• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2012

We introduce the concept of fuzzy $r$-minimal ${\beta}$-open set on a fuzzy minimal space and basic some properties. We also introduce the concept of fuzzy $r-M$ ${\beta}$-continuous mapping which is a generalization of fuzzy $r-M$ continuous mapping and fuzzy $r-M$ semicontinuous mapping, and investigate characterization for the continuity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.250-253
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• 2011

In this paper, we study characterizations of fuzzy weakly r-M continuous function on r-minimal structures in terms of generalized fuzzy r-minimal open sets.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.178-186
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• 1995

Streptomyces albus wild type ATCC 21838 produced salinomycin, polyether antibiotic. To clone genes related salinomycin production, a genomic library was screened using actI as a DNA hybridization probe. pWHM 210 was isolated, which contained an approximately 24 kb of insert DNA. A 3.8 kb region in the 24 kb insert DNA was hybridized to actI and the nucleotide sequence of this region was determinied. Two open reading frames found in the same direction were homologous to genes for $\beta$-keto acyl synthase/acyl transferase and chain length determining factor in type II PKS (polyketide synthase). The genes were components of minimal type II PKS genes, highly conserved and showed the strong simiarity to other type II PKS genes known today.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 1995

Sequence analysis of a DNA region encompassing the site of hybridization to actl, the gene for type II minimal polyketide synthase (PKS) for actinorhodin biosynthesis, from Streptomyces ablus revealed three more complete open reading frames additional to the already found two genes, plausibly encoding ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase/acyl transferase (KS/AT) and chain length determining factor (ClF). The open reading frames (ORFs) were named salA, salD, and salE, from the upstream. In the homology analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences, SalA resembles the Streptomyces glaucescens Tcml, decaketide cyclase, SalD resembles acyl carrier protein in type II PKS, and SalE resembles the Actlll ketoreductase, The whole 4.4 kb of DNA sequence obeys the same conservation pattern as other type II PKSs. Therefore, we suggest that the 4.4 kb DNA from Streptomyces albus encompasses genes encoding enzymes for polyketide biogenesis in the organism and its organization is type II. The exsitence of SaIA, an analogue of the aromatic cyclase, revealed a relatedness of the 4.4 kb DNA with the aromatic PKS.