• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2009

연구배경: 표피성장인자수용체(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR) 티로신 활성효소 억제제(tyrosine kinase inhibitor, TKI)는 진행성 비소세포폐암의 새로운 치료제이다. 몇몇 연구 결과 gefitinib와 erlotinib에 대한 반응률과 반응 예측인자에 차이가 있을 가능성을 제시하였다. 저자들은 한국인 진행성 비소세포폐암에서 gefitinib와 erlotinib의 효과 및 독성을 비교하고 각 약제에 대해 서로 다른 반응 예측인자가 있는지 평가하였다. 방 법: 2003년 7월부터 2009년 2월까지 이화여자대학 교부속병원에서 진행성 비소세포폐암으로 gefitinib 또는 erlotinib로 치료 받은 환자들의 임상정보를 수집하였다. 중앙 생존기간은 Kaplan-Meier법으로 계산하였다. 결 과: 대상 환자는 총 86명이었다(gefitinib군 52명 대 erlotinib군 34명). 나이의 중앙값은 64세였고 53명(62%)이 남자였다. 86명 중 83명에서 반응평가가 가능했으며, 83명 중 35명이 반응을 보였고 12명이 안정성 질환이었으며 36명이 진행성 질환으로, 치료 반응률이 42%였고 질병 조절률이 57%였다. 중앙 추적관찰기간 502일 동안, 진행까지의 중앙기간은 129일이었으며 중앙 생존기간은 259일이었다. 치료 반응률(gefitinib 44% 대 erlotinib 39%, p=0.678), 중앙 생존기간(gefitinib 301일 대 erlotinib 202일, p=0.151) 및 병의 진행까지 기간의 중앙값(gefitinib 136일 대 erlotinib 92일, p=0.672)은 두 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 두 약제는 비슷한 독성을 보였다. Cox 회귀모형을 이용한 다변수분석에서 선암이 생존과 관련된 독립적인 예후인자였다(상대위험도: 0.487, 95% 신뢰구간: 0.292~0.811, p=0.006). 아집단 분석 결과 두 약제에 대한 서로 다른 반응 예측인자는 없었다. 결 론: Gefitinib와 erlotinib 사이에 반응률, 생존기간, 진행까지의 기간 및 독성에 차이는 없었다. 각 약제에 대한 특이적인 반응 예측인자도 없었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.100-114
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• 1999

This study was done to investigate the effects of rapidly-rotating shift work of two-day interval on fatigue level and the concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+,\;Cl^-$. The subjects were 20 nursing college students(control group) and 15 nurses in a university hospital and the study was done from Apr. 21 to May 4th, 1999. In the test group, each 5 nurses were allocated to day shift(8 AM-4 PM), evening shift(4 PM-12 MN) and night shift(12 MN-8 AM) respectively. The fatigue level were measured 30 minutes after work start on the 2nd day of work shift. Urine specimens were collected at 8 AM, 4 PM and 12 MN on the 2nd day of work shift in the control group and 30 minutes before and after work on the 2nd day of work shift in the test group. The data were analyzed with SPSS(for Window, ver 7.5). Statistical analysis was performed by using t-test, paired t-test and ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1. The perceived fatigue level in shift work 1) The physical and mental fatigue level were significantly higher in night shift than that in day or evening shift(p<0.05). In the neuro-sensory fatigue level, night shift showed higher tendency than that in day or evening shift, but there were no significant differences between each shifts. 2) Comparison between the control group and the test group: Physical fatigue level was significantly higher in night shift than that in day or evening shift of the control group(P<.001). Mental fatigue level was significantly higher in day or night shift than that in evening shift of the control group(P<.05). In the neuro-sensory fatigue level, test group showed higher tendency than that in the control group, but there were no significant differences between two groups. 3) The total fatigue level was higher in night shift than that in day shift or evening shift(P<.05). In comparing with the control group, night shift and day shift showed higher total fatigue level than that in the control group(p<0.05). 2. The concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ In the control group, urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ showed higher level in afternoon that in morning and night. In the test group, cr in day and evening shift and $Na^+$ in evening shift showed higher level at the end of work. The 17-KS concentration at the begining and the end of work in three shift groups were lower than those in control group(p<0.05), however, $Cl^-$ concentration at the begining of work in day shift, and the end of work in day and evening shift were higher than those in control group(p<0.05). $Cl^-$ concentration at the begining and end of work in night shift were considerably higher than those in control group repectively(p<0.1, p<001). $Na^+$ concentration showed a higher tendency in three shift groups except at the begining of work in night shift, but there were no statistical difference. In comparing concentration of the 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ among the shift groups, 17-KS concentration showed a lower tendency and $Na^+,\;Cl^-$ showed a higher tendency in night shift: The result of this study showes that biorhythm of shift work nurse was irregular. Fatigue level as the subjective index for evaluating the health problem concerning shift work was higher in night shift and proved to be in accordance with the concentration of urinary 17-KS, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ used as objective indices. Disturbation of biorhythm and work stress due to night shift seems to cause the health problem of nurses and decrease of work efficiency. It is considered that work regualtion is necessary for the rational management of the nursing administration.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.81-96
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• 1994

The primary purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting health promoting lifestyles of college students on the basis of Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects were 1,159 students of one university in Seoul. These data were collected by self reporting questionnaire from April 19 to May 3, 1993. This study examined health promoting lifestyles, cognitive-percep-tual factors: perceived health status, perceived importance of health, health locus of control, and health conception, and modifying factors: sex, grade, major, residence type, and attendance at a health care course. The instruments used in this study were Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile by Walker et al. (1987), Health Value Scale by Wallston et al. (1976), Health Locus of Control by Wallston et al. (1978), and Health Conception Scale by Laffrey(1986). The data were analyzed by Cronbach's $\alpha$, mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS PC+ Program. The results were as follows : 1. The means of health promoting lifestyles revealed total 3.33, self actualization 3.74, health responsibility 2.72, exercise 2.80, nutrition 3.55, interpersonal surpport 3.76, and stress management 2.96. Interpersonal support showed the highest score and health responsibility showed the lowest score. 2. No significant differences between sex, grade, major, and residence type, and health promoting lifestyles Were founded(p>.05). Attendants at a health care course showed a significant higher score than nonattendants (p<.001). Male showed a significant higher score in exercise subscale, female showed significant higher scores in health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal support, stress management subscales(p<.001), residence type showed a significant difference in nutrition subscale(p<.001). 3. No significant differences between perceived health status and sex, grade, major, residence type, and attendance at a health care course were founded(p>.05). Perceived importance of health showed no differences among sex, grade, major, and residence type(p>.05), showed only in attendance at a health care course (p<.001). Attendants at a health care course showed a significant higher score than nonattendants(p<.001). No significant differences between health conception and sex, grade, major, and residence type were founded (p>.05), only significant difference between health conception and attendance at a health care course was founded(p<.05). Nonattendants showed a significant higher score in clinical health conception, attendants showed a significant higher score in wellbeing health conception(p<.05). 4. A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and perceived health status was founded(r=.2415, p<.001). A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and perceived importance of health was founded (r=.1475, p<.001). The health promoting lifestyles revealed significant positive correlations in internal and powerful others locus of control (r=.3187, p<.001: r=.1475, p<.001), but revealed a significant negative correlation in chance locus of control(r=-.997, p<.001). A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and clinical health conception and wellbeing health conception were founded (r=.1241, p<.001 : r=.3047, p<.001). 5. Perceived health status was the highest factor predicting health promoting lifestyles of college students(R=.3415, $R^2=11.62$). Perceived health' status, perceived improtance of health, internal locus of control, wellbeing health conception, powerful others locus of control accounted for 28.19% in health promoting lifestyle patterns. In conclusion, college students who reported more helath promoting lifestyles evaluated their health positively, perceived importance of health highly, perceived their health as affected by theirselves, powerful others but not by chance or luck, and accepted health as high level wellness rather than merely the absence of illness. Those who attending at a health care course had healthier lifestyle patterns. And attendance at a health care course had significant. correlations in these cognitive-perceptual factors. Further studies are required to identify reasons of attending a health care course, and to compare health promoting lifestyles pre-post attending a course related to health care.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to find the status of health examination and health management of industrial companies located in Taegu and Kyung book areas. It will provide basic information for the provision of effective health management of industrial workers. 49 companies were selected as a study sample group, and data was collected by using a structured Questionnaire which was developed by the members of the Community Health Nursing Academy of Korean Nursing. The health managers of the companies filled out the Questionnaire. The data was gathered from Dec 20, 1992 to Jan 20. The results of the study was as follows : 1. The Study sample showed 85.7% manufacturing companies having 300 or more workers. 2. All the companies had health managers, and companies which had 1,000 or more workers had industrial physicians and nurses. Only 12.2% of the industrial physicians were full time employees, and almost all industrial nurses were full time employees. Except for industrial physicians and nurses, the proportion of hygienists (6.1%), nurses aids (4.1%), and environmental engineers (22.4%) with full time employment statuss was very low. The mean age of industrial physicians was 49.2 while that of industrial nurses was 27.2. The length of work experiences currently ranges for 1 to 3 years for all health workers: physicians, nurses, hygienists, and environmental engineers. 3. Health examination and follow up care 94.31% took general health examinations. Of those, the proportion of the workers, who were determined as C grade(in need of close examination) was 43.86%. The proportion of the workers who were determined as D grade was 22.19%. 13.28% of the workers evaluated at the D grade were taken as a gauge for temporary leave from work. While 8.7% and .09% of them were taken as gauge for a change in job, and or shortening work hours respectively. The proportion of workers who must have taken special examination was 65.04% and of those the proportion of the workers who actually took, the examination was 98.55%. 75% of the workers who were recommended for follow up care were given follow up care. The special examinations were done the most frequently to detect the effects of physical agents (59.2%). Direct notice to individual workers was used the most frequently as a method of notification after a special examination (61.2%). The length of time taken to receive the result of a special examination was less than 1 month (38.9%) and 36.7% had taken up to two months (36.7%.). Most results of special examination were obtained within 2 months. The referral rate of consulting special examination by health managers was estimated at 95.9%. 4. 89.8% of the companies had. their own company dispensaries and 75.5% of those. had separate dispensaries. 32.7% of the companies designated local clinics for health management of workers. Industrial nurses performed health examination the most frequently(1.4 points). Health appraisal for work places were. done the least(0.83 points).

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제12권4호통권37호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2005

선형구조의 시편을 사용하여 Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5의 electromigration 특성을 살펴보고 공정 조성의 SnPb의 electromigration특성과 비교, 분석하였다. SnAgCu의 electromigration에 관한 특성 중 시간에 따른 물질의 이동 양상과 여러 가지 electromigration 매개변수 (활성화 에너지, 임계 전류밀도, 확산계수와 유효전하수의 곱)을 살펴보았다. 임계 전류 밀도는 $140^{\circ}C$에서 $2.38{\times}10^4A/cm^2$ 이고 이 값은 $140^{\circ}C$에서 electromigration에 의한 물질 이동이 발생하지 않는 최대 전류 밀도를 나타낸다. 활성화 에너지는 $110-160^{\circ}C$ 온도 범위에서 0.56 eV가 측정되었다. DZ$\ast$의 값은 $110^{\circ}C$에서 $3.12{\times}10^{-10}\;cm^2/s$, $125^{\circ}C$에서 $4.66{\times}10^{-10}\;cm^2/s$, $140^{\circ}C$에서 $8.76{\times}10^{-10}\;cm^2/s$, $160^{\circ}C$에서 $2.14{\times}10^{-9}cm^2/s$ 이었다. 그리고 SnAgCu와 공정 조성의 SnPb 물질의 electromigration 거동 특징은 크게 다른데, SnPb의 경우 음극에서 보이드(void) 형성이 발생하기 전에 잠복 시간이 존재하고 SnAgCu의 경우 잠복 시간이 존재하지 않는다는 점이다. 이는 각 원소들의 확산 기구(diffusion mechanism)의 차이에 기인한 것이라 생각된다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.7-29
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• 2010

The form of the Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda site is that of the traditional form of the wooden pagodas constructed during the Baekjae Period. Likewise, it is an important ruin for conducting research on the form and type of the wooden pagodas constructed during the Baekjae Period. In particular, the method used for the installation of the central pillar's cornerstone is a new technique. The purpose of this research is to restore the ruin of the Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda of the Baekjae Period that remains at the Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda site. Until now, research conducted on the wooden pagoda took place mostly centered on the Hwangryongsa Temple's wooden pagoda. Meanwhile, the reality concerning Baekjae's wooden pagoda is one in which there were not many parallel cases pertain to the design for restoration. This research paper wants to conduct academic examination of the Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda to organize the intention of design and design process in a simple manner. This research included review of the Baekjae Period's wooden pagoda related ruins and the review of the existing wooden pagoda ruin to analyze the wooden pagoda construction technique of the era. Then, current status of the Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda site is identified to define the characteristics of the wooden pagoda, and to set up the layout format and the measure to estimate the size of the wooden pagoda in order to design each part. Ultimately, techniques and formats used for the restoration of the wooden pagoda were aligned with the wooden pagoda of the Baekjae Period. Basically, conditions that can be traced from the current status of the Wangheungsa Temple site excavation using the primary standards as the standard. Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda was designed into the wooden pagoda of the Baekjae's prosperity phase. The plane was formed into $3{\times}3$ compartments to design into three tier pagoda. The height was decided by factoring in the distance between the East-West corridors, size of the compartment in the middle, and the view that is visible from above the terrace when entering into the waterway. Basically, the origin of the wooden structure format is based on the Goguryeo style, but also the linkage with China's southern regional styles and Japan's ancient wooden pagoda methods was factored in. As for the format of the central pillar, it looks as if the column that was erected after digging the ground was used when setting up the columns in the beginning. During the actual construction work of the wooden pagoda, central pillar looks as if it was erected by setting up the cornerstone on the ground. The reason that the reclaimed part of pillar that use the underground central cornerstone as the support was not utilized, was because the Eccentric Load of the central pillar's cornerstone was factored in the state of the layers of soil piled up one layer at a time that is repeated with the yellow clay and sandy clay and the yellow clay that were formed separately with the $80cm{\times}80cm$ angle at the upper part of the central pillar's cornerstone was factored in as well. Thus, it was presumed that the central pillar was erected in the actual design using the ground style format. It is possible to presume the cases in which the reclaimed part of pillar were used when constructed for the first time, but in which central pillar was installed later on, after the supplementary materials of the underground column is corroded. In this case, however, technique in which soil is piled up one layer at a time to lay down the foundation of a building structure cannot be the method used in that period, and the reclamation cannot fill up using the $80cm{\times}80cm$ angle. Thus, it was presumed that the layers of soil for building structure's foundation was solidified properly on top of the central pillar's cornerstone when the first wooden pagoda construction work was taking place, and that the ground style central pillar was erected on its upper part by placing the cornerstone once again. Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda is significant from the structure development aspect of the Korean wooden pagodas along with the Hwangryongsa Temple's wooden pagoda. Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda construction technique which was developed during the prosperity phase of the Baekjae Period is presumed to have served as a role model for the construction of the Iksan Mireuksa Temple's wooden pagoda and Hwangryongsa Temple's wooden pagoda. With the plan to complement the work further by excavating more, the basic wooden pagoda model was set up for this research. Wangheungsa Temple's wooden pagoda was constructed as at the Baekjae Kingdom wide initiative, and it was the starting point for the construction of superb pagoda using state of the art construction techniques of the era during the Baekjae's prosperous years, amidst the utmost interest of all the Baekjae populace. Starting out from its inherent nature of enshrining Sakyamuni's ashes, it served as the model that represented the unity of all the Baekjae populace and the spirit of the Baekjae people. It interpreted these in the most mature manner on the Korean peninsula at the time.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2006

본 연구는 전국 및 시도별로 결핵 사망률의 의료보장 유형에 따른 차이를 분석하고 관련 요인을 파악하기 위해 시행되었고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 의료급여 대상자는 건강보험 가입자에 비해 결핵 사망률이 5.6배가 높으며 남자에서는 6.3배, 여자에서는 3.8배 높아 의료보장 유형별 결핵 사망률비는 남자에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 각 연령군에서의 의료보장 유형별 결핵 사망률비는 30대, 40대, 50대의 장년층에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 경향은 남자와 여자 모두 비슷하였다. 시도별 의료보장 유형별 결핵 사망률 차이는 광역자치단체마다 다른 양상을 보였다. 이러한 차이에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 재정자립도, 인구밀도, 보건소당 관할 인구수, 백만명당 병원수, 의료급여 대상자 비율로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 의료급여 대상 결핵 환자들의 결핵관리에 문제가 있으며 특히 의료급여 대상자의 중장년 계층 결핵관리가 취약하고 이는 지역별로 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 인구밀도가 높고 의료급여 대상자가 적은 비율로 있으며 재정자립도가 높은 대도시지역 일수록 건강보험 가입자에 비해 의료급여 대상자의 결핵 사망률의 격차가 높은 것으로 나타나 이들의 결핵관리 실태에 대한 보다 체계적이고 정밀한 연구가 추후 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2006

식품위생에 관한 지식은 식중독의 예방여부, 냉동 냉장식품 보관법, 유통기한 경과 제품처리에 대해서는 조사대상의 87.9%-94.4% 정도가 정확히 알고 있었으나, 식중독의 원인 주요 예방법, 냉장고 보관온도에 대해서는 조사대상의 56.0%-63.0% 정도가 바르게 알고 있었다. 위생지식에 대한 정답률이 낮은 남성, 40대 이외의 연령층, 학력이 낮은, 종업원이 음식조리자인 경우에 대한 지속적인 위생교육이 필요 필요할 것으로 생각되고, 위생교육 미이수자가 위생지식에 대한 정답률이 높은 것으로 보아 교육내용 방법에 대한 개선이 필요하겠다. 위생수준 개선의 필요성에 대해서는 조사대상의 83.6%가, 건강진단의 필요성에 대해서는 조사대상의 78.6%가, 위생교육의 필요성에 대해서는 조사대상의 76.4%가 필요하다고 응답하였다. 위생수준이 미흡한 이유로 영업주의 위생의식이 미흡하여서가 조사대상의 71.6%로 가장 높았고, 개선해야 될 분야에는 업소시설 등 환경위생이 조사대상의 36.7%로 가장 높았다. 위생교육에서 가장 필요한 교육내용으로는 조사대상의 35.7%가 음식의 위생적 품질관리라고 하였고, 29.5%가 전반적인 식품위생의 개요라고 하였으며, 17.7%는 주변환경 및 주방시설의 위생적 취급이라고 응답하였다. 식품위생법 위반시 조사대상의 81.0%는 즉시 시정한다고 응답하였으며, 학력이 높을수록 즉시 시정하겠다는 응답이 많았다. 위생개선을 의해 행정기관에 바라는 점은 조사대상의 73.2%가 시설 및 운영자금지원을 지적하였고, 주기적인 위생교육이 19.3%, 위생공무원의 현지지도가 6.2%였다. 위생실천 실태에서는 위생복 착용률은 31.1%였으며, 조리시에 손을 씻지 않거나 그냥 물로만 씻는 경우가 각각 3.2%, 36.2%였고, 개인위생을 잘 준수한다는 43.7%로서 실천이 제대로 되지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과로 미흡한 식품접객업소의 위생상태 개선을 위해서는 행정기관의 제도적 보완과 금융지원, 영업주의 직업에 대한 자긍심고취, 위생교육기관의 실효성 있는 위생교육프로그램의 개발 및 교육이 집중적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-140
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• 1991

High performance liquid chromatography를 이용하여 praziquantel 처리전후의 폐흡충(肺吸蟲)(Paragonimus westermani)내 가수분해(加水分解)시킨 아미노산과 유리(遊離)아미노산의 정량분석(定量分析)을 시도하였다. 폐흡충은 고양이에 인공감염시켜 얻었으며 시험관내 살충은 praziquantel $0.1{\mu}g/ml$ 농도인 인산완충액(燐酸緩衝液)에 살아 있는 폐흡충을 넣어 $37^{\circ}C$ 항온기에 6기간 동안 배양한 충체를 사용하였고, 실험 동물내 살충 충체는 praziquantel을 25mg/kg의 용량으로 하여 1일 3회 2일간 경구투약(經口投藥)하고 24시간 후에 폐로부터 충체를 수집하여 사용하였다. 이를 동결건조(凍結乾燥)시켜 1% Triton${\times}$100, 0.5M Potassium acetate가 함유된 50mM Tris-HCl(pH=7.5)에 넣어 homogenize시킨 뒤 $4^{\circ}C$에서 100,000G로 30분간 초원심분리(超遠心分離)하고 상청액(上淸液)을 얻어 시료(試料)로 사용하였다. 위의 시료를 가수분해하고 HPLC에서 각각의 아미노산으로 분리하여 254nm에서 흡광도(吸光度)로 검출하였다. 결과, 폐흡충을 가수분해하여 얻은 아미노산은 cystein, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, histidine, arginine, threonine, alanine, proline, tyrosine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenvlalanine, tryptophan, lysin의 총 18종의 확인되었다. 정상 폐흡충은 wet weight lgm당 아미노산 825.88umol이 검출되었고 이 중 glutamic acid가 87.88umol로 가장 많았다. Tryptophan, cystein, methionine, histidine은 3.21~7.91umol로 소량 검출되었다. Praziquantel 처리후 가수분해 하여 얻은 아미노산의 량은 tryptophan을 제외하고는 일반적으로 증가하는 경향이 있었다. 유리(遊離)아미노산은 17종의 검출 되었으며 폐흡충 wet weight 1gm당 유리아미노산은 174.18umol이 검출되었다. 이중 glycine과 alanine이 24.25~24.59 umol로서 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. Praziquantel 처리후 별다른 변화는 보이지 않았으나 전체에 대한 구성비로 볼 때, serine은 2.9%에서 5.0~5.5%로, arginine은 3.2%에서 4.5~5.8%로 각각 상승되었고, glutamic acid와 proline은 각각 8.8%, 10.9%로부터 6.2~7.1%, 3.7~6.0%로 감소되었다.