• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2003

1-Methyl-3-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-1λ$^6$-benzo[d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolidine-2,4,5-triones 5a, 1-ethy1-3-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-lλ$^6$/-benzo[d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolidine-2,4,5-triones 5b 1-phenyl-3-(1,1,3-trioxo-1,3-dihydro-1λ$^6$-benzo [d]isothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolidine-2,4,5-triones 5c were obtained by means of 4 reaction steps involved the reaction of 1-methyl-urea and oxalyl chloride. Biological tests(Plant Response Screening Result, Insect Primary Screening Result and Fungicide Primary Screening Result) of synthesized sacccarin derivatives were executed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.582-585
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• 1989

Two crystal structures of dehydrated $Sr^{2+}\;and\;Tl^+$ exchanged zeolite A, $Sr_xTl_{12-2x}-A$ (x = 1.6 and 5.45), have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Their structures were solved and refined in the cubic space group Pm3m at $21(1)^{\circ}C.$ Both crystals were ion exchanged in flowing streams of mixed $Sr(NO_3)_2\;and\;TlNO_3$ aqueous solution, followed by dehydration at $360^{\circ}C\; and\; 2${\times}$10^{-6}$ Torr for 2 days. Full-matrix least-squares refinements of the dehydrated $Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A (a = 12.214(2){\AA})\; and\;Sr_{5.45}Tl{1.1}-A (a=12.291(2){\AA})$ have converged to final error indices, $R_1=0.055\; and\;R_2=0.061$ with 286 reflections, and R1 = 0.072 and R2 = 0.090 with 217 reflections, respectively, for which$\;I\;{>}\;3{\sigma}(I)$. In both structures, all Sr(II) ions are coordinated by three framework oxygens; Sr(II) to O(3) distances are $2.21(2){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A \;and\;2.31(1){\AA} \;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A,$and Tl(I) to O(3) distances are $2.657(6){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A\;and\;2.845(8){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A,$ respectively. In each structure, the angle subtended at Sr(II), O(3)-Sr(II)-O(3) is $118.7(4)^{\circ}\;for\; Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A \;and\;120.0(4)^{\circ}\;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A.\;Sr^{2+}$ ions prefer to 6-ring sites and $Tl^+$ ions to 8-ring sites when total number of ions per unit cell is more than 8.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.291-299
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• 2009

To elucidate HtrA3's functional roles in the HtrA3 mediated cellular processes, it is necessary to investigate its biochemical characteristics. In the present study, we constructed the plasmids encoding putative mature HtrA3 proteins (M1-HtrA3 and M2-HtrA3) based on the putative maturation sites of highly homologous HtrA1 and mouse HtrA3. We used the pGEX bacterial expression system to develop a simple and rapid purification for the recombinant HtrA3 protein. Although yields of the mature HtrA3 proteins were slightly low as 10~50 ${\mu}g$/L, the amounts and purity of M1- and M2-HtrA3 were enough to investigate their proteolytic activities. The putative mature HtrA3 proteins have proteolytic activity which could cleave $\beta$-casein as an exogenous substrate. We compared the proteolytic activity between the HtrA family, HtrA1, HtrA2, and HtrA3. The cleavage activity of HtrA3 and HtrA2 were 2 folds higher than that of HtrA1, respectively. Our study provides a method for generating useful reagents to identify natural substrates of HtrA3 in the further studies.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.257-260
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• 1990

Hantzch's type reaction of methyl acetopyruvate (2a), methyl 3-aminocrotonate (3) and 3-nitrobenzaldehyde (4) led to dimethyl 3-acetyl-6-methyl-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-2, 5-dicarboxylate (5a) and methyl 2, 6-dimethyl-5-(1', 2'-dioxo-2'-methoxyethyl)-4-(3' nitrophenyl)- 2, 5-dicarboxylate (5a) and methyl 2, 6-dimethyl-5-(1', 2'-dioxo-2'methoxyethyl_4-(3' nitrophenyl)1, 4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (6a) in 26.7 and 9.2% yield, respectively. On the other hand, methyl 2, 60dimethyl-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine 3-carboxylate (9) was acylated by ethyl oxaly chloride to give methyl 2, 6-dimethyl-5-(1', 2'-dioxo-2'-ethoxyethyl)-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-a, 4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (6b) in 76.8% yield.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 1984

A number of studies on the papillae of cercariae of trematodes reported that the papillar patterns (or chaetotaxy) of cercariae might be an excellent method to attain better understanding of the digenetic trematodes (Richard, 1971 ; Short and Cartrett, 1973; Bayssade-Dufour, 1979) . The present study was aimed to determine the number, distribution pattern and structure of the sensory papillae of Metagonimus yokogawai cercariae, and to elucidate the chaetotaxy of this digenetic trematode. M. yokogawai cercariae were pipetted from a vial in which infected snails (Semisulcospira libertina) had been kept for 3 hours. The snails were collected from an endemic area of M. yokogawai, Boseong river in west-southern part of Korea. Observations of papillae were based on light microscopy of those stained with silver nitrate, and on scanning electron microscopy The results are summarized as follows: 1, All papillae observed were uniciliated. 2. Cilia in anterior tip were shorter than the others in other portions. 3. The body papillae were arranged in essentially symmetrical patterns, Total number of the papillae was 126(63 pairs) in average; anterior tip 40(20 pairs), ventral 20(10 pairs), lateral 42(21 pairs), and caudal 8(4 pairs). 4. The chaetotany of M. yokogawai cercaria was: Ci cycle ($3+3C_{I}V,{\;}2+2C_{I}L,{\;}2+3C_{I}D),{\;}C_{II}{\;}cycle(2C_{II}V,{\;}1C_{II}L,{\;}2C_{II}D),{\;}C_{lll}{\;}cycle{\;}(1+lC_{III}V,{\;}1C_{IlI}L),{\;}C_{IV}{\;}cycle{\;}(1C_{IV}V,{\;}IC_{lV}L){\;}in{\;}cephalic{\;}region:{\;}A_I(1A_{IV}V,{\;}1+2A_{I}L,{\;}1A_{I}D),{\;}A_{II}(1A_{II}V,{\;}1+3A_{II}L,{\;}1A_{II}D),{\;}A_{III}(1A_{III}V,{\;}1+1A_{III}L,{\;}1A_{III}D){\;}and{\;}A_{IV}(1A_{IV}V,{\;}2A_{IV}L)$ in antacetabular region: $1M_{I}V{\;}and{\;}2M_{I}L$ in median: $1+1P_{I}L,{\;}1P_{II}L,{\;}1P_{II}D,{\;}1P_{III}L,{\;}1P_{IV}L{\;}and{\;}1P_{IV}D$ in postacetabular region: 2-2-2-2 in caudal region.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.122-122
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• 1993

살균, 정균, 살진균, 정진균등의 효능이 있는 나프토퀴논꼴 화합물인 6-oxo-3, 4, 4a, 5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylnaphtho [1,2] pyran(1)과 그의 유도체인 9-methoxy-6-oxo-3, 4, 4a, 5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethylnaphtho [1,2] pyran(2), 8,9-dimethoxy-6-oxo-3, 4, 4a, 5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethylnaph-the [1,2] pyran(3), 9-bromomethyl-6-oxo-3, 4, 4a, 5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethyl-naphtho [1,2] pyran(4)와 8, 9-methylenedioxy-6-oxo-3, 4, 4a, 5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethylnaphtho [1,2] pyran(5)을 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 benzene, anisole, 1, 2-di-methoxybenzene, bromomethylbenzene, 1, 3-benzodioxole등을 원료로 하여 합성하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2000

In previous study, both constitutive expression and 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC)-mediated elevation of CYP1A2 mRNA were demonstrated in human hepatoma HepG2 cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), suggesting that HepG2 cells would be appropriate for the study of human CYP1A2 regulation(Chung and Bresnick, 1994). Further studies were conducted to determine the basis of this induction phenomenon that is observed in HepG2 cells. Since CYP1A1 gene, another polycyclic hydrocarbon(PH)-inducible gene, is regulated by PHs through their interactions via receptors with cis-elements, the 5'-flanking region of human CYP 1A2 gene was analyzed to search such responsive elements. The promoter activity of various lengths of CYP1A2 gene sequence (-3203/+58bp) was measured in transiently-transfected HepG2 cells by fusion constructs containing the CAT, hGH or luciferase genes as a reporter. This region of the CYP1A2 gene, although containing a XRE, was only weakly responsive (less than 2 fold induction) to 10 nM of TCDD or 1 $\mu$M 3 MC treatment. This small enhancement of promoter activity is inconsistent with the previous observation, i.e., 12 to 14 fold-enhanced CYP1A2 mRNA from 1 $\mu$M 3 MC treated HepG2 cells, suggesting that additional mechanisms would exist for PH-mediated induction of CYP1A2 in these cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.909-918
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• 1996

Syntheses of carbapenam skeletons were achieved from 1,3-propanediol through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. 3-(Tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-(10) and 3-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy) propanal (13) were obtained from 1,3-propanediol. 3-Hydroxypropanals (10, 13, 14) were reacted with N-hydroxyglycine esters to give C-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-alkoxycarbonylmethylnitrones (15a-15d). 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of the nitrones with methyl acrylate or ethyl crotonate gave 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)isoxazolidines (16a-16b, 17a-17b, 18, 19a-19b). 3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)isoxazolidines (17a, 17c, 19a, 19b) were converted to 3-(2-iodoethyl)isoxazolidines (21a-21d) or 3-phenylthiocarbonylmethylisoxazolidines (25a-25d) which were cyclized to give 2-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octanedicarboxylates (22a-22d, 26a-26d). 2-Oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-4,8-dicarboxylates (22c-22d, 26c-26d) were transformed to 6-(l-hydroxyethyl)carbapenam-3-carboxylates (30a-30b, 31a-31b).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.248-251
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• 1999

The microwave dielectric properties of The Dielectric Properties of $Ba_{1-x}$A$_{x}$(Mg$_{1}$3/Nb$_{2}$3/)O$_3$ (A = Sr, Ca, x = 0, 0.2 ,0.4 ,0.6, 0.8, 1.0) were investigated. In composition of $Ba_{1-x}$A$_{x}$(Mg$_{1}$3/Nb$_{2}$3/)O, densities are decreased with increasing x values. Grain sizes are decreased with Sr content and Increased with Ca content. The hexagonally ordered superstructure was observed in $Ba_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$(Mg$_{1}$3/Nb$_{2}$3/)O$_3$(BSMN) systems, the intensity of superlattice increased with x value. In $Ba_{1-x}$Cr$_{x}$(Mg$_{1}$3/Nb$_{2}$3/)O$_3$(BSMN) systems, the additional diffraction patterns were shown. The highest value of $\varepsilon$$_{r}$ was shown in x=0.2 of BCMN systems and the value was 41.9. The highest Q$\times$f was shown in x=0.2 of BSMN systems and the value was 68,000. $\tau$$_{f}$ were shown 0 ppm/$^{\circ}C$ near x=0.8.TEX> near x=0.8.0.8.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.781-791
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• 2016

Let $d_*(1,w)^2 ={\mathbb{R}}^2$ with the octagonal norm of weight w. It is the two dimensional real predual of Lorentz sequence space. In this paper we classify the smooth points of the unit ball of the space of symmetric bilinear forms on $d_*(1,w)^2$. We also show that the unit sphere of the space of symmetric bilinear forms on $d_*(1,w)^2$ is the disjoint union of the sets of smooth points, extreme points and the set A as follows: $$S_{{\mathcal{L}}_s(^2d_*(1,w)^2)}=smB_{{\mathcal{L}}_s(^2d_*(1,w)^2)}{\bigcup}extB_{{\mathcal{L}}_s(^2d_*(1,w)^2)}{\bigcup}A$$, where the set A consists of $ax_1x_2+by_1y_2+c(x_1y_2+x_2y_1)$ with (a = b = 0, $c={\pm}{\frac{1}{1+w^2}}$), ($a{\neq}b$, $ab{\geq}0$, c = 0), (a = b, 0 < ac, 0 < ${\mid}c{\mid}$ < ${\mid}a{\mid}$), ($a{\neq}{\mid}c{\mid}$, a = -b, 0 < ac, 0 < ${\mid}c{\mid}$), ($a={\frac{1-w}{1+w}}$, b = 0, $c={\frac{1}{1+w}}$), ($a={\frac{1+w+w(w^2-3)c}{1+w^2}}$, $b={\frac{w-1+(1-3w^2)c}{w(1+w^2)}}$, ${\frac{1}{2+2w}}$ < c < ${\frac{1}{(1+w)^2(1-w)}}$, $c{\neq}{\frac{1}{1+2w-w^2}}$), ($a={\frac{1+w(1+w)c}{1+w}}$, $b={\frac{-1+(1+w)c}{w(1+w)}}$, 0 < c < $\frac{1}{2+2w}$) or ($a={\frac{1=w(1+w)c}{1+w}}$, $b={\frac{1-(1+w)c}{1+w}}$, $\frac{1}{1+w}$ < c < $\frac{1}{(1+w)^2(1-w)}$).