• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.582-591
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• 2001

It is known that the reduced integration, modified shape function, anisoparametric and non-conforming element can reduce the error induced by stiffness locking phenomenon in the finite element analysis. In this study, we propose new anisoparametric curved beam element. The new element based on reduced minimization theory is composed of different shape functions in each displacement field. By the substitution of this modified shape function, the unmatched coefficient that cause stiffness locking in the constraint energy is eliminated. To confirm the availability of this new model, we performed numerical tests for a simple model. As a result of numerical test, the undulate stress patterns are disappeared in static analysis, and displacements and stresses are close to exact solution. Not only in the static analysis but also in the eigen analysis of free vibrated curved beam model, this element shows successful convergent results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.7 s.94
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• pp.1719-1730
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• 1993

This paper presents the theoretical natural frequencies of out-of-plane deformable ring based on the variables such as out-of-plane deflection, torsional rotation and shear rotation. Based on the same variables, a finite element eigen analysis is carried out by using the $C^0$-continuous, isoparametric element which has three nodes per element and three degrees-of-freedom at each node. Numerical experiments are peformed to find the integration scheme which produces accurate natural frequencies, natural modes and correct rigid body motion. The uniformly reduced integration and the selective reduced integration give more accurate numerical frequencies than the uniformly full integration, but the uniformly reduced integration produces incorrect rigid body motion while selective reduced integration does correct one. Therefore, the ring element based on the three variables which employes selective reduced integration is recommended to avoid spurious modes, to alleviate the error due to shear locking and to produce correct rigid body motion, simultaneously.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2008

In this study, we propose a new three-node hybrid-mixed curved beam element with the relaxed-equiribrium stress functions for static analysis. The proposed element considering shear deformation is based on the Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. The stress functions are carefully chosen from three important considerations: (i) all the kinematic deformation modes must be suppressed, and (ii) the spurious constraints must be removed in the limiting behaviors via the field-consistency, and (iii) the relaxed equilibrium conditions could be incorporated because it might be impossible to select the stress functions and parameters to fully satisfy both the equiribrium conditions and the suppression of kinematic deformation modes in the three-node curved beam hybrid-mixed formulation. Numerical examples confirm the superior and stable behavior of the proposed element regardless of slenderness ratio and curvature. Besides, the proposed element shows the outstanding performance in predicting the stress resultant distributions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05b
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• pp.201-206
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 Ni-기 합금인 합금 600과 합금 690, Fe-기 합금인 합금 800 및 초내식성 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강인 SR-50A에 대하여 부식 환경의 변화에 따른 특성 평가를 행하였다. 전기화학적 부식 평가는 양극 분극 시험을 통하여 행하였으며 부식 환경은 NaCl, HCI, NaOH(+$Na_2$SO$_4$) 액이었다. 응력 부식 균열 시험으로는 CERT(Constant Extension Rate Test)를 행하였으며 부식환경은 40%NaOH, 40%OH+12%$Na_2$SO$_4$ 용액이었다. CERT시험 후 그 파면을 SEM관찰하여 파괴 양상을 관찰하였다. 각 합금의 양극 분극 특성을 부식 환경에 따라 평가한 결과, 부식 용액의 증류에 따라 서로 다른 분극 거동을 보이고 있는데 산성과 중성 용액에서는 SR-50A가 가장 큰 저항성을 보이는 반면, 강 알카리용액인 NaOH용액에서는 Ni-기 합금의 저항성이 Fe-기 합금의 저항성보다 우수하게 나타났다. 응력 부식 균열 저항성은 전반적으로 Fe-기 합금보다 Ni-기 합금이 우수하게 나타났다. 파단면을 SEM관찰한 결과 합금 800과 SR-50A(tube)는 용액에 관계없이 입내 파괴 모드를 나타내고 있으며, 합금 600과 SR-50A판재는 입계 파괴 양상을 보이고 있다. 또한 가성 용액 중에 $Na_2$SO$_4$를 첨가할 경우, 부식 속도를 가속화시키고 응력 부식 균열 저항성을 감소시키고 있다.