• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1299-1305
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• 1996

The rat thoracic aorta was harvested to determine whether either hyperkalemla or hypothermia impairs the endothelium-dependent re axation of the vascular smooth muscle. Isolated thoracic aorta segments were studied in five groups(n=10 in each group). In group I(control), the isolated aortic seglnents were suspended in organ bath without any intervention. In group ll(endotheilum removAl). the endothelium of the aortic segment was removed by gentle rubbing of the intimal surface with a pair of forceps. In group III(457), IV(4mST), and V(3757), the aortic segments were exposed for 45minutes to 4$^{\circ}C$ St. Thomas hospital cardioplegic solution(57 : NaCl, 144.3; KCI, 19.6, MgCl:, 15.7 : CaCl, 2.2 mmol/L).4$^{\circ}C$ modified St. Thomas hospital cardioplegic solution(NaCl, 144.3 : KCI. 140.0 : MgCl:, 15.7; CaCl:. 2.2 mmol/L). and 37$^{\circ}C$ 57, before suspending in the organ bath, respectively. Then, aorta segments were suspended in organ baths(physiologic salt solution, 37$^{\circ}C$, 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide) for Isometric tension recording. The vasodilatation to acetylcholine (10-2 to 10-2mol/L) was not impaired in control, 457, 4mST, nd 3757 groups. The vasodilatation to acetylcholine was impaired in endothelium removal group. The vasodilatation to sodium nitroprusslde (10-2 to 10-2 mol/L) was not impaired in all groups. In conclusion, both hyperkalemia and hypothermia do not alter irreversibly the function of the rondothelium of the thoracic aorta of the rat.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 2003

The DC polarograms of some rare earth elements have been investigated in various pH solution and electrolytes. Samarium ion has two well-defined reduction waves at -1.75 V and -1.95 V in 0.1 M NaCl solution and those are a diffusion controlled in nature. Europium and ytterbium ions give also two step reduction waves at -0.75 V and -1.95 V for europium and -1.45 V and -2.00 V for ytterium in $(C_2H_5)_4NCl$ solution. On the other hand, lantanium and neodium ions show a single reduction wave at -1.75 V. The differences of half wave potentials between europium, ytterium and samarium ions make it possible to determine each ions in the mixed solution sponteniously. In case of europium ion, the stability constants for the complexs of $Eu^{3+}$-EDTA and $Eu^{3+}$-DTPA are evaluated.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-47
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• 1983

This study was performed to investigate how much chemical constituents are contained and to what extent they are spread in the major streams running through Taegu City, i. e.: Yeechun, Beomeo, Chilsung, Dalseo, during the seven months Period between March to September, 1982. Nine constituents, pH, DO, COD, T-N, $NH_4-N, NO_2-N, NO_3-N, Cl^-, SO_4--$ and $PO_4-P---$, were found to be-contained in those streams. The results of the survey are summarized as follows. 1) Each chemical constituent detected in the five streams has the following variation range. pH(7.0-9.10), DO (ND-7.46ppm), COD (5.4-173ppm), T-N(13-42ppm), $NH^+_$-N$ (10.2-32.2ppm), $NO^-_2-N$ (0.007-2.53ppm), $NO^-_3-N$ (0.005-2.16ppm), $Cl^-$ (150-469 ppm), $SO_4^{3-}$ (71-1000ppm), $PO_4^{3-}-P$ (0.9-53ppm) The amount of all the constituents except pH, and $NO_3-N$, exceeded the standard value allowed for drinking, farming, and industrial water. 2) The monthly variation in the amount of each constituent differs according to the station from which it was sampled, but in general, the amount increased during the season from March to July when the rainfall was little while it decreased in August when the rainfall was abundant. 3) A statistical analysis of the constituents shows positive correlations that T-N and $NH^+_4-N$, water temperature and $NO^-_3-N$, but there were no ones beween the COD and $NH^+_4-N$ 4 ) The degree of COD pollution in each stream is in the following order. Kongdan, Yeechun, Beomeo, ChiLsung, and Dalseo. 5) Five major streams in Taegu City, Yeechun, Beomeo, Chilsung Dalseo, and Kongdan, are so narrow in width and so short in length that they flow into the Sincheon river or the Gumho river without undergoing self-purification. The increase in population and various kinds of industrial pollutants make the supply insufficient and water pollution inevitable. 4 ) The degree of COD pollution in each stream is in the following order. Kongdan, Yeechun, Beomeo, ChiLsung, and Dalseo.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.17 s.17
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• pp.39-56
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• 2005

The Gwangtonggyo(bridge) on the Cheonggyecheon(river) is mainly composed of biotite granite with coarse grain. The rock consists mainly of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, orthoclase and biotite with lesser amount of muscovite, sericite and chlorite. Muscovite and sericite may be formed from feldspars and chlorite from biotite by alteration(including weathering). These rocks are relatively deteriorated by weathering, polluted water running the river and heavy traffic. The main phenomena of damages are surface exfoliation, grain separation, deceleration, pollution of organic and heavy chemical elements, cracks and breakage. These phenomena have been analyzed by polarized microscope, XRD and SEM/EDX. The analyzed results show organic pollution and secondarily formed gypsum and apatite on the rock surface and micro-pores. NaCl and $CaCO_3$ as rock salt and calcite probably may be formed secondarily in some points. Also heavy chemical elements such as Cr, Pb, Pd, W, La, Zn and Nd are polluted in some samples. The contacts between rocks are generally breakdown in small scale or cracks are developed due to mainly load and vibration shock of heavy traffic.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.257-266
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• 2006

Studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of liquid pig manure on the production of Japanese millet, the chemical characteristics of pasture soil and leaching water. The study was undertaken from June to September 2005. Randomized complete block design was used to allot four treatments: T1 (no fertilizer), T2 (N : 200 kg/ha, p : 150 kg/ha, K : 150 kg/ha), T3 (liquid pig manure containing 1.7% DM 200 kg N/ha) and T4 (liquid pig manure containing 7.0% DM 200 kg N/ha). Leaching water was sampled at 21 August (1st time), 9 September (2nd time) and 26 September (3rd time), 2005, respectively. No significant differences in the dry matter yield of Japanese millet was found among the four treatments, whereas the plant lengths of Japanese millet were higher in the T2, T3 and T4 than in T1 (p<0.05). Nitrogen, P and K uptake of J. millet tended to be influenced by application of chemical fertilizer or 7.0% DM liquid pig manure compared with T1 or 1.8% DM liquid pig manure. The organic matter (OM) content of soil was higher in T2, T3 and T4 than in T1. Na content was highest in T3 among the four treatments. $NO_{3^-}N\;or\;NH_{4^-}N$ content in leaching was not different among the four treatments. $SO_4$ content in leaching water sampled in 1st time was high in T4, but in T3 from 3rd time (p<0.05). Cl, Mg and Na contents were high in leaching water sampled in the 1st time from T4, whereas high in those from T3 in 2nd or 3rd time. Results show that the application of a high DM liquid pig manure is not better for producing Japanese millet and improving the properties of pasture soil than a low DM liquid pig manure. However, the contents of $SO_4$, Cl, Mg and Na in leaching water sampled in 1st time were high in a high DM liquid pig manure.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1990

The disposition of Brazilin including plasma concentration-time profiles, excretions via urine and bile, and plasma protein binding was investigated after intravenous or oral administration of radio labeled Brazilin ($^3H-Brazilin$) to male Wistar rats. The main pharmac:okinetic parameters were as follows; $t\;_{ 1/2}$, 13.71 hr; AUC, $53.38\;\mu\textrm{g}{\cdot}hr/ml$; AUMC, $1013.4I\;\mu\textrm{g}{\cdot}hr^2/ml$, MRT, 18.95 hr; Vss, 17778 mllkg and CL, 936.77 ml/hr.kg. The 2nd peak was found in the plasma concentration-time profiles indicating potential enterohepatic circulation. The enterohepatic circulation was supported by the bile excretion. After oral administration, about 64.4 % of administered radioactivity was excreted into the bile within 10 hours and its excretion rate reached maximum at 3 hours after administration. The Vss was extremely high, 17.8 l/kg indicating distribution of brazilin in most organs (tissues) with high concentration of brazilin in some organs. Brazilin was distributed into most of organs (spleen, adrenal, pancreas, kidney, thymus, lung, heart, liver, prostate, epididymus, testis, fat, muscle and done) except brain. High concentration of Brazilin was detected especially in liver, kidney, epididymus and testis. Approximately, 62.9% and 44.1% of the dose was excreted for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. About 80% of the dose eventually excreted into urine was excreted within 24 hr after dosing. Plasma protein binding of brazilin resulted in $40\;{\pm}\;4%$ by ultrafiltration method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.129-135
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• 2016

This study is about ionic water generator filter Recently, a lot of people feel deep interest in health and drinking water. Evaluation of the stability of oxidation-reduced potential (ORP) using the filter of the alkaline water. This study utilizes the three filter of activated carbon, UF, carbon block in alkaline reduced water equipment. Passing the water to the filter is evaluated that the OPR values are stability in accordance with the change of the volume in the bucket. Alkaline reduced water equipment is a system that has the function of making the water reduction. This system is the values of the human body beneficial minerals and ORP are made in the functional water has a very low value than general water. Which has passed through the filter the water in the water negative ions and positive ions through the electrolytic. After electrolysis, the cathode side by water, including $Ca^+$, $K^+$, $Mg^+$, $Na^+$ water gets Alkaline Reduced Water containing the minerals beneficial to the human body. A positive electrode side is made of the organic materials that have an anion such as chlorine (Cl), phosphorus (P), sulfur(S). This experiment uses the Alkaline Reduced Water to adjust the magnitude of the voltage of the electrolysis in the Alkaline Reduced Water. That is 1st step(pH8) 2nd step (pH8.5) 3th step (pH9), 4th step (pH9.5) in the Alkaline Reduced Water and -1st step (pH6.0), -2nd step (pH5.0) used as the acidic oxidation water. When the water passes through the three filter in this system was evaluated whether the ORP values are changed and stabilized. When about 100 liters of water passing through the filter was confirmed that the ORP values are stability and evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.524-527
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• 2002

This paper is on the development of an educational 6-axis articulated manipulator using 4-bar linkage system. Especially, the 2$^{nd}$ and the 3$^{rd}$ axes need large torque to control the movement of an end-effect. However, small motors (RC-servo, DC-gear, stepping meters) are used for the 4-bar linkage. In addition the manipulator can be operated by a switch and also motion can be realized automatically, based on C-language coded users programs..

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.407-412
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• 2009

In this study, a rapid and efficient concentrating procedure that can be used for detecting viruses in vegetables was developed. The Sabin strain of poliovirus type 1 was used to evaluate the efficiency of virus recovery. The procedure included: (a) elution with 0.25 M threonine-0.3 M NaCl pH 9.5; (b) polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 precipitation; (c) chloroform extraction; (d) 2$^{nd}$ PEG precipitation; (f) RNA extraction; (g) reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) combined with semi-nested PCR. The overall recoveries by elution/concentration were 29.0% from cabbage and 13.7% from lettuce. The whole procedure usually takes 18 hr. The overall detection sensitivity was 100 RT-PCR units of genogroup II norovirus (GII NoV)/25 g cabbage and 100 RT-PCR units of GII NoV/10 g lettuce. The virus detecting method developed in this study should facilitate the detection of low levels of NoV in cabbage and lettuce.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2012

The dehydration schemes of rare earth (La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm. Eu, Gd, Y) chloride hydrates was investigated by using a dehydration apparatus. To prevent the formation of the rare earth oxychlorides, the operation temperature was changed step by step ($80{\rightarrow}150{\rightarrow}230^{\circ}C$) based on the TGA (thermo-gravimetric analysis) results of the rare earth chloride hydrates. A vacuum pump and preheated Ar gas were used to effectively remove the evaporated moisture and maintain an inert condition in the dehydration apparatus. The dehydration temperature of the rare earth chloride hydrate was increased when the atomic number of the rare earth nuclide was increased. The content of the moisture in the rare earth chloride hydrate was decreased below 10% in the dehydration apparatus.