• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2007

A procedure for the surface hydrolysis of an electrospun poly(${\epsilon}$-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous scaffold was developed to enhance the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts. The surface hydrolysis of fibrous scaffolds was performed using NaOH treatment for the formation of carboxyl groups on the fiber surfaces. The hydrolysis process did not induce deformation of the fibers, and the fibers retained their diameter. The cell seeding density on the NaOH-treated PCL fibrous scaffolds was more pronounced than on the non-treated PCL fibers used as a control. The alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin and a mineralization assay strongly supported that the surface-hydrolyzed PCL fibrous scaffolds provided more favorable environments for the proliferation and functions of osteoblasts compared to the non-treated PCL fibrous scaffolds use as a control.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.332-339
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• 2016

Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold have been developed as an alternative to natural donor tissue to repair a large osteochondral defect. The objective of this study is to evaluate efficacy and biocompatibility of bilayer PCL scaffold implanted for osteochondral repair in rabbit. Twenty-two male New Zealand White rabbits were used in this animal experiment. Rabbits were divided into three groups. Experimental surgery was carried out under general anesthesia. Osteochondral defects (5 mm diameter and 5 mm deep) were made in the center of the patellar groove using a 5 mm diameter biopsy punch. In group I (3D plotting) and group II (salt-leaching), the scaffold was implanted using the press-fitted technique into the defect. In control group, after osteochondral defect was created, the defect was left without implant. After four and eight weeks, rabbits were sacrificed and the defects were evaluated by macro -and microscopical methods. There were not found animal death and severe inflammatory evidence during the experimental periods. There were no significant differences between the experimental groups in gross evaluation. However the group I scored significantly higher than group II at 8 weeks in histological evaluation (P < 0.05). The 3-D plotting PCL scaffold was more suitable method for reconstruction of osteochondral defect than a salt-leaching PCL scaffold.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2002

목적 : 후방십자인대의 단독 손상군과 동반 손상군에서 재건술 시행 후 발생되는 후방 전위의 정도를 분석하고 슬관절의 기능적 평가와 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 6월부터 2000년 6월까지 동종 아킬레스건을 이용한 관절경적 후방십자인대 재건술을 시행받은 45명을 대상으로 하였으며 평균 추시 기간은 49개월이었다. 후방 전위 정도는 후방 부하 방사선 사진과 KT-2000 슬관절계를 이용하였고 슬관절 기능 평가는 Lysholm score와 IKDC evaluation form을 이용하였다. 결과 : 건측과 비교한 방사선학적 후방 전위의 차이는 단독 손상군에서 술 전 평균 11.83 mm, 최종 추시 6.38 mm였고, 동반 손상군에서 술 전 12.7 mm, 최종 추시 6.7 mm이었다. 최종 추시에서 단독 손상군과 동반 손상군의 KT-2000슬관절계를 이용한 후방 전위는 각각 평균 3.5 mm, 4.1 mm, Lysholm score는 평균 87.4점, 81.2점, IKDC 평가표상 grade B 이상은 16례$(88.9\%)$, 23례$(85.2\%)$ 조사되었다. 결론 : 후방십자인대 재건술 후 동반 손상군이 단독 손상군에 비해 후방 전위가 좀더 잔존하는 경향을 보였으나 통계학적인 의미는 없었고 두 군에서 후방 전위의 정도와 슬관절의 기능적 평가와는 상관관계가 없었다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

목적: 후방십자인대 재건술에 있어서 경골터널 및 후방 경격막 도달법을 이용한 술식의 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 이식건은 36예에서 동종 아킬레스건을 사용하였고, 잔여 후방십자인대를 최대한 보존하려고 노력하였으며,수술 전과 후의 임상적 및 방사선학적 결과를 후향적인 방법으로 분석하였다.추시 관찰기간은 최소 12개월에서 최대 30개월이었습니다. 결과: Lysholm 슬관절 점수는 평균은 술전 $66.0{\pm}8.67(40{\sim}76)$점에서 수술 후 $87.9{\pm}5.04(82{\sim}96)$점으로 증가되었으며 IKDC 등급은 수술 전 비정상이 15예(41.7%), 심한 비정상이 21예(58.3%)소견 보였으나 수술 후 6명(16%)이 정상, 24명(66%)이 정상에 가까움, 5명(16%)이 비정상, 1명(2%)이 심한 비정상으로 분류 되었다. Telos 스트레스 방사선 검사상에서 건측과 비교하여 술전 평균 $12.5{\pm}2.61(7{\sim}20)$ mm에서 최종 추시상 평균 $3.9{\pm}1.34(7{\sim}1)$ mm로 의미있는 감소 소견이 관찰되었다(paired sample T test, p=0.001). 결론: 후방십자인대 재건술에 있어서 경골터널, 후방 경격막 도달법을 이용한 술식은 유용한 술식으로 사료되었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.45.2-45.2
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• 2009

A coronary graft fabricated from PLGA poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan electros puns deposited on poly caprolactone (PCL) electro spun tube. Mechanical properties of tube were evaluated through extruder machine depending on thickness of vessel wall. Biocompatible properties were evaluated by SEM morphology, amount of cell counting and MTT assay method for depending on culture days (1, 3, 5 days). MTT assay, counting cell and SEM morphology showed that cells were fast growth and immigration after 5 days. Biodegradability was monitored through loss weigh method for incubator days.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2000

목적 : 동종 아킬레스건을 이용하여 후방 십자 인대 재건술을 시행하고 자각증상과 운동능력 회복정도 등 임상적 결과를 분석하여 동종 이식건의 효용성을 살펴보았다. 대상 및 방법 : 동종 아킬레스건을 이용하여 관절경하에 후방 십자 인대 재건술을 시행한 환자 중 1년 이상 추시 가능한 34명 35예를 주관적, 객관적 지표, Telos stress arthrometer와 Modified Feagin Scoring system을 이용하여 분석하였다. 평균 연령은 36.2세($16\~57$세) , 평균 추시 기간은 18 개월($12\~27$개월)이었다. 결과 : 추시 분석 상 Lysholm Knee Scoring System은 술 전 47.5점에서 87.4점, Telos arthrometer를 이용한 후방 스트레스 단순 방사선 사진상 술 전 7.1mm에서 술 후 2.3mm로 회복되었으며, Modified Feagin Scoring system상 양호 이상이 32예$(91.5\%)$ 이었다. 결론 : 동종 아킬레스건을 이용한 후방 십자 인대 재건술은 임상적으로 좋은 결과를 보이고, 충분한 강도와 길이를 제공하여 자가건의 단점을 보완할 수 있어, 자가건의 대치물로써 권장할만한 치료 방법이나 향후 장기적인 추시가 되어져야 할 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1294-1299
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• 2012

A total of 96 pigs ($49.23{\pm}3.20$ kg) were used in an 11 wk growth trial to evaluate the effect of fermentable carbohydrate (FC) content on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrient, blood profile, and meat quality. The dietary treatments were: i) negative control (NC), basal diet, ii) positive control (PC), NC+antibiotics (positive control diet with 5 ppm flavomycin), iii) PCL, PC-13% lower FC, and iv) NCL, NC-13% lower FC. The growth performance (average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and gain/feed) didn't differ among treatments through the whole experiment. These pigs fed the PCL diet had the greater (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter than those from PC and NC treatment at the end of the experiment. No differences were observed in white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and lymphocyte concentration among different treatments. After the feeding period, meat samples were collected from the pigs at slaughter. The pigs in NCL and PCL treatments had greater (p<0.05) backfat thickness and lower lean percentage. The color value of loin was higher (p<0.05) in NCL treatment compared to PCL treatment. Also, the NCL treatment had higher (p<0.05) marbling value than PC treatment. The drip loss was depressed by PCL and NCL treatment comapared to NC treatments. The water holding capacity (WHC) was higher (p<0.05) in NC and PCL treatment. In conclusion, the low FC can improve digestibility and meat quality of finishing pigs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.523-528
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• 2005

Diblock copolymers with different poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) (PCL) block lengths were synthesized by ringopening polymerization of $\varepsilon$-caprolactone in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-OH, MW 2000) as initiator. The self-aggregation behaviors of the diblock copolymer nanoparticle, prepared by the diafiltration method, were investigated by using $^1H$ NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The PEG-PCL block copolymers formed the nano-sized self-aggregate in an aqueous environment by intrsa- and/or intermolecular association between hydrophobic PCL chains. The critical aggregation concentrations (cac) of the block copolymer self-aggregate became lower with increasing hydrophobic PCL block length. On the other hand, reverse trends of mean hydrodynamic diameters were measured by DLS owing to the increasing bulkiness of the hydrophobic chains and hydrophobic interaction between the PCL microdomains. The hydrodynamic diameters of the block copolymer nanoparticles, measured by DLS, were in the range of 65-270 nm. Furthermore, the size of the nanoparticles was scarcely affected by the concentration of the block copolymers in the range of 0.125-5 mg/mL owing to the negligible interparticular aggregation between the self-aggregated nanoparticles. Considered with the fairly low cac and nanoparticle stability, the PEG-PCL nanoparticles can be considered a potential candidate for biomedical applications such as drug carrier or imaging agent.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2010

조직공학의 중요한 요소로 작용하는 scaffold는 여러 가지 필수적인 조건들을 만족시켜야 한다. 대표적인 특징들로는 (1)생분해성 및 비독성, (2)넓은 표면적을 갖는 상호 연결된 내부 다공성 구조, (3)구조적 안정성, (4)세포부착 기질의 제공, (5)낮은 면역 반응성, (6)혈전 형성 억제, (7)친수성, (8)생체 기능성 등을 들 수 있다. 이러한 scaffold가 갖추어야 할 특성 중에서 세포 부착 기질 제공을 위하여 scaffold에 표면 개질을 통한 기능기를 도입하였다. 본 연구에서는 BCP scaffold의 구조적 안정성 부여를 위하여 PCL(polycaprolactone)을 infiltration 하였다. PCL은 소수성의 특징을 갖고 있어 세포와 상호작용 할 수 있는 생물학적 반응기가 없기 때문에 세포와의 친화성이 떨어진다. 세포의 친화성을 높여주기 위해 실리콘의 전구체인 TEOS(tetraethly orthosilicate)를 코팅하고, 그 위에 카복실기(carboxylic acid group)를 도입하였다. 또한 세포의 고정화를 높여주기 위해 fibronectin을 코팅하여 BCP/PCL scaffold의 세포 친화성을 높여주었다. 이와 같이 제조된 고기능성 BCP/PCL scaffold의 내부 구조와 특성을 Micro-CT로 확인하였고, 또한 실리콘 코팅 여부를 확인하기 위하여 SEM-EDS를 통해 관찰하였으며, FT-IR 관찰을 통해 카복실기 도입 여부를 확인 하였다. 또한 생체적합성 평가를 위해 MTT assay, 조골세포의 부착에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 SEM, 조골세포의 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 RT-PCR을 통해 확인 하였다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2018

Background: Autogenous bone grafts have several limitations including donor-site problems and insufficient bone volume. To address these limitations, research on bone regeneration is being conducted actively. In this study, we investigate the effects of a three-dimensionally (3D) printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold on the osteogenic differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs). Methods: We investigated the extent of osteogenic differentiation on the first and tenth day and fourth week after cell culture. Cytotoxicity of the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay, prior to osteogenic differentiation analysis. ADSCs and BMSCs were divided into three groups: C, only cultured cells; M, cells cultured in the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold; D, cells cultured in the 3D printed $PCL/{\beta}-TCP$ scaffold with a bone differentiation medium. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, von Kossa staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blotting were performed for comparative analysis. Results: ALP assay and von Kossa staining revealed that group M had higher levels of osteogenic differentiation compared to group C. RT-PCR showed that gene expression was higher in group M than in group C, indicating that, compared to group C, osteogenic differentiation was more extensive in group M. Expression levels of proteins involved in ossification were higher in group M, as per the Western blotting results. Conclusion: Osteogenic differentiation was increased in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) cultured in the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold compared to the control group. Osteogenic differentiation activity of MSCs cultured in the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold was lower than that of cells cultured on the scaffold in bone differentiation medium. Collectively, these results indicate that the 3D printed PCL/TCP scaffold promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and may be widely used for bone tissue engineering.