• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we investigate the stability of the functional equation f(-x + y + z + w) + f(x - y + z + w) + f(x + y - z + w) + f(x + y + z - w) = 3f(x) + f(-x) + 3f(y) + f(-y) + 3f(z) + f(-z) + 3f(w) + f(-w) by using the direct method in the sense of Hyers.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.138-146
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to select salt tolerant zoysiagrass breeding lines. Eighty two native zoysiagrasses collected from S. Korea were used in this study. Saline water were prepared by mixing sea water and tap water. ECw levels of saline water treated ranged from 2 to $3dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Zoysiagrass planted in pot by sprigging were soaked into the plastic box containing saline water. Winter injury was investigated under the pot condition. Most of Z. japonica types did not show winter injury. But Z. tenuifolia type, Z. matrella type, and Z. sinica type showed winter injury under the pot condition at Cheonan area. NaCl level in soil was increased from 0% to 0.51% by treatment of saline water. Soil ECe measurement showed upto $170dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Z. tenuifolia type (Z5034), Z. matrella type ('Konhee', Z4109, 'Semill'), Z. japonica type (Z1055, Z1040, Z1008, 'Zenith', 'Millock') and medium leaf type zoysiagrass (Z6096, Z6118, Z6021, Z6074) resulted in below 30% leaf firing under the saline condition. This approach might be useful for selecting salt tolerant breeding lines.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.799-818
• /
• 1995

This study was performed to examine the general anesthetic efficacy of tiletamine-zolazepam, a mixture of phencyclidine-derived tiletamine and benzodiazepine-related zolazepam. The antagonistic activities of doxapram and yohimbine to the anesthetic effects of tiletamine-zolazepam were also studied. Thirty healthy mongrel dogs were divided into three groups (each of 10) twenty minutes after being anesthetized with tiletamine-zolazepam : T-Z-S group(tiletamine-zolazepam-saline), T-Z-D group (tiletamine -zolazepam-doxapram), T-Z-Y group (tiletamine-zolaz.pam-yohim bine). Various parameters wert evaluated in terms of the onset and recovery time of analgesia, respiration rates, hear rates, body temperature, electrocardiogram, blood chemistry, and lymphocyte blastogenesis. The results obtained through these experiment could be summarized as follows: 1. he anesthetic efficacy of tiletamine-zolazepam was considered desirable, with the onset time of anesthesia being as short as 0.23-0.24 minutes. 2. Both of the antagonistic effects of yohimbine and doxapram on the anesthesia induced by liletamine-zolazepan were evaluated statistically significant(p<0.05) as the recovery time was shortened from 39.3$\pm$4.9 min(T-Z-S group) to 25.3$\pm$2.9 nin(T-Z-Y group) and 29.9$\pm$8.8min(T-Z-D group), respectively. 3. Respiration rates were not changed by the treatments of both doxapram and yohimbine, with the only transient increase in the T-Z-D group. The changes in the respiration rate were not observed during the whole time course of the experiment. 4. Yohimbine(T-Z-Y group) increased the heart rate significantly from 30 minutes after the adminstration compared to the T-Z-S group and T-Z-D group (p<0.05). 5. The decreases in th, body temporature were observed from 30 minutes in the T-Z-S group(p<0.05) and 40 minutes in th, T-Z-D group(p<0.05), after the adminstration. On the other hand, there was no hypothermia in the T-Z-Y group. 6. In the all experimental groups of the T-Z-S, T-Z-D and T-Z-Y, there were no specific findings on the electrocardiograph incept slight shift to the tachycardia in all cases. 1. We could not find any differences in the blood chemistry between all experimental groups (T-Z-S, T-Z-D and T-Z-Y). 8. the inhibition of the lymphocyte blastogenesis shown in the T-Z-S with 3 hours decreasing and thereafter restoring to the normal values up to the point 5 hours were not occurred in the T-Z-D and T-Z-Y groups. With the above results, we could conclude that both doxapram and yohimbine can be clinically used as recovery agents towards anesthesia by tiletamine- zolazepam fi:on the efficacy point of view, but yohimbine is more recommendable in this case if considering the recovery time and lymphocyte blastogenesis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.563-568
• /
• 2019

This study is concerned with the approximation properties of pairs. For ${\lambda}{\geq}1$, we prove that given a Banach space X and a closed subspace $Z_0$, if the pair ($X,Z_0$) has the ${\lambda}$-bounded approximation property (${\lambda}$-BAP), then for every ideal Z containing $Z_0$, the pair ($Z,Z_0$) has the ${\lambda}$-BAP; further, if Z is a closed subspace of X and the pair (X, Z) has the ${\lambda}$-BAP, then for every separable subspace $Y_0$ of X, there exists a separable closed subspace Y containing $Y_0$ such that the pair ($Y,Y{\cap}Z$) has the ${\lambda}$-BAP. We also prove that if Z is a separable closed subspace of X, then the pair (X, Z) has the ${\lambda}$-BAP if and only if for every separable subspace $Y_0$ of X, there exists a separable closed subspace Y containing $Y_0{\cup}Z$ such that the pair (Y, Z) has the ${\lambda}$-BAP.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.867-876
• /
• 2016

The object of the present paper is to investigate the starlikeness of the class of functions $f(z)=z^p+{\sum\limits_{k=n}^{\infty}}a_p+k^{z^{p^{+k}}} (p,n{\in}{\mathbb{N}}=\{1,2,{\ldots}\})$ which are analytic and p-valent in the unit disc U and satisfy the condition $\|(1-{\lambda}({\frac{f(z)}{z^p}})^{\alpha}+{\lambda}{\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{pf(z)}}({\frac{f(z)}{z^p}})^{\alpha}-1\|$ < ${\mu}$ (0 < ${\mu}{\leq}1$, ${\lambda}{\geq}0$, ${\alpha}$ > 0, $z{\in}U$). The starlikeness of certain integral operator are also discussed. The results obtained generalize the related works of some authors and some other new results are also obtained.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.115-126
• /
• 1995

Let A be the class of univalent functions f(z)=z＋${\alpha}$$_2$z$^2$＋${\alpha}$$_3$z$^3$＋…(1.1) which are analytic in the unit disk $\Delta$= {z：│z│＜1}. Let S＊(p) be the subclass of A composing of functions which are starlike of order $\rho$. A function f(z) belonging to the class A is said to be starlike of order $\rho$ ($\rho$(equation omitted) 0) if and only if z$\^$-l/ f(z) (equation omitted) 0 (z$\in$$\Delta$) and (equation omitted (1.2).(omitted)

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a design strategy for the control of the Z-source inverter (ZSI). For the Z-network capacitor voltage control, the average current model is derived to describe the dynamics of the voltage control and the controller outputs the average current command for the capacitor. Z-network inductor current reference is derived from the average current model of the Z-network capacitor. The inner current control loop outputs the average voltage command for the Z-network inductor and the shoot-through duty ratio of the ZSI is calculated from the output using the average voltage model of the Z-network inductor. The gain values of the current and voltage controllers are directly obtained by the Z-network parameters and desired bandwidth of each controller without a gain tuning process.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.44 no.1 s.138
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2005

Adoxophyes spp. are the major rests of a pear. The larvae attack both leaves and fruits. (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac) and 10-methyldodecyl acetate (10me-12:Ac) have been reported as the sex pheromone components of the genus Adoxophyes. Our objective was to determine the difference in sex pheromone composition of three different A. spp. populations each from Cheonan, Sangju, and Naju area orchards in Korea. Gas chromatography (GC) analyses of pheromone gland extracts of virgin females confirmed the presence of two compounds (Z9-14:Ac and Z11-14:Ac) in Cheonan and Sangju populations, and four compounds (Z9-14:Ac, Z11-14:Ac, E11-14:Ac and tome-12:Ac) in Naju population. The Z9-14:Ac and Z11-14:Ac were detected in the ratio of 80:20 in the Cheonan population and 3:97 in the Sangju population. Females of Naju population produced sex pheromone blend consisting of Z9-14:Ac, Z11-14:Ac, E11-14:Ac and 10me-12:Ac at a ratio of 31:62:6:1. Field trapping tests in pear orchards with Z9-14:Ac and Z11-14:Ac indicated that maximum captures of the male were obtained with traps baited by 80:20 in Cheonan, 10:90 in Sangju, and 30:70 in Naju. These results suggest that there are remarkable geographical variations in the sex pheromone composition of A. spp. in pear orchards in Korea, and taxonomic classification of these species must be carefully assessed.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2022

This paper aims to investigate characterizations on parameters k₁, k₂, k₃, k₄, k₅, l₁, l₂, l₃, and l₄ to find relation between the class of 𝓗(k, l, m, n, o) hypergeometric functions defined by $$5_F_4\[{\array{k_1,\;k_2,\;k_3,\;k_4,\;k_5\\l_1,\;l_2,\;l_3,\;l_4}}\;:\;z\]=\sum\limits_{n=2}^{\infty}\frac{(k_1)_n(k_2)_n(k_3)_n(k_4)_n(k_5)_n}{(l_1)_n(l_2)_n(l_3)_n(l_4)_n(1)_n}z^n$$. We need to find k, l, m and n that lead to the necessary and sufficient condition for the function zF([W]), G = z(2 - F([W])) and $H_1[W]=z^2{\frac{d}{dz}}(ln(z)-h(z))$ to be in 𝓢^*(2^-r), r is a positive integer in the open unit disc 𝒟 = {z : |z| < 1, z ∈ ℂ} with $$h(z)=\sum\limits_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(k)_n(l)_n(m)_n(n)_n(1+\frac{k}{2})_n}{(\frac{k}{2})_n(1+k-l)_n(1+k-m)_n(1+k-n)_nn(1)_n}z^n$$ and $$[W]=\[{\array{k,\;1+{\frac{k}{2}},\;l,\;m,\;n\\{\frac{k}{2}},\;1+k-l,\;1+k-m,\;1+k-n}}\;:\;z\]$$.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.543-554
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we prove the stability of a mixed type functional equation f( -x + y + z) + f(x - y + z) + f(x + y - z) = f(x - y) + f(y - z) + f(z - x) + f.(x) + f(y) + f(z).