• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.383-387
• /
• 2001

The sea flower begins at the water-sediment Interface. In the ocean basins, the sound velocity of the sediments at the interface vary from a few percent less than the sound speed in water just above the interface to somewhat greater. Marine sediments are unconsolidated; that is, the particles are not cemented of fused together. Samples feel like mud, muddy sand, sand, and so on. With the theoretical knowledge, the systematic research on the searching capability of Ultra Sonic Signal will be continued to identify the influence against the sea water subject. In this research, signal will be analyzed according to the influence range, power and sensitiveness of Ultra Sonic Generator. In addition, the radius of Ultra Sonic Signal will be included. The experimental field work will be executed at Nockdong, Pulkyo and other places well known as a habitat of Pan Shell.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.321-331
• /
• 2010

Most of multimedia video coding algorithms are lossy schemes and several kinds of spatial and temporal artifacts are inevitable. Flickering, which is the most typical coding artifact in time domain, is mainly due to fact that the quality of coded sequence fluctuates as the quantization parameter is adjusted for rate control. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of quality variation according to the characteristics of video sequence when the I-frames are periodically inserted. And we proposed the FR(Full Reference)-based assessment algorithm to measure the amount of flickering artifacts in the coded video. It is discovered that the flickering becomes critical when the level of quality is intermediate and is affected by the amount of detail or movement, the size of object, and camera parameters. The proposed measurement algorithm shows is well consistent with HVS(Human Visual System).

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 1996

In general, the high quality audio coding(HQAC) has the structure of the convertional data compression techniques combined with moodels of human perception. The primary auditory characteristic applied to HQAC is the masking effect in the spectral domain. Therefore spectral techniques such as the subband coding or the transform coding are widely used[1][2]. However no effort has yet been made to apply the temporal masking effect and temporal redundancy removing method in HQAC. The audio data compression method proposed in this paper eliminates statistical and perceptual redundancies in both temporal and spectral domain. Transformed audio signal is divided into packets, which consist of 6 frames. A packet contains 1536 samples($256{\times}6$) :nd redundancies in packet reside in both temporal and spectral domain. Both redundancies are elminated at the same time in each packet. The psychoacoustic model has been improved to give more delicate results by taking into account temporal masking as well as fine spectral masking. For quantization, each packet is divided into subblocks designed to have an analogy with the nonlinear critical bands and to reflect the temporal auditory characteristics. Consequently, high quality of reconstructed audio is conserved at low bit-rates.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.2C
• /
• pp.110-120
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose a Multiresolution Motion Estimation(MRME) adapted to Low-Band-Shift(LBS) method in wavelet domain. To overcome shift-variant property on wavelet coefficients, the LBS was previously proposed. This method which is applied to reference frame in video coding technique, has superior performance in terms of rate-distortion characteristic. However, this method needs more memory and computational complexity. In this paper, The computational complexity of the proposed method(LBS-MRME) is about 15.6% of that of existing method at 3-level wavelet transform. And although it has about 7 times as much as existing method's motion vector since each subband has different motion vector, it decreases motion compensated prediction error by detailed motion estimation, and then has better efficient coding performance. The experimental results with the proposed method showed about 0.3∼11.6% improvement of MAD performance in case of lossless coding, and 0.3∼3.0㏈ improvement of PSNR performance at the same bit rate in case of lossy coding.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.379-385
• /
• 1991

Morphological changes of starch granules from 12 different varieties of rice were examined by scanning electron microscopy during heating at 2.5% (w/v) concentration. Rice starch granules proceeded through a similar pattern of progressive morphological changes daring heating, regardless of variety. Rice starch granules began to swell radially in the initial stage of gelatinization and then undergo radial contraction and random tangential expansion to form complex structures in the latter stage of gelatinization temperature range. At higher temperatures, starch granules softened and melted into thin flat discs, and then stretched into thin filaments to form three-dimensional networks. These progressive morphological changes were reflected in the changes of swelling power, solubility and amylograph viscosity of starch. During the transition of melting or softening, swelling power, solubility and amylograph viscosity increased rapidly. The time of loss of granular structure of starch depended on gelatinization temperature range. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin was largely responsible fur the rate of melting or softening and the fineness of a three-dimensional filamentous network above the gelatinization temperature range. Therefore, both the gelatinization temperature range and amylose content of starch affect the rate of cooking, and amylose content of starch affects the final texture of cooked starch paste.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.302-310
• /
• 2001

Cu/PET film composites were prepared by electroless copper plating method. In order to improve adhesion between electroless Cu plated layer and polyester (PET) film, the effect of pretreatment conditions such as etching method and mixed catalyst composition, and accelerator was investigated. Compared to NaOH etching medium, PET film was more finely etched by HCl solution, resulting in an improvement in adhesion between Cu layer and PET film. However, there were no significant differences in electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness as a function of etching medium. The surface morphology of Cu plated PET film revealed that Pd/Sn colloidal particles became more evenly distributed in the smaller size by increasing the molar ratio of PdCl$_2$ : SnCl$_2$ from 1 : 4 to 1 : 16. With increasing the molar ratio of mixed catalyst, the adhesion and the shielding effectiveness of Cu plated PET film were increased. Furthermore, HCl was turned out to be a better accelerator than NaOH in order to enhance the activity of the mixed PdCl$_2$/SnCl$_2$ catalyst, which facilitated the formation of more uniform copper deposit on the PET film.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.453-463
• /
• 2006

Molecular simulation is an exceptionally useful method for predicting self-assembled structures in various macromolecular systems, enlightening the origins of many interesting molecular events such as protein folding, polymer micellization, and ordering of molten block copolymer. The length scales of those events ranges widely from sub-nanometer scale to micron-scale or to even larger, which is the main obstacle to simulate all the events in an ab initio principle. In order to detour this major obstacle in the molecular simulation approach, a molecular model can be rebuilt by sacrificing some unimportant molecular details, based on two different perspectives with respect to the resolution of model. These two perspectives are generally referred to as 'atomistic' and 'mesoscopit'. This paper reviews various simulation methods for macromolecular self-assembly in both atomistic and mesoscopic perspectives.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2010

The authors have investigated the acoustic field analysis using the Constrained Interpolation Profile(CIP) Method recently proposed by Yabe. This study has examined the calculation accuracy of the three-dimensional(3-D) acoustic field analysis using the type C CIP method. In this paper we show phase error of type C CIP method and the dependence on the wave-propagation direction in the type C CIP acoustic field analysis, and then demonstrate that it gives less-diffusive results than conventional analysis. Moreover, in comparison between type C-1 CIP, type C-2 CIP, type M CIP and FDTD, reports the memory requirements and calculation time of each method.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1978.06a
• /
• pp.7.1-7
• /
• 1978

The microsurgery of the laryngeal lesions was introduced by Kleinsasser in 1965. This has been utilized for diagnosis, surgical management and education of the laryngeal lesions. The laryngomic-roscopic technique appear to be useful in the evaluation of the lesions which may be precancerous, since minor degrees of epithelial thickening and alterations in the pattern of fine vessels beneath the epithelium may be observed with greater clarity. With suspension laryngoscopy, the authors experienced 11 cases of the laryngeal lesions: polyp (4 cases), web formation between false cords and true cords (1), papilloma (4), laryngeal trauma (1), and squamous cell carcinoma (1).

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.4
• /
• pp.53-86
• /
• 1999

오늘날 기업간 M & A가 활발히 진행되면서 브랜드 자산가치에 대한 연구는 학계와 실무계에 있어 커다란 관심이 집중되면서 브랜드의 역할에 대해서 다양한 새로운 관점이 제시되고 있다. 브랜드 자산가치와 관련한 기존의 연구들은 주로 평가에 관한 것이 대부분이었으나 최근에 와서 브랜드 자산가치의 중요성이 부각됨으로써 브랜드 자산가치의 형성에 대한 영향요인의 연구가 활발히 이루어 지고 있다. 하지만 이틀 연구의 대부분은 제품 품질과 광고톨 중심으로 한 기업의 통제 변수인 마케팅믹스-4P(product, price, place, promotion)-에 연구의 초점을 맞추고 있다. 하지만, 오늘날 기술혁신에 힘입어 규모의 경제성이나 경험효과에 의한 비용 우위는 거의 기대될 수 없게 되었고, 품질에서도 기업간의 격차가 현저히 줄어들었다. 그러고 막대한 비용의 문제로 인하여 매스미디어등의 광고를 통한 브랜드 자산가치의 형성이 결코 쉬운 일이 아니다. 특히 오늘의 국내의 기업현실을 감안하면 더욱 어려운 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 기존의 연구에서 다루지 않았던 고객만족 실현를 위한 핵심개념인 내부마케팅과 다양한 소비자 욕구에 있어 신속히 대응하는 브랜드 수의 증가를 브랜드 자산가치의 형성에 대한 새로운 영향요인으로 선정하여 마케팅믹스 요인과 더불어 이들의 영향성을 실증분석을 통하여 검증하였다. 본 연구의 결론을 이용하여 다음과 같은 브랜드 자산가치에 대한 마케팅에 있어서 전략적 시사점을 제안한다. 첫째, 브랜드 자산가치톨 형성 내지 강화하기 위해서는 내부마케팅 요인, 브랜드수의 증가요인, 마케팅믹스 요인중에서 어느 한 요인만으로 한계가 있기 때문에 3가지 요인을 동시에 활용하여 시너지 효과를 노려야할 것이다. 아울러 다양화, 세분화되어 가고 있는 소비자 니즈에 신속히 대용하기 위해서는 브랜드의 수의 증가를 통한 마케팅전략으로의 실천이 시의 적절한 방법중 하나라고 판단된다. 둘째, 기존의 많은 연구에서 알 수 있듯이 그동안 브랜드 자산가치의 구성요소에 대한 영향 요인으로 마케팅믹스적 요인을 주로 다루어 왔는데, 본 연구 결과에 의하면 내부마케팅요인과 브랜드수의 증가요인도 브랜드 자산가치의 구성요소에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났기 때문에 기업들은 이들 요인에 대한 세밀한 검토와 관심이 요구된다. 셋째, 기업들은 향후 브랜드 자산가치를 증대하기 위한 장기적이고 전략적인 관리방안이 요구된다.