• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2012

인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)은 두릅나무과(Araliaceae)에 속하는 식물로 동아시아에서 2,000여년 전부터 보기(補氣)제로 사용된 중요한 약재이다. 홍삼은 인삼의 뿌리를 찐 것으로, 고려시대 이전부터 쪄서 말리는 가공법이 있었던 것으로 알려져 있다. 건강기능식품에서 말하는 홍삼제품은 홍삼을 원재료로 하여 이를 분말화하거나 물이나 주정으로 추출하여 농축 또는 발효하여 식용에 적합하며, 진세노사이드Rg1과 Rb1의 합이 0.8~34 mg/g이 되어야 한다. 2011년 한국의 건강기능식품 시장은 약 3조 6,000억원에 이르며, 홍삼시장은 1조 2,000억원에 이른다. 2007년 6,420억원이었던 홍삼시장이 5년만에 두배가 된 것이다. 홍삼시장이 성장하면서 한국인삼공사(정관장)와 농협중앙회(NH한삼인), 동원F&B(천지인), 웅진식품(다채움수) 등의 회사가 기초연구와 다양한 제품개발을 통하여 경쟁하고 있다. 한국인삼공사의 경우, 최근 식품의약품안전청으로부터 홍삼의 '항산화' 기능에 대하여 건강기능식품기능성원료 인정을 받았고, '홍삼정타브렛'을 출시하였으며 '홍이장군' 브랜드를 리뉴얼하였다. 농협중앙회에서는 이미지 향상을 위한 '지성이면 한삼인' 시리즈와 짜 먹는 '뽀로로 홍삼 젤리'를 출시하였고, 동원F&B은 '홍송조화건조'를 제조공정에 도입하였고, 캡슐형태의 제품을 출시하였으며, 최근에는 꼬마버스 타요를 활용하여 '천지인 꼬마버스 타요' 시리즈를 개발하였다. 웅진식품, 대상웰라이프 등에서도 사포닌이 흡수되기 좋게 만든 '발효홍삼' 제품을 출시하고 있다. 향후 홍삼시장의 지속적인 성장을 위해 기초연구와 소비자의 니즈에 맞는 국내시장만이 아닌 해외시장까지 나아갈 수 있는 특화된 제품 개발이 절실히 요구되는 시점이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.18-22
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• 2014

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is an undulatory nematode which exhibits two distinct locomotion types of swimming and crawling. Although in its natural habitat C. elegans lives in a non-Newtonian fluidic environment, our current understanding has been limited to the behavior of C. elegans in a simple Newtonian fluid. Here, we present some experimental results on the penetrating behavior of C. elegans at the interface from liquid to solid environment. Once C. elegans, which otherwise swims freely in a liquid, makes a contact to the solid gel boundary, it begins to penetrate vertically to the surface by changing its stroke motion characterized by a stiffer body shape and a slow stroke frequency. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis reveals the flow streamlines produced by the stroke of worm. For the worm that crawls on a solid surface, we utilize a technique of traction force microscopy (TFM) to find that the crawling nematode forms localized force islands along the body where makes direct contacts to the gel surface.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

In this study, we isolated endophytic fungal strains from the rhizoid and the leaf of Mnium heterophyllum and Hypnum plumaeforme, respectively. The isolated strains were identified based on morphological characters and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer, large subunit rDNA, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II subunit regions. From the results, we confirmed two endophytic fungal species, Cercophora thailandica, and Biscogniauxia petrensis, which to the best of our knowledge, have not yet been reported in Korea. We further describe the morphological characteristics and the results of the molecular analyses of these isolated fungal strains.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.393-409
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• 2003

Morphological and anatomical characters of selected 3 taxa of Rhynchospora were reexamined. The epidermal patterns of achene and leaf were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a light microscope (LM). Morphological characters such as length and width of bract, spikelet, scale, achene, stem, leaf and leaf sheath, and shape of inflorescence, spikelet, scale, apex of scale, perigynium and achene, and number of stigma and anatomical characters (transectional shape of the stem, and leaf: vascular bundles in stem and leaf epidermal patterns: shape of fundamental epidermal cell and cell wall, type of silica body, subsidiary cell shape, size and frequency of stomatal complex of leaf) were useful for the identification. Keys based on data were presented here.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2023

This paper reports new hosts for three ichneumonids (Apophua evanescens evanescens, Teleutaea minamikawai, and Trathala flavoorbitalis) from South Korea. These three species were discovered from the lepidopteran pupae, viz., Cleora leucophaea (Butler) (Geometridae), Adoxophyes honmai Yasuda (Tortricidae), and Pyrausta phoenicealis (Hübner) (Crambidae), respectively. Among these, the lepidopteran family Geometridae and Crambidae are also newly recorded as host groups for the genera Apophua and Trathala.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.290-294
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• 2009

Larval development of Nannopaya pygmaea Rambur (Libellulidae), an endangered dragonfly in Korea, was studied using an introduced lariat population in an artificial wetland habitat. Artificial habitat was created in a green house which imitated a small wetland in Boryeong-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea, where N. pygmaea inhabited. A total of 300 N. pygmaea larvae were introduced to the artificial habitat in June 2007. Larvae were recaptured five times between June 2007 and November 2008 for measurement of body length. As a result, the initial and recaptured populations (Recaptured I, II, III, IV, and V populations, respectively) contained two body size groups [initial 6.20$\pm$0.34 mm and 7.94$\pm$0.46 mm (mean$\pm$SD); Recaptured I 2.84$\pm$0.43 mm and 5.16$\pm$0.83 mm; Recaptured II 5.96$\pm$0.66 mm and 8.02$\pm$0.35 mm; Recaptured III 5.97$\pm$0.73 mm and 7.82$\pm$0.37 mm; Recaptured IV 7.04$\pm$0.93 mm and 8.52$\pm$0.39 mm; Recaptured V 5.72$\pm$0.60 mm and 7.71$\pm$0.30 mm]. Our rearing experiment evidenced that the recaptured I-V populations are the offspring of the initial population and the offspring grew approximately 3 mm at 470 degree days. It was also estimated that N. pygmaea larvae need approximately 100 degree days to grow 0.7 mm in body length.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.487-500
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• 1999

Observation is one of the important aspects in science and science education. However. observation has so many varieties that the purpose and the meaning of scientific observations used in science education are different in persons, contexts, and subjects. In this study, we tried to understand the natures of scientific observation and investigated students' observational activities using four observation tasks: candle, double pendulum, iron filings around bar magnet, two electric bulbs connected in series. We required the subjects to observe the given tasks and described what did they observe. Based on students' observational descriptions, students' observational activities could be classified in four categories: primitive, interpretive, operational, and interfered observation. Also, we could find that some of the descriptions were non-observational activities such as predicting and questioning and so on. Finally, implications for the teaching of observation in science education are suggested.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.295-299
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• 2014

Seasonal occurrences of three Tortricinae species were monitored at persimmon orchard in Changwon city ($35^{\circ}$09'18.16"N $128^{\circ}$34'43.63"E), Gyeongnam, Korea, by using sex attractant traps in 2012 and 2013. The two years of monitoring revealed that Adoxophyes honmai and Homona magnanima occurred four times a year, and Neocalyptis angustilineata did three times. Peak occurrence of A. honmai was recorded in mid-May, from early to mid-July, from late July to early August, and from mid- to late September for the generation, respectively. H. magnanima population peaked during mid- to late May, mid-July, from late August to early September, and from late September to mid-October for the generation, respectively. N. angustilineata showed three clear peaks from late May to early June, in late July, and from early to mid-September for the first, second, and third generation, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.491-496
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• 2011

Breeding for pear resistance to pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola) is one of important objective of the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science breeding program. One hundred thirty three accessions from 15 Asian, Chinese and European pear species were investigated for their resistance against pear psylla. The pear psylla resistance was determined based on the following four characteristics: overwintering adult population, the number of eggs and nymphs, and the degree of soot. The different pear species showed varied resistance to pear psylla. Pyrus calleryana and P. betulaefolia indicated the highest antixenosis as ovipositional preference and antibiosis as nymphal feeding and were the most resistant genetic resources. Likewise the European pears (P. communis), 'Conference' and 'Cascade', exhibited little occurrence and damage by pear psylla. These were proved to be promising genetic materials for breeding resistant cultivars because they had good fruit quality and showed resistance to pear paylla. The observed population of overwintering adult, the number of eggs and nymphs of psylla had significant correlation each other.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

Two species of the genus Indomegoura Hille Ris Lambers (Hemiptera: Aphideidae) are recognized in Korea, including I. nigrotibiae (Tao, 1963) new to Korean Peninsula, Besides the descriptions, the host plants nad the key to the species of genus Indomegoura are provided and the biology of each of each species are discussed.