• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2008

Carbon utilization by Chryseobacterium strain KJ1R5 was studied to enhance its biocontrol activity against Phytophthora capsid. Chryseobacterium strain KJ1R5 has previously been shown to control Phytophthora blight of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Strain KJ1R5 could utilize carbon sources such as L-arabinose, D-cellobiose, ${\beta}-lactose$ and D-galactose well. P. capsici could utilize D-glucose well, showing the absorbencies ranged from 0.577 to 0.767 at 600nm. When 2% L-arabinose, which could only be utilized by the bio-control strain KJ1R5, was amended into the bacterial suspension, the efficacy of biological control increased. Among the amendments of various carbon sources into bacterial suspension, L-arabinose and D-(+)-glucose significantly enhanced biological control activity, resulting in a reduction of disease incidence to 6.9%, compared to 21.9% for the strain KJ1R5 alone and 81.3% for P. capsici inoculation alone, indicating that amendment with specific carbon sources could increase the biological control activity.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 제10차 국제학술회의 및 추계정기 학술발표회
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• pp.47-47
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• 2003

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to suppress phytopthora blight. This suppression has been related to both microbial antagonism and induced resistance. The PGPR isolates were screened by dual culture plate method and most of the isolates were showed varyinglevels of antagonism. Among the PGPR isolates pyoverdin, pyochelin and salicylic acid producing strains showed the maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici and increased plant growth promotion in red pepper. PGPR isolatesfurther analysed for its ability to induce production of defence related enzymes and chemicals. The activities such as Phenyle alanin ammonia lyase (PAL), Peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and accumulation of phenolics were observed in PGPR pretreated red pepper plants challenged with Phytophthora capsici. The present study shows that an addition of direct antagonism and plant growth promotion, induction of defense related enzymes involved to enhance resistance against invasion of P. capsici in red pepper.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 1981

고추 역병균의 균사생장 및 유주자낭 형성에 미치는 광선 및 pH의 효과를 조사하기 위하여 PC7971외 2균주를 공시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 역병균의 생육적온은 $25^{\circ}C$ 내외이었고, 2. 생육적정 pH는 6.0부근이었다. 3. 유주자낭 형성에는 광이 필요했으며 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 2,000Lux의 광도가 유주자낭 형성에 가장 효과적이었고, 4. 광처리후 56시간까지 급속한 형성을 보였다. 5. Oat meal배지와 V-8 Juice 배지가 Bean meal배지보다 현저히 많은 유주자낭을 형성하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3297-3300
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• 2010

In this study, the 3D-QSARs (three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships: CoMFA and CoMSIA) between structural changes of N-phenyl-O-phenylthionocarbamate analogues (1-30) and their fungicidal activities against the capsicum phytophthora (Phyophthora capsici) fungi were analyzed, then considered quantitatively in terms of minimum structural requirements for fungicidal evaluation. The statistical qualities ($r^2_{cv.}$ = 0.510 and $r^2_{ncv.}$ = 0.948) of the optimal CoMFA 1 model are improved over the other models in the conditions of field combinations, and the two alignments. In the optimal CoMFA 1 model, relative contribution percentages of the CoMFA field were: steric field, 52.3%; electrostatic field, 37.8%; hydrophobic field, 9.9%. Results were similar for the CoMFA 2 model. Therefore, the steric field of the analogues had the highest contribution ratio for fungicidal activity. Specifically, with the contour map of steric fields, the fungicidal activity increased when bulky steric Y-substituents were introduced to the meta-position on the N-phenyl ring and small steric Y-subsituents were introduced to its para-position.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 1993

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain B5 with antagonistic activity against Phytophthora capsici and Magnaporthe grisea, was isolated from pepper-growing soil. From the culture of P. aeruginosa strain B5 grown on King's medium B, antibiotic substances were purified using XAD-2 column chromatography. XAD-2 eluates inhibited not only the mycelial growth of P. capsid and M. grisea, but also the development of Phytophthora blight on pepper plants. The crude antibiotic substances were further purified by using silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates, and high performance liquid chromatography. Silica gel column chromatogrphy gave good separation of the four antibiotic substances. The pure antibiotics P1, P2, and P3 finally purified by preparative HPLC inhibited the mycelial growth of P. capsici, at concentrations from 7 to 10 $\mu g/ml$. Only P1 and P2 had antifungal activity against M. grisea at 8 $\mu g/ml$. P1 and P3 were highly inhibitory to the mycelial growth of Botryosphaeria dothidea and Botrytis cinerea at relatively low concentrations. However, the three antibiotics had no antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. The chemical structures of these antibiotics are being identified.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.228-235
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• 1999

Genetic diversity of ninety-five Korean isolates of Phytophthora was investigated on the basis of PCR-RFLP of ribosomal DNA. The isolates were previously identified as following fifteen species by mycological and cultural characteristics; P. boehmeriae, P. cactorum, P. cambivora, P. capsici, P. cinnamoni, P. citricola, P. citrophthora, P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri, P. erythroseptica, P. infestans, P. megasperma, P. nicotianae, P. palmivora and P. sojae. The regions of small subunit (SSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA were amplified with primer pair, NS1 and ITS4, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digested with nine restriction enzymes. P. boehmeriae, P. cactorum, P. cambivora, P. capsici, P. cinnamomi, P. citricola, P. citrphthora, P. infestans, P. nicotianae and P. palmivora showed specific band patterns for each species. However, P. sojae and P. erythroseptica presented identical band patterns and P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri and P. megasperma were divided into six groups, which were not compatible with delineation of the species. A group originated from cucurbits showed distinct band patterns from other groups, but the other five groups were closely related within 96.0% similarity, forming one complex group. Consequently, Korean isolates of Phytophthora were divided into thirteen genetic groups and each group was readily differentiated by comparing digestion patterns of AvaII, HaeIII, MboI, HhaI and MspI. Therefore, PCR-RFLP of rDNA using the five enzymes can be used to differentiate or identify the Phytophthora species reported in Korea so far.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2003

항진균성 항생물질에 의한 고추역병의 생물방제에 관한 연구를 위하여 지역 경작지에서 고추역병균 P. capsici 생육을 저해는 다기능의 강력한 길항세균을 선발하였다 선발된 균주는 배양학적, 생리학적, 생화학적 실험과 AEI(CHB50) 및 Biolog(Microlog 4.01C) 시스템을 이용하여 동정한 결과 B. megaterium와 97%이상 일치하여 최종적으로 선발된 길항세균을 B. megaterium KL 39로 명명하였다. B.megaterium KL 39의 P. capsic에 대한 길항은 열에 안정하고 n-BuOH에 추출이 되는 저분자성 항생물질과 용매에 추출되지 않은 열에 약한 고분자성의 식물병원균 세포벽 가수분해효소인 cellulase에 의한 것으로 확인되었다. 길항균주 B.megaterium KL 39가 생산하는 항진균성 항생물질은 P.capsici의 포자발아와 균사성장에 큰 영향을 미쳤으며 0.4% fructose, 0.3% yeast extract, 5 mM KCI (pH 8.0)을 포함한 배지에서 3$0^{\circ}C$, 40시간 배양하였을 때 그 생산성이 최대치를 나타내었다. Diaion HP-20 column, silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 column과 HPLC에 의해 항생물질을 정제하였으며 정제된 항생물질은 TLC plate상에서 Ethanol:Ammonia:Wate.(8:1:1)로 전개한 결과 RF value가 0.32를 나타내었으며, 단일물질로 정제된 항생물질을 KL39로 명명하였다. 선발된 길항미생물 E. megaterium KL 39와 정제된 항생물질 KL39를 가지고 고추를 기주식물로 하여 in vivo pot시험 결과 고추역병균 P.capsic게 의해 유발되는 고추역병에 대한 길항력으로 두 가지 모두 고추역병 방제력이 있음을 식물실험에서 확인할 수 있었다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.769-775
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• 2012

Among the phenolic compounds that is generally present in strawberry fruits, five simple phenolics, three flavonoids, and a stilbene were tested for their antimicrobial activity against seven fungi and one oomycete. trans-Cinnamic acid showed strong antimicrobial activity, and the antimicrobial effect of the simple phenolics decreased with an increase in the number of hydroxyl groups. Phytophthora capsici was the most susceptible to the phenolic compounds tested in this study. trans-Cinnamic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and kaempferol were mainly detected in 'Seolhyang' strawberry fruits, and the total phenolic contents of the fruits decreased during their development. Extracts of the green (1-10% red color) and red (above 90% red color) strawberry fruits reduced the mycelial growth and zoospore germination rate of P. capsici, and the extract of red strawberry fruit showed strong antimicrobial activity against the zoospore germination of P. capsici. These results indicate that strawberry fruits contain antimicrobial phenolic compounds and that strawberry fruit extract can be used as a natural fungistat.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2013

Phytophthora capsici는 고추에 역병을 일으켜 우리나라뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 심각한 피해를 주는 대표적인 식물병원균이다. 최근 환경문제로 화학 농약을 대체하여 유용미생물을 이용한 생물학적 방제가 가장 바람직한 방제 방법으로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고추역병에 피해를 보이지 않는 건전한 고추재배지 근권에서 토양시료를 채취하여 토양근권세균을 분리하였다. 총 360여점의 미생물 콜로니를 분리하였으며, 이들 콜로니의 색깔과 모양 등의 형태학적 특징을 기준으로 총 12개의 그룹으로 재분류하였다. 그 중 항균작용을 알아보기 위해 실시한 in vitro 실험에서 고추역병균에 길항효과를 보인 GJ-1, GJ-11, GJ-12 균주를 분리하였으며 길항효과가 없는 균주 2개(GJ-4, GJ-5)를 대조군으로 선발하였다. 선발된 5균주에 대하여 sidero-phore의 활성을 검정한 결과 GJ-1과 GJ-5 두 균주가 CAS 배지에서 orange halo zone을 크게 형성하여 siderophore를 많이 분비하는 균주로 확인되었다. 그리고 토양중의 난용성 인산염을 가용화시켜 식물의 생장촉진효과를 보이는 phosphate solubilization 활성을 검정한 결과 GJ-1, GJ-5, GJ-12 균주가 난용성 인산염에 대한 분해능력을 나타내었다. 따라서 P. capsici에 강한 항균활성을 나타내며 siderophore를 생산하고 인산가용화 능력이 뛰어난 유용미생물 GJ-1을 최종적으로 선발하였다. 최종 선발된 GJ-1균주를 동정하여 Bacillus sp.로 명명하였다. Bacillus sp. GJ-1의 길항작용은 Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, Fusarium solani에 대한 식물병원성 진균에서도 좋은 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 Bacillus sp. GJ-1은 생물학적 방제제로 고추역병균을 포함하여 다른 토양 식물병원성 진균 방제에 이용 가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.660-661
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• 2001

Pseudomonas sp. GRC3은 식물병원성 진균 P. capsici 에 대해 길항력을 가지며, 배양시 생성되는 가수분해 효소의 활성이 증가함에 따라 항진균력 또한 증가하여, 4일배양 시 균사 성장 저해율이 최대치를 기록하였다.