• Title/Summary/Keyword: $SBOD_5/SCOD_{Cr}$

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A study on VFAs recovery from food waste for exterior carbon source of denitrification (탈질화의 외부 탄소원 제공을 위한 음식폐기물의 유기산발효)

  • 장성호;조한진;손영일
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 2000
  • This study's purpose is the investigating the created liquid post-acid fermentation of usability of denitrification as exterior carbon sources by loading capacity of Organic matters. The time of acid fermentation of food waste, the slower loading capacity of organic matter, the faster decomposition fate, but the density of generation $VFA_S$ was weak and, $SBOD_5$ : ST-N rate and $SBOD_5/SCOD_{Cr}$ rate was low. Between TS and VS, VS was decreased to 6th day rast, and then was decreased slowly. Two days after stating the experiments, $SCOD_{Cr}$, $SBOD_5$, STOC and $VFA_S$ was decreased or increased slowly, and then increased fast. And after showing the highest density, it was tended to decreased fast. About 5 days after, because about 5 days later $CH_4$ bacteria activity due to the accumulation of $VFA_S$ was limited, $CH_4$ density was weak. When highest density in the acquisition of VFA, $R_1$ was $10,120mg/{\ell}$, $R_2$ was $11,380mg/{\ell}$, $R_3$was $13,720mg/{\ell}$. So $R_3$ only cut was highest generation. At the time of $SBOD_5$ with the highest density, at $SBOD_5$ : ST-N ratio, $R_1$ was 243:1, $R_2$ was 278:1, $R_3$ was 293:1. All of these were high $SBOD_5$ : ST-N ratios. And $R_3$ was the highest. After studying $SBOD_5$ : ST-N ratio and $SBCD_5/SCOD_{Cr}$ ratio, as a carbon source of biological denitrification it was profitable composition ratio.

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Effect of pH on the $VFA_s$ fermentation in the anaerobic treatment of food waste (pH조절이 음식폐기물의 유기산발효에 미치는 영향)

  • 조한진;성낙창;김은호;장성호;손영일;박진식
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the created liquid post-acid fermentation of usability of denitrification as exterior carbon sources by pH control. The time of acid fermentation of food waste, the slower loading capacity of organic matter, the faster decomposition rate, but the density of generation Volatile Fermentation Acids(VFAs), was weak and, $SBOD_{5}$ : ST-N rate and $SBOD_{5}/SCOD_{Cr}$ rate was low. Between TS and VS, VS was decreased to 4.5th day fast, and then was decreased slowly. 1.5 days after stating the experiments, $SCOD_{Cr}$, $SBOD_{5}$, STOC and $VFA_{s}$ was decreased of increased slowly, and then increased fast. And after showing the highest density, it was tended to decreased fast. At the time of $SBOD_{5}$ with the highest density, at $SBOD_{5}$ : ST-N ratio, $R_1$ was 303:1, $R_2$ was 319:1, $R_3$was the highest. After studying $SBOD_{5}$ : ST-N ratio and $SBOD_{5}/SCOD_{Cr}$ ratio, as a carbon source of biological denitrification it was profitable composition ratio.

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A Study on the Correlation of Organic Factors in Municipal Waste Water (도시하수중 유기인자의 상호기관에 관한 연구)

  • 황상용;손종열;우완기
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.55-61
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    • 1990
  • Laboratory methods commonly used today are biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon. Establishment of constant relationships among the various measures of organic content depends primarily on the nature of the wastewater and its source. Of all the measures, the most difficult to correlate to the others is the BODs test, because of the problems associated with biological tests. The results were summarized as follwos, 1. For typical municipal wastes, however, the SBOD$_{5}$/SCOD$_{cr}$ ratio varies from 0.14 to 0.34(mean 0.21), SBOD$_{5}$/STOC ratio varies from 0.35 to 1.19(mean 0.69) 2. Correlation analysis between the SBOD$_{5}$ and SCOD$_{cr}$ gave good correlation coefficient r = 0.903 and the equation Y = 3.756X + 16,221 was obtained. 3. The correlation between the SBOD$_{5}$ and STOC was well presented with equation : Y = 1,070X + 7,637, and also correlation coefficient r = 0.821 4. The correlation between the SCOD$_{cr}$ and STOC was well presented with equation : Y = 0.256X +5.513 and also correlation coefficient r = 0.816. 5. Because of the rapidity with which the TOC test can be conducted, it is anticipated that more use will be made of these tests in the future.

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Refractory Textile Wastewater Treatment Using Cell-Immobilized Polyethylene glycol Media (PEG 포괄고정화담체를 이용한 난분해성 염색폐수 처리)

  • Han, Duk-Gyu;Cho, Young-Jin;Bae, Woo-Keun;Hwang, Byung-Ho;Lee, Yong-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.345-350
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    • 2006
  • This study investigated the removal of recalcitrant organics in dyeing wastewater using a fluidized bed reactor(FBR) that contained cell-immobilized pellets. The pellets were manufactured and condensing the gel phase by mixing PEG-polymer and cells to form micro-porous PEG-polymer pellets whose size were ${\Phi}\;4mm{\times}H\;4mm$ on average. An industrial activated sludge without any pre-adaptation was used for the cell immobilization because it gave an equivalent removal efficiency to a pre-adapted sludges. The feed was obtained from an effluent of a biological treatment plant, which contained $SCOD_{Cr}$ of 330 mg/L and $SBOD_5$ of 20 mg/L. The $SCOD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency was over 45% and the effluent $COD_{Mn}$ concentration was less than 100 mg/L at HRTs from 6 to 24 hrs. The optimum HRT in the FBR was determined as 12 hrs considering the removal efficiency and cost. When a raw wastewater containing 768 mg/L of $COD_{Cr}$ was fed to the FBR, the effluent $COD_{Cr}$ concentration increased only slightly, giving a 70% of $COD_{Cr}$ removal or a 97% of $BCOD_5$ removal. This indicated that the FBR had an excellent capability of biodegradable organics removal also. In conclusion, the FBR could be applied to textile wastewater treatment in place of an activated sludge process.

Livestock Wastewater Treatment by Burkholderia cepacia (Burkholderia cepacia를 이용한 축산폐수의 처리)

  • Chung, Paul-Gene;Jo, Seon Yeong;Hyun, Mi-Hee;Kim, Min Jeong;Lee, Eun-Ju;Jeon, Min Sik
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.547-554
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    • 2004
  • We found that the Bacterium Burkholderia cepacia in livestock wastewater treatment plant was predominant species. We investigated the growth rate of this and treatment characteristics for organic matter and nitrogen removal in livestock wastewater using this microorganism. First, we cultured B. cepacia. And then, to conducted treatment for livestock wastewater by using B. cepacia., we changed C/N from 0.2~4.4. When we operated A and B process, changing F/M ratio from 1.2 to 4.4. In experiment of C/N variations, when C/N was 1.8, we found that the optimal condition for organic matter and nutrient removal effect was higher and the removal efficiency of $SCOD_{cr}$, $SBOD_5$,$NH_4-N$ was 78.4%, 95% and 74.8%. So, It is possible to treat the wastewater having the lower C/N contents such as livestock wastewater using this microorganism. In experiment of A and B process for livestock wastewater, we found that the removal efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen in operating mode of A process was higher than that of B process. Also, the optimal F/M operating A process was 0.013 and the removal efficiency of $SBOD_5$, $SCOD_{cr}$, TN and TP were 97%, 60%, 95% and 91%.

Pre-treatment Characteristics of Night Soil by Microbubble (마이크로버블을 이용한 분뇨의 전처리 특성)

  • Lim, Ji-young;Kim, Hyun-sik;Park, Soo-young;Kim, Jin-Han
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of OH radicals on organic matter oxidation and suspended solids removal using microbubble as a pre-treatment technique to reduce the organic load of night soil in connection with sewage. The experiment was conducted for three months at HRT 4 hours using pressurized type microbubble generator. The mean SS removal efficiency was achieved 71%. The average removal efficiency of $TCOD_{Cr}$, TBOD, TN and TP were achieved for 51.5%, 47.9%, and 14.7% respectively, as scum and SS were removed by flotation separation. The removal efficiency of soluble organic matters were 25.0%, 17.1% for $SCOD_{Cr}$, SBOD by air microbubble supply. Soluble nitrogen and phosphorus were removed average of 11.9% and 7.4%, respectively. As s result, it was confirmed that soluble organic matters were removed by air microbubble supplied. Generated OH radicals when the microbubble was collapsed, can decompose the soluble organic matters. Therefore, The microbubble flotation process was installed at the front of night soil treatment process, it will contribute to the stable operation of the subsequent biological treatment facility by oxidation of the dissolved organic matters as well as removal of SS by flotation separation.

Treatment of Refractory Organics in Dyeing Wastewater by Using Cell Immobilized Pellets (고정화담체를 이용한 염색폐수의 난분해성 유기물질 처리)

  • Han, Duk-Gyu;Bae, Woo-Keun;Cho, Young-Jin;Won, Ho-Shik;Lee, Yong-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.27 no.9
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    • pp.917-922
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    • 2005
  • The wastewaters from textile and dyeing industries are difficult to treat due to its high pH, temperature, color intensity and non-biodegradable organic contents. This study investigated the removal of recalcitrant organics in a dyeing wastewater by using a packed bed reactor (PBR) that contained cell-immobilized pellets. The feed, obtained from an effluent of a biological treatment plant, had $SCOD_{Cr}$ of 330 mg/L and $SBOD_5$ of 20 mg/L on average. In immobilizing the cells to a Polyethylene Glycol(PEG) based medium, activated sludges from either a sewage treatment plant or an industrial wastewater treatment plant were used. When the empty bed contact time (EBCT) was above 8 hrs in the PBR, the $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency was over 50% and the $COD_{Mn}$ concentration was 72 mg/L or lower on average, which was substantially lower than the discharge standard of 90 mg/L. The results indicated that the optimum EBCT in the PBR was 8 hrs. The PBR with cell-immobilized pellets was effective as an advanced treatment process after an activated sludge process for treating dyeing wastewaters.

A Study on Volume Reduction of Waste Sludge by Aerobic Thermophilic Bacteria (호기성 호열미생물에 의한 하수슬러지 감량화 효율에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, Yoon-Sun;Kim, Soon-Young;Nam, Duck-Hyun;Park, Chul-Hwi;Kim, Jin-Su;Takada, Kazu
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.497-505
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    • 2005
  • Domestic Sewage Treatment Plants are mostly based on biological treatment, in which large amounts of excess sludge are generated and occupy about 40 ~ 60% of the total sewage treatment costs. Several methods for sludge treatment has been so far reported as upgrading biodegradation of sludge; heat treatment, chemical treatment, including thermo-alkali and ozone, mechanical treatment including ultrasonic pulverization. But, it has a limitation in case of reducing the amount of excess sludge which are already producted. In this study, application of excess sludge reduction process using thermophilic aerobic bacteria for activated sludge was examined. The research was carried out two different stage. one for a biological wastewater treatment and the other for a thermophilic aerobic solubilization of the waste sludge. A portion of excess sludge from the wastewater treatment step was into the thermophilic aerobic sludge solubilization reactor, in which the injected sludge was solubilized by thermophilic aerobic bacteria. The solubilized sludge was returned to the aeration tank in the wastewater treatment step for its further degradation. Sludge solubilization reactor was operated at $63{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ with hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 1.5 ~ 1.7 day. Control group was operated with activated sludge process(AS) and experiment group was operated with three conditions(RUN 1, RUN 2, RUN3). RUN 1 was operated with AS without sludge solubilization reactor. RUN 2 were operated with AS with sludge solubilization reactor to examine correlation between sludge circulation ratio and sludge reduction ratio by setting up sludge circulation ratio to 3. RUN 3 was operated with sludge circulation ratio of 3 and MLSS concentration of 1,700~2,000mg/L to examine optimum operation condition. The quantity of excess sludge production was reduced sharply and in operation of RUN 3, sludge The quantity of excess sludge production was reduced sharply and in operation of RUN 3, sludge solubilization ratio and sludge reduction ratio were 53. 7%, 95.2% respectively. After steady state operation, average concentration of TBOD, SBOD, $TCOD_{Cr}$, $SCOD_{Cr}$, TSS, VSS, T-N, T-P of effluent were 4.5, 1.7, 27 .8, 13.8, 8.1, 6.2, 15.1, 1.8mg/L in the control group and were 5.6, 2.0, 28.6, 19.1, 9.7, 7.2, 16.1, 2.0mg/L in the experimental group respectively. They were appropriate to effluent standard of Sewage Treatment Plants.