• Title/Summary/Keyword: 가연성

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Measurement and Prediction of the Lower flash Point for n-Propanol+n-Decane System Using the Tag Open-Cup Apparatus (Tag 개방식 장치를 이용한 n-Propanol+n-Decane 계의 하부인화점 측정 및 예측)

  • Ha Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.20 no.2 s.70
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    • pp.162-168
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    • 2005
  • The lower flash points for the n-propanol+n-decane flammable mixture were measured by the Tag open-cup apparatus(ASTM D 1310). The experimental results of mixture exhibited the lower flash point than those of pure component in the flash point versus composition curve. The experimental value of the minimum flash point is $27^{\circ}C$ at a mole fraction of n-propanol of 0.71, and the flash point of n-propanol was $28^{\circ}C$. The experimentally obtained data were compared with the values that had been calculated by use of the prediction model, which assumes an ideal solution, and the flash point prediction models based on the van Laar equation were used to estimate the activity coefficients. The predictive curve based on an ideal solution deviated from the experimental data for this system. The experimental results demonstrate a close agreement with the predicted curves, which used the van Laar equation. The average absolute deviation(A.A.D.) from using the van Lau equation is $0.83^{\circ}C$. The methodology proposed here in this paper can thus be applied to incorporate an inherently safer design for chemical processes, such as determining safe storage and handling conditions for flammable solutions.

Prediction of Temperature Dependence of Explosion Limits and Interrelationship of Explosion Characteristics for Akylketones (알킬케톤류의 폭발 특성치 간의 상관관계 및 폭발한계의 온도의존성 예측)

  • Ha Dong-Myeong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.10 no.2 s.31
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2006
  • In order to evaluate the fire and explosion involved and to ensure the safe and optimized operation of chemical processes, it is necessary to know combustion characteristics. The explosion limit, the heat of combustion, flame temperature and temperature dependence of the lower explosive limit are the major combustion characteristics used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of the flammable substances. The aim of this study is to investigate interrelationship of explosion characteristics and the temperature dependence of the lower explosion limit at elevated temperature for akylketones. By using the reference data, the empirical equations which describe the interrelationships of explosion properties of akylketones have been derived. Also, the new equations using the mathematical and statistical methods for predicting the temperature dependence of lower explosion limits of akylketones on the basis of the literature data are proposed. The values calculated by the proposed equations agreed with literature data within a few percent. From the given results, using the proposed methodology, it is possible to predict the explosion limits of the other flammable substances.

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CFD Simulation Study to analyze the Dispersion and Explosion of Combustible Gas (CFD를 이용한 가연성 가스의 확산 및 폭발 Simulation)

  • Jang, Chang-Bong;Lee, Hyang-Jik;Lee, Min-Ho;Min, Dong-Chul;Back, Jong-Bae;Ko, Jae Wook;Kwon, Hyuck-Myun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.58-65
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    • 2012
  • Various models are currently applied to predict the dispersion of leaked combustible gas and overpressure from a vapor cloud explosion(VCE). However, those models use simple approaches where topography and barriers of anti-leakage facilities and the effects of buildings were not sufficiently taken into considerations. For this reason, this study has proposed the dispersion process of leaked gas, distribution patterns, and flames and overpressure generated from gas explosions in 2D and 3D virtual spaces by reviewing more accurately analyzable computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model by considering various variables including combustion types of leaked substances, geometry of facility, warm currents, barriers, the influence of wind, and others. The CFD analysis results are anticipated to be usefully applied for the risk analysis of explosion and for the risk-based design.

A Study on the Explosion Characteristics of by Product Gas of Carbon Black Manufacturing Process (카본블랙 제조 부생가스의 폭발 특성연구)

  • Oh Kyu-Hyung;Lee Sung-Eun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.10 no.3 s.32
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    • pp.60-64
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    • 2006
  • Explosion range and explosion characteristics of by product gas from carbon black manufacturing process were studied. About 75% of the by product gas were composed with water vapour and nitrogen. And the combustible component in the gas were hydrogen, methane, acetylene and carbon mono-oxide. Because of the combustible components in the by product gas there are explosion hazards in the gas handling process. Explosion range of the gas by experiment was from 17.1% to 70.7% and the value has considerable difference with the calculated value from Lechatelier law. Explosion pressure of the gas was $5.4kg/cm^2$ and the average explosion pressure rise rate was $39.2kg/cm^2/s$. Based on the experimental result we can expect that a explosion or fire accident during the handling the gas can make a severe loss, therefore there should be a explosion prevention or protection measures in the gas handling process.

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Hazard analysis for electrostatic of Electrostatic removing wear about combustible gas (가연성가스에 대한 정전기 대전방지복의 정전기 위험성 평가)

  • Chung jae hee;Seo dae won;Koo ja hyeuk;Lee yuung chul;Cho byung hak;Park sung soo;Rew keun chang;Hong Seong-Gyeong;Kim Jun-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.4 no.2 s.10
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 2000
  • As a result of electrostatic hazard analysis of electrostatic removing wear about combustible gas, in accordance with using period, character of charge voltage is shown that propensity is increased. but character of electrostatic charge amount is below standard(0.6 $\mu$C) of the hazard of electrostatic removing wear, It would seem that character of charge voltage is raised because of swelling phenomenon of the normal fiber and other phenomena. Besides, In some case '96 parka of electrostatic removing wear shown as 0.82$\mu$C that exceed the uppermost limit of the fire and explosion. Therefore, countermeasure or improvement and control are needed.

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A Study on the Development and Accuracy Improvement of an IR Combustible Gas Leak Detector with Explosion Proof (방폭형 적외선 가연성가스 누출검지기 개발 및 정확도 향상 연구)

  • Park, Gyou-Tae;Lyu, Geun-Jun;Jo, Young-Do;Kwon, Jeong-Rock;Ahn, Sang-Guk;Kim, Hie-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, we developed an explosion proof type and portable combustible gas leak detector and proposed an algorithm to improve the accuracy for measuring gaseous concentrations. The nation's first we developed an infrared gas leak detector with explosion proof standard(Ex d ib) and improved measuring accuracy by using linearization recursion equation and 2nd Lagrange interpolation polynomial. Together, we advanced their performances and added their easy functions after investigating field demands. To compare our and other company's detectors, we performed measurement tests with eight standard gases made by Korea Gas Safety Corporation. We demonstrated the excellence of our instruments in measuring accuracy other than detecters through experimental results.

Analysis of Gas Flow Behavior with Experiments for LPG releasing and 3D Mapping of Gas Sensor (LPG 누출 및 가스센서 3D Mapping을 통한 가스유동현상 분석)

  • Kim, Jeong Hwan;Lee, Min-Kyung;Kil, Seong-Hee;Lee, Jin-han;Jo, Young-do;Moon, Jong-Sam
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 2017
  • Release and fire/explosion tests of flammable gas are extremely dangerous. Furthermore, it is difficult to select the site where the experiment can be performed. In these reasons, gas flow analysis(CFD) has been used as much as possible. However, with the opening of the Energy Safety Empirical Research Center in Yeongwol-gun, Gangwon-do in October 2016, it was possible to conduct releases and detection tests of small scale combustible gas as well as large scale / high pressure / ultra low temperature experiments. In this study, LPG leaked after the calibration and placement of the sensor, the sensor detected LPG and the data were visualized as a contour map. And the differences between the actual release(28s, max 3.7[m]) and the analysis were analyzed compared to the FLACS analyzed under the same conditions.

A Study on the Evaporation and Distribution Velocity a Volatile Mixtures (가연성 혼합액체의 증발 및 분포 속도에 관한 연구)

  • An, Hyung-Whan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2014
  • This study is based on a investigation regarding the evaporation rate of a volatile liquid(methanol, tetrahydrofuran, xylene) according to changes of the temperature and wind. The weight of a volatile liquid was standardized to 24 g and the mixture was formed with the same weight ratio. In order to discover about the effect of the wind velocity, small fan was installed at 10 cm above the entrance and 30 cm away in the direction of the cylinder. The effect of the wind velocity was tested at 0 m/s, 1.63 m/s, 2.03 m/s respectively and the effect of the temperature on the volatile liquid was experimented at the temperature of $21^{\circ}C$, $32^{\circ}C$, $52^{\circ}C$ in the constant temperature water base. As a result, in case of Xylene, the evaporation rate of the tetrahydrofuran and methanol showed 1.4 mg/min, 19.8 mg/min and 10.2 mg/min respectively. Also, the effect of the evaporation rate on the temperature of the volatile liquid and on the velocity of wind was shown to be very sensitive. At the same time, the evaporation rate of the mixture showed large difference compared to that of the single volatile liquid.

The physicochemical characteristics of manufactured RPF by industrial combustibility waste (사업장 가연성폐기물로 제조된 RPF의 물리화학적 특성)

  • Ryu, Young-Bok;Kim, Yang-Do;Kang, Min-Su;Lee, Gang-Woo;Shon, Byung-Hyun;Lee, Man-Sig
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.234-241
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    • 2010
  • Industrial combustible waste is very valuable source for refuse derived solid fuel since its heating value is usually over 3,000kcal/kg. Especially, synthetic high molecular compound which is high of productivity and heating value is used as raw material in many cases. Film type plastic has been widely used for producing RPF because their shaping is easy and they has high heating value. On the other hand, the possibility of various type of waste as a source for RPF in this study. It has been found that resin compound drived and tire derived solid fuel showed more than 6,000kcal/kg of heating value. But the heating value decreased by adding paper and wood waste.

A Study on Fire Risk of Multi-family Apartment Houses Constructed with the Exterior of the EIFS (외단열시스템 외장재로 시공된 다세대 공동주택의 화재위험에 관한 연구)

  • Min, Se-Hong
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.60-65
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    • 2013
  • EIFS system has the merit of low construction cost and shortening of construction period by easy-to-construct. For such reasons as mentioned above, it has been using across the board such as residential building, school, officetel, building remodeling and so on. It, however, has a drawback of generating plenty of combustible gases from styrofoam which is main material of it. In this regard, measures to prevent losses of life from combustible gases are needed urgently as fires on residential buildings applied EIFS caused human casualties resulted from combustible gases. With respect to the above, this study will analyze the risk of fires on residential facilities, such as multi-family apartment houses, schools and other buildings, applied EIFS which is the most frequently used as material of exterior wall and suggest countermeasure of it.