• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.349-355
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• 2019

The virtual reality training has been suggested as an intervention to improve physical function. But, the effects of virtual reality training focused on improving ADL in patients with acute stroke are unclear. Purpose of this study was to examine the effect of virtual reality training on hand function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with acute stroke. Sixteen patients with acute stroke were included in this study. The experimental group (VRA group) received 30 minutes of virtual reality training focused on ADL for each session, while the control group received 30 minutes of conventional virtual reality training. To examine the hand function and ADL of the subjects, the study used Jebsen-Tylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) and Korean Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), respectively. Both groups showed significant improvements in hand function of affected and unaffected sides, and in K-MBI total score before and after the intervention. The experimental group showed significantly greater improvements in the self-care domain of K-MBI after intervention than the control group. These findings suggest that the virtual reality training focused on ADL may have a better effect on self-care than conventional virtual reality training in patients with acute stroke.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1261-1275
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• 2009

Age related decrease of muscle strength, balance, and gait abilities bring about physical inactivity in the elderly. Virtual reality (VR) training has been used successfully to rehabilitate functional balance and mobility in elderly subjects. This study was aimed at determining the effect of VR-based exercise programs by using a video game on the muscle strength, balance, and gait abilities in the elderly. 48 old people were randomly divided into two groups; VR-group (men: 11, women: 14, age: 68.42yrs) and control group (men: 10, women: 13, age: 67.58yrs). VR-group performed an exercise program twice a week for 8 weeks and control group had no intervention. The VR-based exercise program was composed of warm up(10 mins), VR-program(40 mins), and cool down(10mins). It was performed by playstation eyetoy play that provided visual and auditory feedback as well as movements of the upper and lower extremities. Muscle strengths of the knee and ankle were measured using manual muscle tester. Static balance was estimated using computerized posturography. Dynamic balance was measured by Timed up and go test (TUG), Functional reach test (FRT). 10m walk test and 6-min walk test were used to assess gait abilities. After the completion of the VR-exercise program, muscle strength, balance, and gait abilities were improved significantly (p<0.05). In conclusion, the VR-based exercise program showed improvement on the muscle strength, balance, and gait ability in the elderly. This exercise program is both effective and interesting for this age group.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual reality program on fall efficacy and activities of daily living(ADL) for patients with stroke. Method : Twenty stroke patients were participated voluntarily and were assigned randomly into the control and the experimental groups. Both control and experimental groups were given same basic rehabilitation treatment while only the experimental group was given virtual reality program. The fall efficacy of both groups was assessed using fall efficacy scale(FES) and ADL performance ability was assessed by functional independence measure(FIM). Result : Fall efficacy and ADL performance ability showed a statistically meaningful difference for both experimental and control groups(p< .05), the fall efficacy and ADL performance ability of the experimental group improved meaningfully in a statistical way than that of the control group(p<. 05). Conclusion : It was found that carrying out virtual reality program with occupational therapy has an effect on fall efficacy and ADL performance ability of patients with stroke. Therefore, virtual reality program can be a way of treatment for patients with stroke to improve their fall efficacy and ADL performance ability, and the program can also be applied in clinics as well as occupational therapy.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2020

Intellectual disability affects all spheres of the lives of people can be who suffer from it. Unfortunately, modern medicine cannot cure intellectual disability. However, the quality of life improved by means of physical exercise. In this study, we compared the health-related physical fitness, metabolic syndrome index and mental health between a game biking group(5 participants) and a brisk walking group(4 participants). This study used a between-subject design and verified by non-parametric test. The participants performed an exercise program with warm up and resistance training for 12 weeks. A game bike was used for the physically impaired, where the individual looked at a screen and pedaled. The fasters he pedaled the faster the object on the screen movies. We measured health-related physical fitness, metabolic syndrome index and mental health. We also measured their perceived exertion and interest during the exercise by a visual analog scale. The results before and after the exercise program showed that health-related physical fitness, metabolic risk factors, mental health level were improved in both groups. As we hypothesized before the study, the game biking group showed a statistically significantly different level on the Rating of Perceived Exertion than the brisk walking group and a higher level on the Rating of Exercise Interest during the exercise program. Our results lead to a conclusion that an exercise program with the use of a game bike improve motivation for exercise participation in intellectually handicapped participants.

• KSCI Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2012

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.8-15
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• 2011

The goal of this paper is to describe how to construct an integrated simulation system that integrates limited perception-based mapping with spatial reasoning, path planning, and human motion style in order for a virtual soldier to effectively communicate with other virtual solders and/or human participants in a simulation. Virtual human research often ignores or simplifies perception by using a full map (with omniscient perception). In addition, previous research used a placement node where virtual environment designers save in advance the required information. However, this paper also shows that the human-like movement behavior can be achieved by the integrated ECA system with the mapping that supports a spatial understanding and does not require the omniscient perception.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2018

The present study was to investigated the effects of motion-based virtual reality training on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with stroke. This study was participated in forty one patients with acute stroke. All subjects were randomly assigned into either the experimental group(n=20) or the control group(n=21). The both groups received the conventional occupational therapy during 30 min a day, 5 a week, 4 a weeks. Additionally, experimental group performed motion-based virtual reality training on each session during 30 min/day, and control group conducted conventional occupational therapy on each session during 30 min/day. The outcome measures were the LOTCA(Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment), TMT(Trail Making Test), VM(Visual Memory), K-MBI(Korean Modified Barthel Index). In comparison of change score of cognitive function, the experimental group showed a significantly greater improvements in attention and visual working memory than the control group(p<.05). As a result for change score of activities of daily living, the experimental group showed a significant greater improvement in self care than the control group(p<.05). Our findings suggest that motion-based virtual reality training may have a effects of the improvements of cognitive function and activities of daily living than conventional therapy in patients with acute stroke.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2011

At the computer games, we can experience a variety of environments using a virtual object. It is similar to that be trained in War-game simulator of the defense. Actual soldiers and a computer-generated virtual group(Computer Generated Force: CGF) in 3-D virtual battlefield environment are training. However, path finding algorithm, one of the techniques of simulation models, to the current level only considers the shortest time path. So, this current level at the special situation of the army in the battlefield for selecting the optimal path is limited. The focus of this paper is to select the least-cost path using the deadline with several different mission conditions(METT+TC). For the only shortest time path algorithm and the least-cost path algorithm using dealine,($d_t$, one of METT+TC elements), Its usefulness is verifying the change of the move spent time(t) for all possible paths and the fighting power of the combat troops(Troops ability, a) through a comparison of the total cost of moves(c(t)). According to the results, when considering the deadline, the proposed algorithm saves about 62.5% of the maximum cost.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.21-24
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• 2007

본 논문에서는, 가상 전장 시나리오에서의 방어 전략 시스템에서 지능형 서비스를 구축하기 위한 핵심으로 군 도메인 온톨로지를 구축하고자 한다. 군대에서는 과거와 비교할 수 없는 다양하고 복잡한 데이터가 존재하는 상황에서 그 데이터를 지능적, 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 요구가 대두되고 있다. 이를 해결할 수 있는 방안의 하나로써 정보의 지식화가 있으며, 온톨로지는 도메인에서 개념과 관계를 표현할 수 있는 지식 표현 방법이다. 군 도메인 온톨로지는 추후 도메인 간의 호환성을 위한 상위 온톨로지인 SUMO (Suggested Upper Merged Ontology)를 사용하였고, 상위 온톨로지와 도메인 온톨로지를 연결해주는 중간 레벨 온톨로지인 MILO (Mid-Level Ontology)를 사용하며, 온톨로지 표현 언어로 SUO-KIF를 사용하여 개발되었다. 추후 군 도메인 온톨로지는 멀티에이전트 기반 방어 전략 시스템이 돌아가는 Cougaar Framework에서 사용될 수 있도록 고려되었다.

• The Optical Journal
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• s.156
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• pp.52-60
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• 2015

선진국 스마트폰 시장이 포화상태에 도달함에 따라 주요 IT기업들의 차세대 IT 비즈니스 발굴이 큰 화두다. 차세대 IT 비즈니스의 주목할만한 후보군 중 하나는 가상현실(VR: Virtual Reality)이다. 최근 고해상도 디스플레이, 강력한 컴퓨팅 파워, 3D센싱 등의 기술이 비약적으로 발달하고 하드웨어 비용이 크게 하락함에 따라 드디어 일반 사용자들을 대상으로 유의미한 수준의 '몰입감'과 '상호작용'을 제공할 수 있는 환경이 조성됐다. 현재 삼성전자, 소니, 엡슨 등의 대기업들이 VR 헤드셋 개발에 뛰어들었으며 뷰직스(Vuzix), 아 베간트(Avegant), 버추익스(Virtuix), 시브라이트(Seebright) 등의 가상현실 벤처기업들이 크게 주목을 받으면서 해당 업체들에 투자하겠다는 문의가 쇄도하고 있는 실정이다. 향후 가상현실 시장은 기업들에게 엄청난 비즈니스 기회를 제공할 것으로 전망된다. 단지 VR 헤드셋이나 관련 기기의 매출보다는 가상공간에서 사용자들이 소비하는 시간과 비용이 중요하다. 기존 오프라인, 온라인의 비즈니스 모델과 수익 모델 대부분을 가상현실에서 구현할 수 있다. 사람들은 앞으로 현실환경의 모든 오브젝트와 연결돼 상호작용을 하고, 또한 가상환경의 모든 오브젝트와 연결돼 상호작용을 하게 될 것이다. 그것이 진정한 사물인터넷과 가상현실이다.