• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.587-596
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• 2012

Verifying about eligibility of targeted site is necessary for execute Afforestation and Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism (A/R CDM) project which is followed by system of Kyoto protocol. The site have to be identified by which could not be in conformity with definition of forest. This study tried to propose a technology of classify for site selection of A/R CDM. We chose several parts of Yangpyeng as study area and applied LiDAR data and remotely sensed imagery for considering about tree height, degree of crown closure, and land area which 3 factors for identify forest. LiDAR data was used for offset the shortage of remotely sensed imagery that cannot perfectly determine the forest definition due to absence of 3-dimentional information, but can be obtained from LiDAR. Considering tree height, degree of crown closure, and land area simultaneously by moving window, classified fields to forest and non forest based on pixel size. As a result, 124.06 ha for suitable to doing plantation and approximately 357.02 ha are in negative. Technology that applied for analyzing will provide fundamental methodology not only site selection for A/R CDM, but will be utilized in other Kyoto protocol.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2012

Filtering process that separates ground and non-ground points from LIDAR data is important in order to create the digital elevation model (DEM) or extract objects on the ground. The purpose of this research is to select the most effective filtering algorithm through qualitative and quantitative analysis for the existing filtering method used to extract ground points from LIDAR data. For this, four filtering methods including Adaptive TIN(ATIN), Perspective Center-based filtering method(PC), Elevation Threshold with Expand Window(ETEW) and Progressive Morphology(PM) were applied to mountain area, urban area and the area where building and mountains exist together. Then the characteristics for each method were analyzed. For the qualitative comparison of four filtering methods used for the research, visual method was applied after creating shaded relief image. For the quantitative comparison, an absolute comparison was conducted by using control points observed by GPS and a relative comparison was conducted by the digital elevation model of the National Geographic Information Institute. Through the filtering experiment of the LIDAR data, the Adaptive TIN algorithm extracted the ground points in mountain area and urban area most effectively. In the area where buildings and mountains coexist, progressive morphology algorithm generated the best result. In addition, as a result of qualitative and quantitative comparisons, the applicable filtering algorithm regardless of topographic characteristics appeared to be ATIN algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2281-2292
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• 2013

This study was to examine the influential factors of smartphone overuse in health college students. The subjects of this study were randomly selected from the departments of Emergency Medical Technology, Physical Therapy and Health Administration at G College in G metropolitan city and 250 subjects were sampled. After explaining the purposes of the research from Oct. 22 to 25, 2012 and obtaining their consent to take part in the research, structured self-administered questionnaire was given and examined. Final 223 data were collected and used for analysis with SPSS 12.0 for Window. To sum up the results of the research, it was confirmed that the motives of using smartphone were highest in entertainment and leisure on withdrawal of overuse sub-factors, ostentation and trend on tolerance, entertainment and leisure on compulsion and obsession, ostentation and trend on life inconvenience and side-effects, and entertainment and leisure throughout its overuse motives. Therefore, development and application of preventive education programs on overuse smartphone use with health college students are urgently required and practical personal counseling and management for overuse smartphone users should be conducted.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.470-479
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• 2012

This study was designed to investigate and analyze children's preference on animation characters according to age and gender of the subjects, by surveying 255 children aged from 3 to 5. The animation characters were represented in pictures, and the reasons of preference were collected through individual interview with the children. The $x^2$ verification of SPSS 18.0 Window statistic program was used to verify the difference in preference. As a result, children aged from 3 to 5 showed higher preference on animations produced in foreign countries than the ones produced in Korea, as Korean animations and foreign-country animations had preference rate of 35.7% and 64.3%, and Korean characters and foreign-country characters had preference rate of 22.4% and 77.6% respectively. Depending on the age of children, there was significant difference among animation characters that the children prefer ($x^2=302.474^{***}$, P<.001), and it was shown that children at the age of 3 showed preference on 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin, children at the age of 4 on 'Tayo' of Tayo the Little Bus and 'Amu' of Shugo Chara, and children at the age of 5 on 'Shin Chan' of Crayon Shin Chan. It was also revealed that there was significant difference among animation characters according to the gender of children ($x^2=120.864^{***}$, P<.001); boys preferred 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin the most, followed by 'Doraemon' of Doraemon, 'Thomas' of Thomas and Friends and 'Tayo' of Tayo the Little Bus, and girls preferred 'Pororo' of Pororo the Little Penguin the most, followed by 'Apple' of Little Princess, 'Amu' of Shugo Chara and 'Loopy' of Pororo the Little Penguin. Through this study, it is hoped that the development of children animation would advance further, and that this study could be used as the preliminary resource.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.392-401
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• 2013

This study was conducted to research the Selection Attribute for Pension which is located in the region of S. Gyeonggi-do. We intended to find the best choice point for reserving the pension using IPA and suggest or provide strategic implications and marketing method for running the pension. The survey was conducted from the early January to the end of March in 2012 with one to one method. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 229 responded questionnaires were reliable to be used as a sample. The result of the survey was analyzed by using SPSS 15.0 version for window with Paired t-test and IPA method. Frequency Analysis was also conducted for the characteristic of samples. Findings are presented and discussed in three areas. First, the cleanliness of rooms, service for customer, heating and cooling system are the key important factors for the choice of pensions. Secondly, all factors are statistically significant level(p<0.01, p<0.001) as a results of performing IPA method. Thirdly, the result has shown that the varity of programs in the pension have significant impact on the customers' choice and satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1699-1705
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the differences of the quality of chest compression between 10 cm higher position of rescuer's knee from the bottom and its bottom position during implementation of CPR. It selected randomly subjects out of 66 students who attend the Dept. of Emergency Medical Technology in G college, G metropolitan city as the first grader and divided them into 31 experimental group and 32 control group from Nov. 8 to 9, 2011. Mattress was spread 10 cm higher from the bottom(material: B4 Copy Paper) and on the bottom(material: PVC, size: $185{\times}125{\times}0.65cm$) and only chest compression was conducted for 2 minutes. Experiment was conducted with 1 Resusci Anne mannequin and the results of experiment were recorded with Laerdal PC Skill Reporting System. Data collected were analyzed with $x^2$-test and Fisher's exact probability test using SPSS 14.0 for Window, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. As a result of the study, it was found that 10 cm higher position of rescuer knee from the bottom than the bottom position and group below 170 cm in their height and 65 kg in their weight were more effective in proper depth of chest compression and average chest compression depth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

In the surface contamination test using the end-window Geiger-Muller type counter, the wrap is used as a method for protecting the detector exposed to the outside in order to measure the beta-rays. We analyze the effect of this method on the measurement rate and the correction factor, and wanted to make it clear to radiation workers that excessive use of the wrap can affect the measured value of the beta-rays. The experimental method was to compare and analyze the change of the beta-rays measurement counting rate and the calibration factor according to the wrap thickness using the beta-rays with different energy of 3 KBq, 1.5 KBq and 0.3 KBq. The subjects of this study were the end-window Geiger-Muller type counter which were held at the calibration center certified by Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS) in March 2012, Cl-36 (Chlorine) and Sr-90 (Strontium) were used as the source of beta radiation. The measurement counting rate decreased with increasing wrap thickness, and the calibration factor increased with increasing wrap thickness. Since the changes of the measurement counting rate and the calibration factors can reduce the accuracy of the instrument readings, but also have a significant impact on detector contamination and damage, so there is a need to find out what thickness of wrap is most effective. If we using a wraps with thickness that show a low rate of change of the measurement counting rate and the calibration factor, it will protect the detector and minimize the effect on the measured value of the beta-rays.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.60-68
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• 2012

Current wireless sensor networks are considered to support more complex operations ranging from military to health care which require energy-efficient and timely transmission of large amounts of data. In this paper, we propose an adaptive temporal suppression algorithm which exploits a temporal correlation among sensor readings. The proposed scheme can significantly reduce the number of transmitted sensor readings by sensor node, and consequently decrease the energy consumption and delay. Instead of transmitting all sensor readings from sensor node to sink node, the proposed scheme is to selectively transmit some elements of sensor readings using the adaptive temporal suppression, and the sink node is able to reconstruct the original data without deteriorating data quality by linear interpolation. In our proposed scheme, sensing data stream at sensor node is divided into many small sensing windows and the transmission ratio in each window is decided by the window complexity. It is defined as the number of a fluctuation point which has greater absolute gradient than threshold value. We have been able to achieve up about 90% communication reduction while maintaining a minimal distortion ratio 6.5% in 3 samples among 4 ones.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.625-633
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• 2012

Extended Depth of Focus (EDF) algorithms for extracting three-dimensional (3D) information from a set of optical image slices are studied by many researches recently. Due to the limited depth of focus of the microscope, only a small portion of the image slices are in focus. Most of the EDF algorithms try to find the in-focus area to generate a single focused image and a 3D depth image. Inherent to most image processing algorithms, the EDF algorithms need parameters to be properly initialized to perform successfully. In this paper, we select three popular transform-based EDF algorithms which are each based on pyramid, wavelet transform, and complex wavelet transform, and study the performance of the algorithms according to the initialization of its parameters. The parameters we considered consist of the number of levels used in the transform, the selection of the lowest level image, the window size used in high frequency filter, the noise reduction method, etc. Through extended simulation, we find a good relationship between the initialization of the parameters and the properties of both the texture and 3D ground truth images. Typically, we find that a proper initialization of the parameters improve the algorithm performance 3dB ~ 19dB over a default initialization in recovering the 3D information.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.11
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• pp.1170-1181
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• 2012

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) are used in diverse applications. In general, sensor nodes that are easily deployed on specific areas have many resource constrains such as battery power, memory sizes, MCUs, RFs and so on. Hence, first of all, the efficient energy consumption is strongly required in WSNs. In terms of event states, event-driven deliverly model (i.e. surveillance and reconnaissance applications) has several characteristics. On the basis of such a model, clustering algorithms can be mostly used to manage sensor nodes' energy efficiently owing to the advantages of data aggregations. Since a specific node collects packets from its child nodes in a network topology and aggregates them into one packet to relay them once, amount of transmitted packets to a sink node can be reduced. However, most clustering algorithms have been designed without considering can be reduced. However, most clustering algorithms have been designed without considering characteristics of event-driven deliverly model, which results in some problems. In this paper, we propose enhanced clustering algorithms regarding with both targets' movement and energy efficiency in order for applications of surveillance and reconnaissance. These algorithms form some clusters to contend locally between nodes, which have already detected certain targets, by using a method which called CHEW (Cluster Head Election Window). Therefore, our proposed algorithms enable to reduce not only the cost of cluster maintenance, but also energy consumption. In conclusion, we analyze traces of the clusters' movements according to targets' locations, evaluate the traces' results and we compare our algorithms with others through simulations. Finally, we verify our algorithms use power energy efficiently.