• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2020

In this study, miscanthus with C/N ratio of 224 were applied to the soil and treated with 0 (control), 10 tons and 20 tons·ha^-1 to improve the soil and promote crop growth. As a result, soil organic matter content increased from 11.0 g·kg^-1 before the test to 16.3 after 3 years. Soil cation exchangeable capacity increased to 15.3 cmol_c·kg^-1 after 3 years. In the sweet sorghum, stem was the most thickest at 20 tons·ha^-1 application of miscanthus and the highest juice amount per plant was 60 ml. The yield index multiplied by the soluble solids content of juice and juice amount was the highest at 1,913 for 10 tons application and 1,851, 1,839 for 20 tons, control respectively. Number of sweetpotato storage root were 2,9 in 20-tons application plot, the same as control, and 10-tons application plot was 3.6, the most. Two-year average yields of 20 tons plot and control were low at 2,579 kg/10a and 2,708 respectively, and 10 tons plot was the highest at 3,289. For onions, the biomass application did not effect the yield. but onion plant and leaf length were longer in 20 tons plot than in control or 10 tons. The yield of garlic was 2,630~2,901 kg/10a and there was no effect of miscanthus application. Plot of 10 tons application were the longest in plant and leaf length, and the number of scale was 8.2-8.3 per in bulb, and 8.9 tons·ha^-1 in control. Therefore, it was confirmed the possibility that miscanthus biomass application of about 10 tons·ha^-1 could improve the soil condition and promote crops growth and yield.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 1986

Korean lawn, Zoysia japonica STEUD, is the type of a perennial warm-season lawn grass that has a naturally green period during 5 months from May to September. This study was carried out to detect the effects of N-P-K fertilization, regrowth capacity after mowing and chlorophyll contents on prolongation of the green period in Zoysia japonica grasslands. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on Zoysia japonica grasslands were affected on regrowth capacity after mowing, green color of leaf canopies and chlorophyll contents, respectively. 2. A the experimental plots which applied 45g/$m^2$/10 weeks of $N_3$ fertilizer, there were high significant effects on prolongation of the green period and the plots of phosphorus and potassium had additive effects. 3. Prolongation of the green period to the last ten days of October was obviously possible by slow degrees in proportion to increment of N-P-K fertilization. 4. However, it is interpreted that more prolongation of the green period is impossible with N-P-K fertilization and irrigation treatments, unless the intermediate turfgrasses between $C_3$ and $C_4$ plants must be found and bred.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.401-410
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• 1997

This experiment was conducted to investigate the opimum media, media amount and planting density of nutri-culture for the high quality and yield of wild vegetable, Liguliaria fischeri Turez. The fried rice hull was recognized best media among perlite, sand and fried rice hull for nutri-culture of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. The yield on fried rice hull media at early growing stage was lower, but higher than in other media at late growing stage. Therefore, total yield in fried rice hull media was 15-29% higher than that of the existing perlite media. Growth and yield of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. were not significantly different between medium amounts, therefore considering economical efficiency and stability, the optimum medium amount was 105 $\iota/m^3$, Yield by planting density increased in the high density and 50 plants/$m^2$ was considered as proper planting density in nutri-culture of Liguliaria fishcheri Turcz.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.352-360
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• 2017

This study evaluated the quality characteristics, polyphenolic compounds, and radical scavenging activity of cooked-rice added to commercially available mixed grains. L-value of cooked-rice with various mixed grains decreased compared to that of cooked-white rice; however, a- and b-values increased. Hardness and elasticity of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains were significantly lower in the pressure cooker compared to the electric cooker. There was no significant difference in adhesiveness and stickiness between rice from the electric cooker and pressure cooker. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains were significantly increased. The average total polyphenol content of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains cooked in an electric cooker and pressure cooker were $16.50{\pm}3.86$ and $15.88{\pm}3.52mg$ gallic acid equivalent /100 g, and flavonoid contents were $1.58{\pm}0.00$ and $1.55{\pm}0.02mg$ catechin equivalents/100 g, respectively. The average of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was $9.27{\pm}2.62$ and $8.72{\pm}2.41mg$ trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g, and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity was $22.89{\pm}4.60$ and $23.07{\pm}4.49mg$ TE/100 g for cooked-rice added to various mixed grains cooked in an electric cooker and pressure cooker, respectively. Phenol content and radical scavenging activity of cooked rice was in proportion to the amount of added grains, such as brown rice, colored rice, barley, soybean, and sorghum.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

This study was carried out in 2010 to investigate the utilization and forage quality of native grasses, such as $Phragmites$ $communis$ which might reduce the cost of feeding domestic cattle. The regions surveyed were the Haenam ranch in Haenam, Pyeongchang, Wonju, and Yeonggwang. In Haenam, yearly silage production harvested from 300 ha was 2,000 MT (7 MT/ha). All of those round bale silages were self-consumed in that region, and marketing price was 50,000~55,000 won per roll (110 won/kg). $Phragmites$ $communis$ of 150 cm in length contained 8.4% crude protein (CP) with relative feed value (RFV) 71.9 and 60.1% in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), which was somewhat more favorable than forage quality of rice straw. The silage quality of $Phragmites$ $communis$ varied greatly by the time of harvest (CP 4.7~6.4%, RFV 62.2~78.9, and IVDMD 41.9~53.9%), even with the same district and of the same original forage materials. Generally, the quality of $Phragmites$ $communis$ silage of was poorer than that of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid. In Pyeongchang, forage quality of $Phragmites$ $communis$ was decreased from 13.9% to 7.6% in CP, 90.7 to 76.1 in RFV, and 72.9% to 54.7% in IVDMD, as plant was getting mature, from 79 cm to 117 cm, 121 cm or to 142 cm in length. In Wonju, the quality values of $Phragmites$ $communis$ of 130 cm in length were 8.5% CP, 82.3 RFV and 70.2% IVDMD, while those of matured grasses of 220 cm in length were lower (10.2% CP, 65.1 RFV and 48.9% IVDMD), but this was a little more favorable than quality of rice straw. In Yeonggwang, feeding $Phragmites$ $communis$ was tried in a Hanwoo feed, but stopped due to low profitability. In conclusion, the overall quality of most native grasses including $Phragmites$ $communis$ in this survey was poor. Therefore, we recommend that $Phragmites$ $communis$ and native grasses should be harvested on June or July to obtain richer forage quality in forage values than rice straw.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 1998

The CY can be said to function in various respect as a buffer zone between the maritime and overland inflow-outflow of container. The amount of storage area needed requires a very critical appraisal at pre-operational stage. A container terminal should be designed to handle and store containers in the most efficient and economic way possible. In order to achieve this aim it is necessary to figure out or forecast numbers and types of containers to be handled, CY area required, and internal handling systems to be adopted. This paper aims to calculate the CY area required for each container handling system in Mokpo New Port. The CY area required are directly dependent on the equipment being used and the storage demand. And also the CY area required depends on the dwell time. Furthermore, containers need to be segregated by destination, weight, class, FCL(full container load), LCL(less than container load), direction of travel, and sometimes by type and often by shipping line or service. Thus the full use of a storage area is not always possible as major unbalances and fluctuations in these flow occuring all the time. The calculating CY area must therefore be taken into account in terms of these operational factors. For solving such problem, all these factors have been applied to estimation of CY area in Mokpo New Port. The CY area required in Mokpo New Port was summarized in the conclusion section.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.385-392
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• 2012

This study was conducted to find out the optimum cropping system for the stable production of forage crops in the newly reclaimed land located at Gwanghwal and Gyehwa region of Saemangum reclaimed tide land from October, 2009 to October, 2011. Whole crop barley (WCB), Rye, Italyan-ryegrass (IRG) as winter crops and Corn, Sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid (SSH) as summer crops were cultivated. Soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, feed value, growth and yield were examinated. The testing soil was showed saline alkali soil where the contents of organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable calcium were very low, while exchangeable sodium and magnesium were higher. Changes of soil salinity during the growing season of forage crops were less than 0.2%, and the growth of forage crops was not affected by salt injury. Standing rates of winter crops were higher in the order of Rye, WCB, and IRG, while the dry matter yield of winter crops was higher in the order of IRG, Rye and WCB. The highest crude protein (CP) content was recorded in IRG, and total digestive nutrients (TDN) contents were increased in the order of WCB, IRG, and Rye. The TDN content was higher in corn, whereas other feed value was higher in SSH. The content of mineral nutrients on stem, leaf and grain in IRG, Corn were high. After experiment pH was lowed, contents of exchangeable magnesium, sodium and organic matter were decreased while contents of total nitrogen, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium, calcium were increased. Winer crops and summer crops after continually cultivating in cropping system, fresh matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (74,740 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 10%, IRG-Corn 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, Rye-Corn and WCB-SSH 3%. Dry matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (20,280 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, IRG-Corn/Rye-Corn/WCB-SSH 3%. The TDN yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (13,830 kg $ha^{-1}$), IRG-SSH 2%, WCB-SSH and IRG-Corn 1%. Therefore, we suggest that the crop combination of IRG-SSH and WCB-SSH would be preferred for silage stable production.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.110-118
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of species and varieties of summer forage crops on growth characteristics and productivity in Sihwa reclaimed land. The summer forage crops used in the trial were silage corn, sorghum×sudangrass hybrid(SSH), and proso millet. For each forage species, Gwangpyeongok(GPO), P15453, P1952 and P2088 were used for silage corn, and 877F, Green star, Honey chew, and Turbo gold cultivars were used for SSH. For proso millet, Ibaekchal, Geumsilchal and Manhongchal developed by the National Institute of Crop Science were used. Silage corn and SSH were sown on May 21, 2019 and proso millet on June 4, and harvested on September 2. There was no significant difference in plant and ear height of silage corn among varieties. P1543 was the highest and P2088 was the lowest in yield of silage corn, but there was no significant difference among treatments. Among the SSH, the plant height of 877F was the highest and Turbo gold variety had the smallest (p<0.05). As for the dry matter(DM) yields, 877F had the highest at 3,862 kg/ha and Green star had the lowest at 2,669 kg/ha (p<0.05). The fresh matter yield of proso millet was 15,778 kg/ha, which was higher than that of corn or SSH, The average dry matter yield was 4,780 kg/ha, and Ibaekchal variety had the highest DM yield compared to other varieties (p<0.05). P2088 had the highest TDN content and GPO was the lowest (p<0.05). As for the SSH, the TDN content of Green star and Honey chew varieties was significantly higher, and the RFV value was the lowest in Turbo gold. The average crude protein content of proso millet was 7.03%, and the highest TDN and RFV values were 64.36% and 106 in Geumsilchal. In the experiment of the germination rate of summer forage crops according to salt concentration, silage corn showed a germination rate of 83.1% even at 0.4% salinity. In particular, P2088 and P1921 varieties had more than 80% germination rate even at 0.6% salt concentration. As for the SSH, the germination rate of 877F was 93.3% even at 0.8% salinity, and 88.3% with Honey chew, indicating higher resistance to salt concentration compared to other varieties. Proso millet showed a high germination rate of 84.0 to 88.7% even at a salt concentration of 0.6%. Considering the above results, proso millet was recommended as the most suitable forage crop species in the Sihwa reclaimed land with high salt concentration, and the Ibaekchal variety is recommended as a suitable forage crop due to its high yield.