• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was examined the effect of training using a Virtual Reality System on the sitting balance and Activities of Daily Living for patients with a spinal cord injury. Methods: The subjects were divided into an experimental (6 persons) and control group (5 persons). The experimental group trained the 5 programs, three times per week for 6 weeks using the Virtual Reality System and five days for week using conventional physical therapy. The control group trained five days for a week using conventional physical therapy. Results: The difference in the mean Spinal Cord Independence Measurement (SCIM) score in the experimental and control groups was increased to 8.33 and 6.60 (p=0.79), respectively. The difference in the mean functional reaching test in experimental and control group increased to 4.21 and 1.09 (p=0.25), respectively. The difference in the mean sitting time in experimental and control group increased to 41.05 and 10.33 (p=0.66), respectively. There was a difference in the mean of all variances but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: These results suggest that training using the Virtual Reality System increased the SCIM, functional reaching test and sitting time in people with a spinal cord injury.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.351-367
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identity effects of virtual reality(VR) program related to standing postural control on balance, gait and brain activation patterns in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients. Subjects were assigned randomly to either VR group (n=12) or the control group (n=12) when the study began. Both groups received conventional physical therapy for 2 to 3 times per week. In addition to conventional physical therapies, VR group trained 3 types of virtual reality programs using IREX for standing postural control during 4 weeks (4 times/week, 30 minutes/time). Subjects were assessed for static and dynamic balance parameters using BPM, functional balance using Berg Balance Scale related to movement of paretic lower limb before and after 4 weeks of virtual reality training. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Following VR training, VR group demonstrated the marked improvement on dynamic mean balance, anteroposterior limits of stability (AP angle) and mediolateral limits of stability (ML angle). 2. Following VR training, both groups scored higher on Berg Balance Scale. However, a comparison of mean change revealed differences between groups. In conclusion, these data suggest that the postural control training using VR programs improve dynamic and functional balance performance in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.978-984
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• 2018

Currently, virtual reality technology is actively applied in the entertainment and game fields, and development of professional programs is gradually increasing due to the rapid development of Internet and web technologies. As the current paradigm for healthcare changes from treatment to prevention, it is more important to take good care of it in advance so it doesn't get sick. This paper allows users to monitor the amount of exercise directly after using VR sports games. By using this system, users can exercise more interestingly and manage their own fitness by receiving an analyzed amount of exercise.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.625-628
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• 2020

현재 지구촌은 신종 감염병인 '코로나바이러스 감염증-19(COVID-19)로 인해 혼란을 겪고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 1만 명 이상 감염자가 발생하였으며, 사망자 역시 200여 명이 넘었다. 하지만 위와 같은 감염병을 치료하기 위한 백신은 계속 개발중에 있으며, 현재는 감염 예방 수칙으로 감염의 위험성에서 벗어나고 있는 실정이다. 또, 지구촌에 큰 혼란을 주었던 사스, 신종플루, 메르스와 같이 주로 호흡기를 통해 타인에게 전파되는 신종 감염병 출현 빈도 역시 계속 증가하고 있다. 이외에는 황사, 미세먼지에 관한 문제들로 인해 일상속에서 이뤄지는 생활 방역의 중요성이 대두되고 있는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 생활 방역의 대표적 수칙인 마스크 착용에서 상황별 올바른 마스크 선택의 중요성을 알려주어 시민의식을 높일 수 있는 VR 연동 'Wearing a Mask' 구현에 대해 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.492-501
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• 2007

Coastal disasters have become one of the most important issues in every coastal country. In Korea, coastal disasters such as storm surge, sea level rise and extreme weather have placed many coastal regions in danger of being exposed or damaged during subsequent storms and gradual shoreline retreat. A storm surge is an onshore gush of water associated with a tow pressure weather system, typically in typhoon season. However, it is very difficult to predict storm surge height and inundation due to the irregularity of the course and intensity of a typhoon. To provide a new scheme of typhoon damage prediction model, the scenario which changes the central pressure, the maximum wind radius, the track and the proceeding speed by corresponding previous typhoon database, was composed. The virtual typhoon scenario database was constructed with individual scenario simulation and evaluation, in which it extracted the result from the scenario database of information of the hereafter typhoon and information due to climate change. This virtual typhoon scenario database will apply damage prediction information about a typhoon. This study performed construction and analysis of the simulation system with the storm surge/coastal inundation model at Masan coastal areas, and applied method for predicting using the scenario of the storm surge.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of visual perception on driving performance and the importance of visual training for improving driving performance in patients with stroke. Methods : The evaluations, using MVPT(Motor-free Visual Perception Test), TMT A&B(Trail Making Test A & B), UFOV(Useful Field Of View test), and a driving simulator, were carried out with patients in department of physical medicine and rehabilitation in a rehabilitation hospital from October 2014 to November 2014. Results : Driving performance was related to the ability of various visual perceptions of patients with stroke, and the highest correlation was found in the UFOV subtest 2, TMT B, and MVPT. The results of discriminant analysis indicated a sensitivity of 100.0%, specificity of 80.0%, and predicted the results of the driving simulator with 89.5% accuracy. Conclusion : This study found that visual-perception skills influence driving performance and suggested the importance of visual-perception skill training for driving.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2017

Purpose : The aims of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review with meta-analysis to investigate the effect of virtual reality based rehabilitation program on balance of patient with stroke in Korean studies. Method : The studies for analysis were searched in electronic databases(Research Information Sharing Service; RISS, Korean Studies Information Service; KISS, DBpia, e-articles, National Assembly Library). The key words for search were 'virtual reality', 'stroke', and 'balance' and only randomized controlled trials and clinical controlled trials were included. Of 40 studies identified in the search, 20 studies met the criteria of this study and included in this meta-analysis. Result : The results were as follows: 1) The overall effect size of virtual reality based rehabilitation program was 0.557(95% critical interval; 0.340~0.774). 2) In the analysis of sub-categorical variables, effect size was as follows; the commercial game type(0.621) > virtual environment type(0.335); the dynamic balance measurement(0.750) > static balance measurement(0.226); randomized controlled trial(0.653) > clinical controlled trial(0.275); and thesis type(0.706) > article of journal type(0.339). 3) In the analysis of sub-continuous variables, as time of program(per session) increased, the balance increased(p<0.05). Conclusion : The results of this study showed that virtual reality based rehabilitation program moderately improves the balance of stroke patient. Further studies are recommended to investigate the effect of sub-variables related to virtual reality programs on motor functions of patient with stroke.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2024

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effects of robot-assisted gait training combined with virtual reality training on balance and gait ability in stroke patients. METHODS: Thirty-one stroke patients were allocated randomly into one of two groups: robot-assisted gait training combined virtual reality training group (RGVR group; n = 16) and control group (n = 15). The RGVR group received 30 minutes of robot-assisted gait training combined with virtual reality training. Robot-assisted gait training was conducted in parallel using a virtual reality device. In the Control group, neurodevelopmental therapy was performed according to the function of chronic stroke patients. Both groups underwent training for 30 minutes, three times per week for eight weeks. The balance assessment system (BioRescue, Marseille, France), BBS, and TUG were used to evaluate the balance ability. The OptoGait (Microgate Srl, Bolzano, Italy) and 10 mWT were measured to evaluate the gait ability. The measurements were performed before and after the eight-week intervention period. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvement in their balance and gait ability during the intervention. RGVR showed significant differences in balance and gait ability compared to the control group groups (p < .05). These results showed that RGVR was more effective on balance and gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. CONCLUSION: RGVR can improve balance and gait ability, highlighting the benefits of RGVR. This study provides intervention data for recovering the balance and gait ability of chronic stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.54-68
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• 2023

Treatment planning of edentulous patient with digital method is materialized by designing the surgical guide. When designing the surgical guide, we first implement the shape of the final prosthesis in the virtual space and then materialize the implantation plan based on this. However, it is challenging to make surgical guides for edentulous patients as their lack of both the reference for the arrangement of teeth and interocclusal relationship makes it hard to envision the shape of the final prosthesis. If there exists good partial or complete dentures or residual teeth, its teeth arrangement can be used as a reference for the virtual final prosthesis and the subsequent surgical guide. If such a reference is absent or unsatisfactory, a process of manufacturing a complete denture for diagnostic purposes and verifying it on patient's mouth is necessary and use it as a new reference for the virtual final prosthesis. But even if a surgical guide is produced through the reference from the thorough reflection of the virtual final prosthesis, when we use it in the surgical field, the intraoral condition of the patient may make the implants deviated from planned in the surgical guide. In the worst case, if the positioning of the surgical guide on the mouth is incorrect, it can lead to a catastrophic error that displaces all the implant, in which case the guided surgery would be much worse than the non-guided one. In this article, we will discuss how to obtain references of tooth arrangements in a timely manner and align or register them into a unified coordinate system in digital space, and also introduce how to transfer such an implantation plan from the virtual world into the patient's mouth of real world with minimum error. And lastly, I would like to express my opinion on the establishment of a rational and systematic protocol of guided surgery of the edentulous patients.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2002

Purpose : Measurement of transmission dose is useful for in vivo dosimetry. In this study, previous algorithm for estimation of transmission dose was modified for use in cases with tissue deficit. Materials and Methods : The beam data was measured with flat solid phantom in various conditions of tissue deficit. New algorithm for correction of transmission dose for tissue deficit was developed by physical reasoning. The algorithm was tested in experimental settings with irregular contours mimicking breast cancer patients using multiple sheets of solid phantoms. Results : The correction algorithm for tissue deficit could accurately reflect the effect of tissue deficit with errors within ${\pm}1.0\%$ in most situations and within ${\pm}3.0\%$ in experimental settings with irregular contours mimicking breast cancer treatment set-up. Conclusion : Developed algorithm could accurately reflect the effect of tissue deficit and irregularly shaped body contour on transmission dosimetry.