• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.681-688
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• 2013

This work is aimed to increase knowledge of the functional exopolysaccharide (EPS) from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in makgeolli, a Korean fermented rice wine. Among LAB strains isolated from makgeolli, strain M76 was selected as a functional strain producing a bioactive EPS, based on its antioxidative activity on the DPPH radical. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed a high sequence similarity (99.0%) with P. acidilactici, but had different biochemical properties with the already known P. acidilactici type strains in the aspect of carbohydrates utilization. The obtained P. acidilactici M76 produced a soluble EPS above 2 g/l. One-step chromatography using gel filtration after ethanol precipitation from the supernatant of P. acidilactici M76 was enough to obtain purified EPS with a single peak, showing a molecular mass of approximately 67 kDa. Componential and structural analyses of EPS by TLC, HPLC, and FT-IR indicated that the EPS is a glucan, consisting of glucose units. The purified EPS had antioxidant activity on the DPPH radical of 45.8% at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. The purified EPS also showed proliferative effect on the pancreatic RIN-m5F cell line and remarkable protection activity on alloxan-induced cytotoxicity. This potent antioxidant and antidiabetic EPS by LAB in makgeolli may contribute to understanding the functionality of makgeolli.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.92-95
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• 1983

The addition products of glutathione to ${\beta}$ -nitrostyrene derivatives were synthesized. ${\beta}$ -Nitrostyrene (1a), p-methyl-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene (1b), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene (1c), o-, m- and p-chloro-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene (1e, 1f, 1g) and o-, m- and p-methoxy-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene (1h, 1i, 1j) undergo addition reactions with glutathione to form S-(2-nitro-1-phenylethyl)-L-glutathione (5a), S-[2-nitro-1-(p-methyl)phenylethyl]-L-glutatione (5b), S-[2-nitro-1-(3', 4', 5'-trimethoxy)phenylethyl]-L-glutathione (5c), S-[2-nitro-1-(o-chloro)phenylethyl]-L-glutathione (5e), S-[2-nitro-1-(m-choro)phenylethyl]-L-glutathione (5f), S-[2-nitro-1-(p-chloro)phenylethyl]-L-glutathione (5g), S-[2-nitro-x-(o-methoxy)-phenylethyl]-L-glutathion e(5h), S-[2-nitro-x-(m-methoxy)phenylethyl]-L-glutathion e (5i), and S-[2-nitro-1-(p-methoxy)phenylethy])-L-glutathione (5j), respectively. The structure of adducts were identified by UV and IR-spectra, molecular weight measurement, and elemental analysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.125-129
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• 1981

The addition reactions of cysteine without blocking amino and carboxyl groups to substituted and unsubstituted ${\beta}$-nitro-styrene derivatives were investigated. ${\beta}$-Nitrostyrene(1a), p-methyl-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene(1b), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-$[\beta}$ -nitrostyrene(1c), $[\varpi}$-3,4-methylenedioxy-${\beta}$ -nitrostyrene(1d), o-, m- and p-chloro-${\beta}$ -nitrostyrene (1e, 1f, 1g) and o-, m- and p-methoxy-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene (1h, 1i, 1j) easily undergo addition reactions with cysteine to form S-(2-nitro-1-phenylethyl)-L-cysteine(3a), S-[2-nitro-1-(p-methyl)phenyl-ethyl]-L-cysteine(3b), S-[2-nitro-1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxy) phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3c), S-[2-nitro-1-($[\vatpi}$ -3',4'-methylenedioxy)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3d), S-[2-nitro-1-(o-chloro)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3e), S-[2-nitro-1-(m-chloro)-phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3f), S-[2-nitro-1-(p-chloro)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3g), S-[2-nitro-1-(o-methoxy)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3h), S-[2-nitro-1-(m-methoxy)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3i) and S-[2-nitro-1-(p-methoxy)phenylethyl]-L-cysteine(3j), respectively. The structure of adducts were confirmed by means of UV-spectrum, IR-spectrum, molecular weight measurement and elemental analysis. The various factors effecting the yield of cysteine adducts to ${\beta}$-nitrostyrene derivatives were also studied.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.737-750
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• 2018

Effects of acid soaking (AS) and thermal sterilization (TS) on the shape and quality characteristics of Tteokbokki rice cake (TRC) were investigated. The F-value of a sequential process (SP) of the combination of AS and TS was quantitatively determined with a reference microorganism of Bacillus cereus. F-values were evaluated according to the minimum and the maximum D-value of B. cereus and the reduction exponent (m=12). The heat penetration curves at cold point (CP) of TRC (400 g) were used to estimate the TS time at 121, 100, and $95^{\circ}C$. F-values of the SP were revised according to the adjusted m values after AS at different pH. The non-uniformity parameters (NUP) of TRC had no significant changes during AS but it dramatically increased after applying TS at a low pH by AS. The result of solubilized starch contents (SSC) demonstrated that the shape changes during SP are related to SSC. The texture characteristics and the whiteness were significantly influenced by a low pH condition (3.5) (p<0.05). Sensory analysis showed that a lower pH and a longer thermal processing time influenced negatively on the acceptability. This study showed that pH 4.0 and $95^{\circ}C$ was an optimum condition for the SP.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of the water extract of Lespedeza cuneata (LCW) using rat insulinoma (RIN) m5F cells and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The effect of LCW on the protection of pancreatic beta cells was assessed using MTT assay, and nitric oxide production was assessed using Griess reagent. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight of LCW for 5 weeks. In results, LCW significantly protected cytokine-induced toxicity and NO production, and increased insulin secretion in RINm5F cells. LCW significantly decreased serum blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) levels, and renal fibronectin expression in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Also, LCW effectively improved BW loss in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Thus, our results suggest that LCW has a beneficial effect on cytokine-induced pancreatic beta cell damage and biomarkers of diabetic complication in hyperglycemic rats.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the water extract of Aurantii fructus immaturus (WAF), in diabetic models using enzyme, cells and mice, and to suggest a putative mechanism explaining its antidiabetic effect. In an enzyme model using the enzyme α-glucosidase, WAF had no significant effect on α-glucosidase, as compared with acarbose, an antidiabetic drug. Nonetheless, WAF was capable of reducing the blood glucose levels during oral sucrose tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test, implying that there would be other antidiabetic pathways in no relation to inhibition of α-glucosidase. In cell models using RIN-m5f β-cells and L6 myotubes, WAF, at its non-cytotoxic doses, augmented the secretion of insulin in RIN-m5f β-cells stimulated with 5 mM glucose. In addition, it enhanced the cellular uptake of glucose in L6 myotubes stimulated with deprivation of glucose for 12 h. Therefore, it is most likely that WAF may exert its antidiabetic effects, at least in part, by enhancing insulin secretion and glucose uptake. Meanwhile, in diabetic mice induced with peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), WAF significantly improved fast blood glucose levels, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, body weight loose, blood pressure, and diabetic adverse effects on functions of the kidney and the liver. Taken together, the water extract of Aurantii fructus immaturus may ameliorate diabetes in mice injected with STZ, at least in part, by enhancing insulin secretion and glucose uptake.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2007

진세노사이드의 인슐린 분비 활성을 비교해 본 결과 PPD 계열 진세노사이드가 인슐린의 분비를 촉진하는 경향을 보였으며, 그 중에서도 CK의 인슐린 분비 촉진 효과가 가장 뛰어났다. CK는 RIN-m5F cell line과 일차 배양한 췌장 소도 세포에서 용량 의존적으로 인슐린의 분비를 촉진하였고 이러한 CK의 인슐린 분비 촉진 기전은 ATP-sensitive $K^+$ 채널의 봉쇄에 의한 것임을 확인하였다. H4IIE cell line에서 간 세포내 당신생과 관련된 효소의 발현을 측정한 결과 CK는 dexamethasone/cAMP에 의한 PEPCK 와 G6Pase의 발현을 억제하였다. 이로 미루어 볼 때, CK는 간에서 당의 신생을 억제하여 공복 시 혈당을 감소시킬 수 있음을 시사하였다. 또한 3T3-L1 cell line에서 TG의 함량과 $PPAR-{\gamma}$ 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 CK는 $PPAR-{\gamma}$의 발현을 억제하여 결과 지방세포의 분화를 억제하였다. 결론적으로 CK는 췌장에서 ATP-sensitive $K^+$ channel을 봉쇄함으로 인슐린 분비를 촉진시키고 또한 간세포에서 당 신생을 억제함으로 식후 및 공복 시 혈당을 감소시킬 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.106-106
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• 2019

The leaves of Phaleria nisidai Kaneh. have been used as a beverage for tonic and immune-enhancing effect in Palau. Recently, extract of the plants showed anti-diabetic effect in clinical trial and possibility could be used as a medicine for diabetes. However, in vitro and in vivo experiments which elucidate cytotoxicity and biological mechanism have not been studied yet. To begin the series of in vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic studies, we evaluated cell viability of pancreatic beta cell lines to figure it out toxicity of the extract. The leaves of Phaleria nisidai were extracted with distilled water and 70% EtOH, and followed by evaporation and lyophilization. And, MIN6 and RIN-m5F cell lines were used for assessment of cell viability. MTT assay was adopted to evaluated a toxicity. Any of extract and concentration used in this study did not show cytotoxicity in the cell lines. Furthermore, morphological change was not observed. These results means Phaleria nisidai might be a medicinal resource when further biological and safety studies would be performed.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2024

Insulin resistance is a primary risk factor for developing diabetes. However, diabetes drugs generally focus on regulating and lowering patients' blood glucose levels. In recent years, diverse materials have been evaluated to improve insulin resistance and hinder the development of diabetes. Momordica charantia extract (MCE) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been considered as potential therapeutic agents against insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. In a streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes animal model, treatment with MCE and LAB had no effect on hyperglycemia. To evaluate the effect of MCE and LAB on insulin resistance, we chose a high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance model and co-administered MCE and Lactobacillus Acidophilus CBT-LA1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CBT-LP3, or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CBT-LR5. MCE with CBT-LA1 or CBT-LP3 improved insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis. However, the effect of MCE and MCE with CBT-LR5 was weaker than the effect of MCE with CBT-LA1 or CBT-LP3. Momordica charantia induced insulin secretion from RIN-m5F in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, CBT-LA1 and CBT-LP3 enhanced the insulin secretion of MCE. These results suggest that the co-administration of MCE and a specific LAB is one approach for overcoming insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2012

New onset diabetes is a major complication after kidney transplantation. However, the natural course of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the detailed natural courses of PTDM according to the onset and persistency of hyperglycemia, and to investigate risk factors for development of different courses of PTDM in renal allograft recipients. The purpose of this study is to develop novel immune suppressants for PTDM using of action mechanism of them. The use of immunosuppressive drugs in transplanted patients is associated with the development of diabetes, possibly due to ${\beta}$-cell toxicity. To better understand the mechanisms leading to post-transplant diabetes, we investigated the actions of prolonged exposure of ${\beta}$-cells to therapeutical levels of tacrolimus (FK506) or cyclosporin A(CsA). The immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine(CsA) is a potent agent widely used after organ transplantations and various autoimmune disorders. After using CsA, some patients suffer severe complications including renal and vascular toxicity. The renal or vascular toxicity is influenced by the degree of the endothelial damage. FK506(tacrolimus) is a widely used immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of various medical conditions, including autoimmune disease, bone marrow and organ transplantations. We found some interesting clusters and confirmed the feasibility of cDNA microarray in the study of Immunosuppressant. In this study, we investigated gene expression patterns induced by Immunosuppressant in RIN-m5F of rat insulinoma cell line. Gene expressions evaluated using cDNA microarry in two clusters were increased or decreased. this study provides comprehensive comparison of the patterns of gene expression changes induced by CsA and FK506 in ${\beta}$-cells. This study could establish that the mode of action mechanism by which currently used insulin inhibitors inducing PTDM could be elucidated at least in part, which raises the possibility that novel immune suppressive PTDM can be developed. The molecular biological study on PTDM will also contribute the progress in diabetes research field as well as in that of PTDM.