• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.38-41
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• 1995

화석연료의 연소에 의하여 방출되는 SO$_2$ 와 NO 에 의한 대기오염의 심각성은 이미 잘 알려져 있으며 그에 따른 배출규제 또한 강화되고 있다. 최근에는 탈황과 탈질을 동시에 처리하는 동시 탈황탈질 공정의 연구가 진행되고 있다. 동시제거 공정은 주로 흡수제/촉매를 토대로 개발되고 있으며 산화구리가 담지된 알루미나 (CuO/${\gamma}$-A1$_2$O$_3$) 흡수제/촉매는 SOx, NOx 동시제거에 효과적인 물질로 알려져 있다. 담지된 CuO 와 담체 A1$_2$O$_3$는 SO$_2$ 와 $O_2$ 존재하에 반응하여 CuSO$_4$ 와 $Al_2$(SO$_4$)$_3$ 가되며 [1] CuSO$_4$ 와 미반응된 CuO 는 NO 제거를 위한 촉매로서의 역할을 하게 된다 [2].

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2007

It was investigated to develop the technology for simultaneous removal of $SO_2/NO$ in flue gas using liquid homogeneous catalyst. Test was carried out using a bench scale and a pilot scale experiment. The investigation led to the following results: 1) Removal efficiency of $SO_2$ gas showed good results regardless of operating condition. Removal efficiency of NO gas, however, proportionally increased with higher packing height, lower concentration and larger injection rate of catalyst 2) The optimum design parameters for simultaneous removal of $SO_2/NO$ gas using Fe(II)-EDTA catalyst were as follow: HTU(height of transfer unit) = 0.5 m, liquid gas ratio = 20 $L/m^3$, NTU (number of transfer unit) = 3 stages, cross dimension of scrubber=0.025 $m^2$ 3) The removal efficiencies of $SO_2$ and NO were 95% and 81%, repletely. 4) The high HTU is advantageous on removal of the NO, but the excessive HTU diminishes operating efficiency. Consequently, it is important to decide the HTU of optimum.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.256-262
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• 2002

After porous filters were manufactured using cordierite powder whose mean paricle size was 200${\mu}m$, they were loaded with catalysts such as $V_2O_5$, CuO and $LaCoO_3$ by vacuum impregnation method. And the NOx/SOx simultaneous removal efficiency was measured by passing NO and $SO_2$ through catalyst-loaded ceramic filters. The cordierite porous filters had the apparent porosity of 61.6%, the compressive strength of 12.3 MPa and the pressure drop of 147 pa at the face velocity of 5 cm/sec. According to the analysis of NO/$SO_2$ simultaneous removal efficiency, perovskite $LaCoO_3$ catalyst was the most efficient for the simultaneous NO and $SO_2$ removal. The $LaCoO_3$ catalyst-loaded filter could remove more than 90% for NO and more than 80% for $SO_2$.

• Clean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.341-349
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• 2021

In combustion facilities, the nitrogen and sulfur in fossil fuels react with oxygen to generate air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NO_X) and sulfur oxides (SO_X), which are harmful to the human body and cause environmental pollution. There are regulations worldwide to reduce NO_X and SO_X, and various technologies are being applied to meet these regulations. There are commercialized methods to reduce NO_X and SO_X emissions such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD), but due to the disadvantages of these methods, many studies have been conducted to simultaneously remove NO_X and SO_X. However, even in the NO_X and SO_X simultaneous removal methods, there are problems with wastewater generation due to oxidants and absorbents, costs incurred due to the use of catalysts and electrolysis to activate specific oxidants, and the harmfulness of gas oxidants themselves. Therefore, in this research, microbubbles generated in a high-pressure disperser and reducing agents were used to reduce costs and facilitate wastewater treatment in order to compensate for the shortcomings of the NO_X, SO_X simultaneous treatment method. It was confirmed through image processing and ESR (electron spin resonance) analysis that the disperser generates real microbubbles. NO_X and SO_X removal tests according to temperature were also conducted using only microbubbles. In addition, the removal efficiencies of NO_X and SO_X are about 75% and 99% using a reducing agent and microbubbles to reduce wastewater. When a small amount of oxidizing agent was added to this microbubble system, both NO_X and SO_X removal rates achieved 99% or more. Based on these findings, it is expected that this suggested method will contribute to solving the cost and environmental problems associated with the wet oxidation removal method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.97-100
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• 1994

산화구리가 담지된 알루미나 흡수제/촉매를 이용하여 유황산화물과 질소산화물의 제거반응 특성을 고정층 반응기를 이용하여 고찰하였다. 반응온도가 증가할 수록 $350^{\circ}C$까지 탈질 효율이 증가하였으며 그 이상의 온도에서는 암모니아의 산화에 의하여 탈질효율이 감소하였다. 암모니아의 $NO_{x}$ 선택성은 $SO_{x}$ 가 존재하지 않는 경우에 $NH_3/NO_{x}$mole 비 1.0 까지 유지되었으나 $SO_{x}$ 가 존재하면 선택성은 매우 감소하였다. 동시제거 반응의 경우 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 효과적이었으며 $350^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 암모늄 염의 생성으로 인하여 탈질효율의 감소가 반응시간이 증가함에 따라서 감소하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

NO oxidation is an important prerequisite step to assist the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) at low temperatures ($<200^{\circ}C$). Therefore, we conducted the lab- and bench-scales experiments appling the sodium chlorite powder ($NaClO_2(s)$) for the oxidation of NO to $NO_2$ and the carbon-based catalyst for the reduction of $NO_x$ and $SO_2$; the lab- and bench-scales experiments were conducted in laboratory and iron-ore sintering plant, respectively. In the lab-scale experiment, known concentrations of $NO_x$ (200 ppm), $SO_2$ (75 ppm), $H_2O$ (10%) and $NH_3$ (400 ppm) in 2.6 L/min were introduced into a packed-bed reactor containing $NaClO_2(s)$, then gases produced by the reaction with $NaClO_2(s)$ were fed into the carbon-based catalyst (space velocity = $2,000hr^{-1}$) at $130^{\circ}C$. In the bench-scale experiment, flue gases of $50Nm^3/hr$ containing 120 ppm NO and 150 ppm $SO_2$ were taken out from the duct of iron-ore sintering plant, then introduced into the flow reactor; $NaClO_2(s)$ were injected into the flow reactor using a screw feeder. Gases produced by the reaction with $NaClO_2(s)$ were introduced into the carbon-based catalyst (space velocity = $1,000hr^{-1}$). Results have shown that, in both lab- and bench-scales experiments, NO was oxidized to $NO_2$ by $NaClO_2(s)$. In addition, above 90% of $NO_x$ and $SO_2$ removal were obtained at the carbon-based catalyst. These results lead us to suggest that the combination of $NaClO_2(s)$ with the carbon-based catalyst has the potential to achieve the simultaneous removal of $NO_x$ and $SO_2$ at low temperature ($<200^{\circ}C$).

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.150-158
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• 1999

본 연구는 저온플라즈마를 이용하여 배기가스중의 SOx와 NOx를 동시에 처리하는 공정을 개발하는 것으로서, 최적의 반응제 선정과 효율적인 공정의 구성을 위해 SOx, NOx와 반응제와 반응기구를 밝히고자 하였다. 실험은 1.0 N㎥/h의 모사가스를 이용한 기초실험과 20 N㎥/h의 실제 연소가스를 이용한 실험으로 진행되었으며, 반응제로는 NH3와 파리핀계 및 올레핀계 탄화수소를 사용하였다. NH3를 반응제로 한 SO2 제거반응은 비플라즈마 조건에서는 NH4HSO3, 플라즈마 조건에서는 (NH4)2SO4의 생성반응이었고, 두 조건 모두 높은 제거율을 나타냈다. 반응제를 사용하지 않은 플라즈마 조건에서 SO2는 환원반응이 일어나고 O2 농도의 증가는 역반응을 증가시키는 화학평형에 의해 SO2의 제거율이 감소되었다. 플라즈마 조건에서 NO는 O2농도가 낮은 경우는 NO의 환원반응이 주로 일어나고, O2 농도가 높을 경우는 산화반응이 지배적이었다. 올레핀계 탄화수소는 플라즈마 조건에서 NO 산화 반응에 탁월한 효과를 보였을 뿐만 아니라 SO2 제거에도 효과를 보여 최대 40%의 제거율을 나타냈으며, NH3의 사용을 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 2005

In this study, we have analyzed the removal efficiencies of $SO_2$ and $SO_2/NO$ by the pulsed corona discharge process and investigated the effects of several process variables on those removal efficiencies systematically. The effects of process variables such as applied voltage, pulse frequency, residence time, and initial concentrations of reactants (NO, $SO_2$, $NH_3$, $H_2O$, and $O_2$) on the removal efficiency were analyzed. As the applied voltage, the pulse frequency or the residence time increases or as the $O_2$ or the $H_2O$ or the $NH_3$ concentration in the inlet feed gas stream increases, the $SO_2$ removal efficiencies and the simultaneous removal efficiencies of $SO_2/NO$ also increase. These experimental results can be used as a basis to design the pulsed corona discharge process to remove $NO_x$ and $SO_x$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.451-452
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.449-450
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• 2004