilkwang located in southern part and in southeast part of Korean waters respectively, from November 1984 to June 1986. The pearl oysters in Hansan Bay grew from 2.53cm to 6.07 cm in shell length in 17 months, while those in Ilkwang grew from 2.53 cm to 4.07 cm in 19 momths. Shell height, shell breadth and total weight of the pearl oysters in Hansan Bay also showed more rapid growth than those in Ilkwang. The relative growth of shell breadth to shell length in specimens between Hansan Bay and Ilkwang showed a significant difference indicating that the value in Ilkwang is bigger than that in Hansan Bay, It is also suggested that Hansan Bay is a good area for the growth and Ilkwang, an area worth wintering of the pearl oyster.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

To establish technical development for artificial seed production, growth and survival for early young spats of the hard clam, Meretrix petechialis, were investigated by breeding methods. Adult clams were collected at Hasa-ri, Baeksu-eup, Yeonggwang-gun, Jeollanam-do on July 13, 2010, and then transported to the indoor aquarium at the laboratory. Eggs which were taken from mother clams, were inseminated, and after they were fertilized in the aquarium, 60 million bottom-clinging spats ($198{\pm}12{\mu}m$ in shell length) were produced and bred. The breeding experiments were carried out from July 16 to October 4, 2010 for 80 days. The methods of sand box, sand bottom circulation filter, inclosing net, floor were used for the breeding experiments, and the experimental condition of sea water temperature for larvae were at 25, 28, 31, $34^{\circ}C$. Four marine cultured food organisms were used for this study as follows: Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros gracilis, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Tetraselmis tetrathele. According to the experimental conditions, experimental groups of the spats in the early stage were investigated the growth rate and the survival. As the result, the method of the inclosing net section was the fastest (grew up to $2.64{\pm}0.59{\mu}m$ in shell length), followed by sandbox ($2.59{\pm}0.64{\mu}m$, bottom circulating filter ($2.56{\pm}0.52{\mu}m$), and floor ($2.52{\pm}0.56{\mu}m$). The survival was the highest in the experimental condition of sandbox (35.9%), followed by floor (34.6%), bottom circulating filter (29.5%), and inclosing net (9.3%). Eexperimental condition of water temperature of $34^{\circ}C$ showed the fastest growth rate (grew up to $2.70{\pm}0.76{\mu}m$ in shell length), and showed the latest growth rate (grew up to $2.45{\pm}0.41{\mu}m$ in shell length) at $25^{\circ}C$. The survival (%) was the highest under the water temperature conditions at $31^{\circ}C$, and showed the lowest (14.2%) at $34.^{\circ}C$. The growth rate of the experimental group fed the mixture live food was the fastest with shell length $2.52{\pm}0.66{\mu}m$, and that of experimental group fed P. tricornutum showed the latest (grew up to $2.29{\pm}0.43{\mu}m$ in shell length). The survival was the highest (36.9%) under the experiment condition fed mixture live food and experimental group fed T. tetrathele showed the lowest rate (16.2%).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1969

The larvae of the ark shell Anadare broughtoni(Schrenck) were grown at room temporature (approximately $20.4^{\circ}C$), and fed laboratory-cultured Cyclotella nana. The egg of the ark shell produced in the laboratory measured about $54.9\mu$ in diameter. The embryos gradually developed into larvae up to $110.8\mu$ shell length, $83.9\mu$ shell height and with shell breadth of $58.2\mu$ even in the absence of the algal food. Beyond this sire, however, the growth of the larvae was considerably retarded. The larvae showed better growth rate when they were fed the algal food two days after spawning, i. e., early straight-hinge stage. Daily rate of food consumption varies according to the larval sizes. But the rate increases considerably when the larvae begin to form umbos. In general the rate Is indicated by the following formula: $Y=0.0025161\;X^{2.76459}$. The growth experiments of the larvae indicate that the efficiency of food conversion was higher when fed centrifuged food. Regarding to the difference in the slopes of growth curve, centrifuged food showed better growth rate as compared to those grown with the non-centrifuged food. The smaller the larval size, the greater will be the difference in growth. The larvae began settling when they reathed 261.7 to $289.6\;{\mu}$ in shell length, 199.2 to $221.7\mu$ in shell height and 147.6 to $170.8\mu$ in shell breadth. The time which elapsed from spawning to the larval settlement was about 28 days. The mean growth of the larvae is indicated with regression line and exponential curve equations as follows. Regression line shell length. 94.3 to $133.9\mu$ : Y==85.22857+3.35000X 141.6 to $269.3\mu$: Y=10.83036X-36.05357 296.8 to $373.2\mu$ : Y=19.10000X-279.30000 shell height: 72.7 to $89.7\mu$ : Y=67.11429+2.15714X 108.4 to $206.4\mu$ : Y=8.31607X-27.45357 228.6 to $282.1\mu$: Y=173.46700+13.37500X shell breadth: 45.3 to $77.8\mu$ : Y=38.08510X+2.73570X 87.4 to $157.7\mu$: Y=5.77320X-5.99640 175.4 to $214.0\mu$: Y=19.65000X-114.13300 Exponential curve shell length. 94.3 to $373.2\mu$: Y=72.45 $e^{0.04697x}$ shell height: 72.7 to $282.1\mu$: Y=54,96 $e^{0.04720x}$ shell breadth: 45.3 to $214.0\mu$ : Y=39.82 $e^{0.04927x}$ The relationships between the shell length and shell height and between the shell length and shell breadth are indicated as follows- shell height: 72.7 to $98.7\mu$ : Y=12.87780+0.63817X 108.4 to $206.4\mu$ : Y=0.90220+0.76456X 228.6 to $282.1\mu$ : Y=25.02630+0.69156X shell breadth: 45.3 to $77.8\mu$:Y=0.81373Xx-31.18914 87.4 to $157.7\mu$ : Y=13.37549+0.53230X 175.4 to $214.0\mu$: Y=30.24328+0.49545X

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.522-523
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• 2000

우리나라에서 건강식품으로 널리 알려져 있는 참전복은 불로장수의 식품으로 널리 애용되고 있을 뿐만 아니라 발암억제 물질인 paolin을 함유하고 있어, 세계적으로 상품가치가 인정되고 있다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고 참전복 부착치패의 성장 및 생존율 제고는 아직까지도 해결되어야 할 문제로 남아 있는 실정이다. 참전복 부착치패의 먹이선택성 및 유인성에 관한 기존의 연구를 보면 Viana et al. (1994)은 평균 각장 4.2 cm인 치패를 이용하여 배합사료의 9가지 원료에 대한 유연성을, Harada and Kawasaki (1982)는 각장 2.4 cm 이상인 치패를 대상으로 해조류 3종(미역, 톳, 파래)의 유인효과에 관하여 보고하였다. 그러나 이와 같은 보고들은 전복 종묘생산 현장에서 보다 빠른 시기에 박리하여 해조로 먹이 전환을 하기 위한 노력과는 어느 정도의 거리가 있다고 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에 있어서는 평균 각장 5.0$\pm$1.0 mm인 치패를 박리하여 Navicula spp., 해조 2종(다시마, 파래) 및 자체 제조한 사료를 공급하여 먹이별 유인효과를 관찰하였다. (중략)