• Title/Summary/Keyword: 가소성 알칼리

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The Strength Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortars by Combined Caustic Alkali with Sodium Carbonate as Activator (가성알칼리와 탄산나트륨을 혼합한 활성화제를 사용한 알칼리 활성화 고로슬래그 모르타르의 강도 특성)

  • Kim, Tae-Wan
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.745-752
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    • 2012
  • This paper studies the effect of the compressive strength for combined alkali-activated slag mortars. The effect of activators such as alkali type and dosage factor on the strength was investigated. The alkalis combinations made using five caustic alkalis (sodium hydroxide (NaOH, A series), calcium hydroxide ($Ca(OH)_2$, B series), magnesium hydroxide ($Mg(OH)_2$, C series), aluminum hydroxide ($Al(OH)_3$, D series), and potassium hydroxide (KOH, E series)) with sodium carbonate ($Na_2CO_3$) were evaluated. The mixtures were combined in different dosage at 1M, 2M, and 3M. The study results showed that the compressive strength of combined alkali-activated slag mortars tended to increase with increasing sodium carbonate. The strength of combined alkali-activated slag mortars was better than that of control cases (without sodium carbonate). The result from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed that there were reaction products of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and alumina-silicate gels from combined alkali-activated slag specimens.

An Experimental Study on the Treatment of Waste Ash from the Incinerator by Alkali Soluble Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion (알칼리 용해성 아크릴계 수분산 중합체를 사용한 소각로 비산재의 처리에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Hack-Yong;Choi, Sang-Reung;Noh, Jae-Ho;Heo, Hyung-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 2010
  • The treatment of heavy metal, in the waste ash from incinerator and mine solid waste, by using alkali-soluble acrylic copolymer emulsion, that is effective in the absorption of heavy metal has been studied. It seemed that alkali soluble acrylic copolymer emulsion was very effective in the absorption of Hg, Pb, Cd and Cu in this test. Also, eco-friendly thixotropic grout, using alkali soluble acrylic copolymer emulsion, that is effective in the absorption of heavy metal, for the recycling of waste ash from incinerator and mine solid waste has been tested. It was observed that waste ash could be used as a raw material of eco-friendly thixotropic grout mortar due to the effectiveness of alkali soluble acrylic copolymer emulsion in the fixation of heavy metals including $Cr^{6+}$ from waste ash in this test.

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A hydrogen ion-selective membrane electrode based on N,N,N,N-Tetrabenzylethylenediamine as neutral carrier (N,N,N,N-Tetrabenzylethylenediamine 중성운반체를 이용한 수소 이온 선택성 막전극)

  • Jeong, Seong-Suk;Park, Myon-Yong;Chung, Koo-Chun;Cho, Dong-Hoe;Lee, Kyeong-Jae;Kim, Jae-Woo
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.187-193
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    • 1995
  • A PVC membrane ion-selective electrodes based on N,N,N,N-tetrabenzylethylenediamine as neutral carrier has been prepared by addition of plasticizers such as phthalates and sebacate and liphophillic additives such as NaTPB. The membrane electrodes were investigated to the electric resistance, response range to hydrogen ion and the interfering effect of alkali and alkline earth metals. A electric resistance hardly had on effect of plasticizers. In case of 0.7% NaTPB added to membrane, response of the electrodes were shown the values near to theoretical Nernstian slope and interferences by alkali and alkaline earth metal were few influenced. The performances of pH-selective electrodes were shown linerality to hydrogen ion between pH 2 and 10 in the presense of alkali and alkaline earth ions. Reproducibility and stability tests were shown good results in the same pH range.

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Preparation of Cellulose Diacetate/Ramie Fiber Biocomposites by Melt Processing (용융가공법을 이용한 셀룰로오스 디아세테이트/라미섬유 천연복합체의 제조)

  • Lee Sang Hwan;Lee Sang Yool;Nam Jae Do;Lee Youngkwan
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.70-74
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    • 2006
  • Plasticized cellulose diacetate(CDA) was prepared by homogenizing cellulose diacetate(CDA), triacetin(TA) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) in a high-speed mixer, then the CDA mixture was mixed with ramie fiber to produce a green composite material. In DMA analysis, the glass transition temperature of plasticized CDA and the composite was observed at $85\;^{\circ}C\;and\;140\;^{\circ}C$, respectively. A composite reinforced with alkali treated ramie fiber exhibited significantly higher mechanical properties, such as $15\;^{\circ}C$ increase in tensile strength as well as $41\;^{\circ}C$ increase in Young's modulus when compared with commercial polypropylene. In the SEM image analysis, much enhanced adhesion between plasticized CDA and alkali treated ramie fiber (AIRa) was observed.

Cesium Ion-Selective Electrode Based on Upper-rim Calix[4]crown Ionophore (캘릭스 [4]크라운 유도체를 이온선택성 물질로 사용한 세슘이온 선택성 막전극)

  • Namgung, Miok;Ihm, Hyejae;Paek, Kyungsoo;Yun, Youngja
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.428-432
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    • 2000
  • A PVC membrane electrode based on upper-rim calix[4]crown as ionophore was prepared using dioctyl sebacate (DOS) as a plasticizer. The potential response of this membrane electrode to alkali, alkaline earth metal cations were examined. This membrane electrode exhibited a Nemstian response to $10^{-5}-10^{-1}M$ of CsCI with a slope of 52.3 mV/decade in Tris-buffer(pH 7.20). Its response time ($t_{90%}$) was 10s and it could be used for at least 2 months.

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Effects of Extracting Conditions on the Properties of Pish Meal Protein Isolates and the Permeability of Protein Film for Ester Compounds (추출조건이 어분단백질 물성과 필름의 ester 화합물 투과율에 미치는 영향)

  • YOU Byeong-Jin;SHIM Jae-Man
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.320-326
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    • 2001
  • To obtain the basic data for preparing edible or biodegradable film, fish meal protein isolates (FMPI) were prepared through alkaline extraction. And FMPI's properties and the ester compounds permeability of FMPI film were measured. FMPI were extracted under various extracting time with 0.2 N NaOH solution at $60^{\circ}C$, Recovery ratios of FMPI extracted from fish meal were increased with extracting time increasing. Surface hydrophobicity of FMPI extracted for 1 hr showed highest value. Emulsifying activity index (EAI) was increased with the increasement of extracting time but its emulsifying stability index (ESI) showed an inverse results. Viscosity of FMPI solution showed the highest value at pH 2 but showed the lowest value at pH 4, The higher concentration of sorbitol as plasticizer showed the higher ethyl acetate permeability of FMPI film, Ethyl acetate permeability of FMPI films according to kind of plasticizers showed different degree and increased in order as follow: polyethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol. Ester compounds having the lower molecular weight showed the higher permeability. Increment of temperature increased the ethyl acetate permeability of FMPI film. FMPI haying higher surface hydrophobicity made FMPI film be higher tensile strength. On elongation of FMPI films, kinds of plasticizer were more effective than surface hydrophobicity of FMPI.

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Potentiometric Determination of Postssium Ion Using 15-Crown-5 Derivatives with Anthracene for the Selective Material (안트라센을 포함하는 15-Crown-5 유도체를 이온선택성 물질로 이용한 칼륨이온의 전위차법 정량)

  • Bae, Zun-Ung;Lee, Sang-Bong;Chang, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Ui-Rak
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2001
  • Newly synthesized 15-Crown-5 derivatives including anthracene were used as neutral carriers for ion selective electrodes to determine potassium ion by potentiometry. Among the five neutral carriers studied in this work, N-(4'-benzo-15-crown-5-ether)-anthracene-9-imine was found to be the best in terms of selectivity and stability. The optimal composition of ion selective membrane was 1.0, 33.0 and 66.0 wt% for neutral carrier, PVC and plasticizer, resperctively. Addition of KTpCIPB used as a lipophilic additive improved the Nernst slope and the selectivity of potassium ion over alkali and alkaline earth metals. Especially, the selectivity of potassium ion over ammonium ion was remarkably good ($logK^{pot}_(K^+,NH_4^+}$=-2.59). The response time was also excellent ($t_{100}$=5sec) and continuous use of this electrode for three weeks has not changed the selectivity and analytical characteristics.

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Lead Ion-Selective Electrode Based on Upper-rim Calix[4]crown Ionophore (캘릭스[4]크라운 유도체를 이온선택성 물질로 사용한 납이온 선택성 막전극)

  • Namgung, Miok;Ihm, Hye-Jae;Paek, Kyung-Soo;Yun, Young-Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.115-119
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    • 2000
  • A PVC membrane electrode based on upper-rim calix[4] crown as ionophore was prepared using dioctyl sebacate (DOS) as a plasticizer. The potential response of this membrane electrode to alkali, alka-line earth and transitionmetal metal cations were examined. This membrane electrode exhibited a Nernstian response to $10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-2}M\;Pb(NO_3)_2$ with a slope ot 27.0 mV/decade. Its response time ($t_{90}$) was 10s and it could be used for at least 2 months. Also, the potential was maintained constantly in the rage of ph $2.0{\sim}12$.

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The $Pb^{2+}$ Ion Affinitive Membrane Electrode Based on New Calix[4]arene Ionophore (새로운 캘릭스[4]아렌 유도체를 이용한 $Pb^{2+}$ 이온 친화성 막전극)

  • Kim, Eun Jin;Kim, Min Kyu;Nam Gung, Mi Ok;Paek, Kyung Soo;Yun, Young Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.531-538
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    • 1998
  • The ion selective membrane electrode made of calix[4]arene-based host 1 as ionophore, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) as matrix and dioctylsebacate (DOS) as a plasticizer was studied. The potential responses of this membrane electrode to alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal cations were investigated. Especially this membrane electrode was turned out to be affinitive for $Pb^{2+}$ in the deionized water. It was observed that the response was linear in the concentration range from $1.0 \times 10^{-1} M to 1.0 \times 10^{-6} M of Pb^{2+}$ and its slope (26.5 mV/decade) was near to the sub-Nernstian response in deionized water. Also, the potential was maintained constantly in the range of pH $4.00 \sim 12.00$, which supports the potential usage as $Pb^{2+}$ affinitive electrode in the deionized water.

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Hg(II) ion- Selective Electrodes with Neutral Carriers of Macrocycles (거대고리 중성 운반체를 갖는 Hg(II)이온 선택성 전극)

  • 정오진
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.211-220
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    • 1996
  • New thin-and diselena-crown ethers containing two suffer and selenium donor atoms have been prepared. And then, mercury ($Hg^{2+}$) ion-selective electrodes with PVC-plasticizer (STPB) based on some macrocycles as neutral carriers were also made. The electrochemical selectivities for various ions, and the effects for macrocycles, matrix of membranes, ratio of plasticizer to macrowcles, concentration and pH of test solution were investigated on the $Hg^{2+}$ ion-selective electrodes. The 1, 10-diselena-18-crown-6-PVC-STPB (sodium tetraphenylborate) exhibited good linear responses of ${28.2}\pm{0.6}$ decade-1 for $Hg^{2+}$ ion in the conientration ranges of $10^{-2}~10^{-6}$ M $Hg^{2+}$ ion. This electrode exhibited comparatively good selectivities for $Hg^{2+}$ ion in comparison with alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, some heavy metal ions and rare earth metal ion in the range of pH 2.5~6.0. In addition, this electrode was applied as a sensor in the titration of $Hg^{2+}$ ion with $1^-$ ion in water.

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