• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.442-458
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• 2011

Digital textbook project is one of government-driven project to improve education due to integrating technology. Digital textbook need to be universally designed to fit for each student. Recently, universal design for learning( UDL) gains great attention as one of promising approaches for the development of the digital textbook through giving various options and flexibility to all students. UDL has three main principles, first provide multiple means of representation, second provide multiple means of action and expression, third provide multiple means of engagement. The purpose of the study is to analyze fourth grade science textbook according to three UDL guidelines and suggest implications to improve an existing science textbook. The results indicated that fourth grade science digital textbook has been partly applied UDL guidelines like implementing multimedia and multi- mode contents, learning and communication tools, and motivation strategies. But options which students can choose according to their needs and styles are insufficient and tools for expression and communication need to enhance for helping each student to overcome his/her obstacles for learning and need to be more and elaborate to support learner-centered science digital textbook.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

Despite the commercialization of Next generation sequencing (NGS) gene testing, only a few studies have addressed the various ethical and legal problems associated with NGS testing in Korea Here, we reviewed the normative issues that emerged at each stage of the wet analysis and bioinformatics analysis of NGS gene testing. In particular, it was in mind to apply various international guidelines and the principles of bioethics to actual clinical practice. Considering the characteristics of NGS testing, wet analysis of additional testing can be justified if presumptive consent is recognized. Furthermore, the medical relationship between diseases needs to be established and it should be clear that the patient would have given consent if the patient had been aware of the correlation between genes. At the stage of bioinformatics analysis, the question of unsolicited findings arises. In case of unsolicited and relevant findings, according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), a recognized relationship between genes and diseases needs to be established. In case of unsolicited and not-relevant findings, it is almost impossible to determine whether knowing or not knowing the findings is more beneficial to the patient. However, it seems to be certain that the psychological harm an individual may suffer from such information is likely to be greater if the disease is severe and if there is no cure. The list of genes for which the ACMG guidelines impose reporting obligations is a good reference for judgment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.36-51
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• 2006

Although the demand and necessity for the facilities of nature environmental conservation and its utilization have been increased recently, the local governments has been experiencing difficulties to launch the facilities since there are no confirmed principles or guidelines for the direction of the facility and distinctions from the ordinary parks. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to provide the overall framework for establishing the facility by equipping checklists from planning to operational stage. The stages are disengaged into 5 steps of siting feasibility, planning, preliminary environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment, design, construction, and operation. This paper also include the recommendations to vitalize the existing facilities, of which expansion of educational program development; utilization of various manpower; provision of appropriate settings; strengthened monitoring; and increased public relations. Furthermore, it is suggested to consider the strengthened local characteristics, reviewing management plan at the stage of applying a new facility establishment to the concerned authority, fostering experts, and expansion of the facilities through restoration of environmentally damaged areas for a new facility.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.19.1-24
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• 1998

Designers often hesitate to decide the shape, size, and layout of a product. Though ergonomic principles and data are absolutely needed in this process, they don't have enough guidelines to refer. For the refrigerator designers, they also are not convinced of their decision: the vertical position of the freezing and refrigerating rooms, the height of shelves, the shape of door-handle, and etc. To support the refrigerator design, we applied several ergonomic methods to the evaluation of a refrigerator. EMG measurement was used to evaluate the load of user's lumbar muscle. Based upon the experimental EMG data, we developed a model to predict the relative load according to the height of refrigerator shelves. Two different layouts of a refrigerator, R/F and F/R style, were compared with the model. A three-dimenaional motion analysis method was used to evaluate the user's motion of using a refrigerator. Ten door-handles with the different shapes and positions were evaluated by tracking the rotations of the user's arm. Video protocol analysis was used to evaluate the user interface of a control panel in a refrigerator. Finally, we made several ergonomic design guidelines based on the facts found in this research and the anthropometric data of the Korean adults. The results of this study can be applied to the ergonomic design of a refrigerator.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.211-220
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• 2012

The current 2002 Indonesian Seismic Code consists of prescriptive criteria that are intended to result in buildings capable of providing certain levels of performance. However, the actual performance capability of buildings is not assessed as part of the code procedures. Several analysis procedures are allowed, and the state of practice is to use the RSA with six-zone seismic map developed for 475-year earthquake. This code is being revised and will adopt many of the ASCE7-10 provisions and 2475-year earthquake for MCE. The growth of tall buildings compels engineers to look for more optimal lateral system. The use of RC core wall as single system has been adopted by very few engineering firms, which is allowed in the current code but will no longer be the case if the new one is in effect. Other innovative structural system such as core wall and outrigger is not addressed in the proposed new code. Engineers must then resort to NLRHA. Currently, one 50-story building under construction using RC core wall and outrigger has been designed with RSA and employing capacity design principles, then evaluated using NLRHA per TBI Guidelines. Based on the evaluation, the performance of the 50-story building generally still meets the criteria of the TBI Guidelines. The result of the case study is presented in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.257-282
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to suggest a rational guidelines of authority record for personal name heading control. It analyzes the Statement of Principles of ICCP, the headings of Korean Cataloging Rules and personal name heading of KORMARC on Disc. It also investigates the problems and suggests the possible improvements for headings of personal name. The rules for heading control retains the frame from headings of cataloging rules. The guidelines for heading control of personal name will be integrated in the rules for headings. To efficient retrieval, It suggests distinction of different persons of the same name and subject List.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

The post-war period has witnessed the emergence of new towns in a number of countries in Southeast Asia. New town development started in Malaysia with Petaling Jaya as a satellite town in 1953 to accommodate the rapid growing population of Kuala Lumpur. New towns have been designed in accordance with the British town planning principles, based on the modern ideal city. Nonetheless, they have constituted a regional character as they have incorporated local factors such as local technologies as well as site and climatic conditions. In the shaping of the new towns in modern cities, regulatory aspects have played important roles. The regulations decide the basic framework for planning of new town, block plan and unit plan. The ultimate goal of this study is to understand the identity of the new town planning of Malaysia. As a first step, we reviewed the local regulations, standards, and design guidelines which are applicable to the new town planning from the national land use to local plans. As a result, we categorized the guidelines into four areas: urban space, site plan, street system, block plan and unit plan. We expect this study to provide the framework of the Malaysia's new town planning from the perspective of the local regulations.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

At the moment, a lot of interest in the research on Gnotobiotic Pigs are increasing in order to produce alternative human organs. So, it is very important to design and build proper housing facilities for Germ Free Pigs. Among the design issues related to Gnotobiotic Pigs' farms, circulation system takes a high position because it carries an important role in keeping the pig's housing environment aseptic. Considering those, this study aims to propose the guidelines for the design of circulation system in Germ Free Pig's facilities. The results of this study are as follows. At first, functional areas of Germ Free Pigs' facilities have been divided into three categories according to the clean level; aseptic area, semi-aseptic area, and non-aseptic area. Secondly, the basic principles of circulation system have been proposed. Finally, circulation system of Gnotobiotic Pigs' facility has been explored as a form of diagram according to the circulating subjects. These include human circulation, pig's circulation, and goods' circulation. This study has some limitations in that it is transcendent and lacks empirical evidence. Despite of some weaknesses, it is expected to give some useful guidelines for the design of circulation system in Germ Free Pigs' facilities.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

This study has a research objective to suggest detailed rules and principles to transcribe geographical names in English for English version electronic map service. For this, guidelines which are used in English transcription of local geographical names in Korea and English transcription situations of Korea geographical names in foreign electronic map service were examined. Examining results of current situations showed the English transcription method of home and abroad geographical names caused the chaos because it is not homogenized. In order to identify easy and preferred transcription method for foreigners among English transcription methods about the geographical names which are used together like this, the preference of English transcription methods of the geographical names was examined targeting foreigners. Survey results showed that foreigners prefer to transcribe in Roman character (Romanization) with its semantic word together than just to transcribe the Roman character. Reflecting this preference research results, our country's geographical names were classified as Natural features, Cultural features and man-made structures, and Administrative units and the detailed English transcription rules and principles of each geographical names were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2018

Objective: Multi-regional clinical trials have been widely used for accelerating global drug development by multinational pharmaceutical companies. In this study, we aimed to review and analyze the international trends in regulations and guidelines on multi-regional clinical trials by regulatory authorities and international organizations, such as International Conference on Harmonisation, for referring to policies, including development of domestic guidelines for multi-regional clinical trials. Methods: The policies, regulations, and guidelines published by the US Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (Japan), and China Food and Drug Administration were searched, and the International Conference on Harmonisation E17 draft guideline was reviewed. Results: The regulatory authorities in developed countries have developed and implemented regulations and guidelines on multi-regional clinical trials to promote simultaneous global drug development and evaluate the regional differences in drug safety and efficacy. International Conference on Harmonisation developed the draft guideline for planning/designing of multi-regional clinical trials in 2016, which recommends the general principles for strategy-related issues and design of multi-regional clinical trials, and for protocol-related issues, such as consideration of regional variability, subject selection, dose selection, endpoints, comparators, overall sample size, allocation to regions, collecting information on efficacy and safety, and statistical analysis. Conclusion: It is important to understand the international regulatory requirements for designing and planning of multi-regional clinical trials for global drug development. Moreover, it is necessary to prepare multi-regional clinical trial guidelines in accordance with the Korean regulation for clinical trials and drug administration.