• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권23호
• /
• pp.10061-10066
• /
• 2015

Background: The aetiological relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer (CC) is widely accepted. Our goal was to determine the prevalence of HPV types in Mexican women attending at the Mexican Institute for Social Security from different areas of Mexico. Materials and Methods: DNAs from 2,956 cervical samples were subjected to HPV genotyping: 1,020 samples with normal cytology, 931 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL), 481 with high grade HGSIL and 524 CC. Results: Overall HPV prevalence was 67.1%. A total of 40 HPV types were found; HPV16 was detected in 39.4% of the HPV-positive samples followed by HPV18 at 7.5%, HPV31 at 7.1%, HPV59 at 4.9%, and HPV58 at 3.2%. HPV16 presented the highest prevalence both in women with altered or normal cytology and HPV 18 presented a minor prevalence as reported worldwide. The prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated for the HPV types. The analysis of PR showed that HPV16 presents the highest association with CC, HPV 31, -33, -45, -52 and -58 also demonstrating a high association. Conclusions: The most prevalent HPV types in cervical cancer samples were -16, -18, -31, but it is important to note that we obtained a minor prevalence of HPV18 as reported worldwide, and that HPV58 and -52 also were genotypes with an important prevalence in CC samples. Determination of HPV genotypes is very important in order to evaluate the impact of vaccine introduction and future cervical cancer prevention strategies.

• 한국위험물학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2018

In this study, the molten metal protective performance of various molten metal protective clothing materials such as herringbone twill laminated aluminium foils, oxydized-polyacrylonitrile laminated with aluminium deposited polyethylene terephthalate films, twill fabric laminated with aluminium deposited polyethylene terephthalate films and nonwoven laminated with aluminum deposited polyethylene terephthalate films, were evaluated according to modified EN ISO 9185. The results showed that the molten metal protective performance of tested samples improved with the increase in fabric structure density, weight and thickness. In addition the effect of the thickness of aluminum foil on the molten metal protective performance is not significant. It was found the fabric is more important in the molten metal splash protective clothing.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2010

It was hypothesized that NaF induces calcium sensitization in $Ca^{2+}$-controlled solution in permeabilized rat mesenteric arteries. Rat mesenteric arteries were permeabilized with $\beta$-escin and subjected to tension measurement. NaF potentiated the concentration-response curves to $Ca^{2+}$ (decreased $EC_{50}$ and increased $E_{max}$). Cumulative addition of NaF (4.0, 8.0 and 16 mM) also increased vascular tension in $Ca^{2+}$-controlled solution at pCa 7.0 or pCa 6.5, but not at pCa 8.0. NaF-induced vasocontraction and $GTP{\gamma}S$-induced vasocontraction were not additive. NaF-induced vasocontraction at pCa 7.0 was inhibited by pretreatment with Rho kinase inhibitors H1152 or Y27632 but not with a MLCK inhibitor ML-7 or a PKC inhibitor Ro31-8220. NaF induces calcium sensitization in a $Ca^{2+}$ dependent manner in $\beta$-escin-permeabilized rat mesenteric arteries. These results suggest that NaF is an activator of the Rho kinase signaling pathway during vascular contraction.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제26권
• /
• pp.95-121
• /
• 2012

Ce travail est de rechercher la vie litteraire d'Eug?ne Ionesco ? l'?poque de la Roumanie(1921~1937). Ionesco fait partie d'une cat?gorie d'?crivains(Mircea Eliade, Emil Cioran, Tristan Tzara, Pana?t Istrati, etc) qui sont n?s en Roumanie et ont commenc? leur carri?re dans leur pays d'origine pour la continuer et l'achever en France. Eugen Ionescu devient Eug?ne Ionesco. Ce dernier repr?sente d?j? dans les ann?es 30 une personnalit? hors du commun. C'est un homme qui a deux patries, deux racines : une roumaine, une autre fran?aise. Sa vie est a ?t? marqu?e par ses publications des l'adolescence. Ils font l'objet de ce livre-portrait d'Eugen Ionescu, po?te et critique, ?crivain de langue roumaine. L'?tude de la jeunesse roumaine d'Ionesco nous m?ne sur un terrain p?rilleux, celui de la biographie, plus pr?cis?ment des ann?es d'adolescence, de jeunesse et d'apprentissage d'un ?crivain qui a masqu? cette p?riode de sa vie. Nous avons pr?fer? tracer une biographie intellectuelle plutot qu'?num?rer des d?tails anecdotiques. La projection d'Ionesco dans son oeuvre est le r?cit de ses propres aventures intellectuelles. Une part importante de notre travail est consacr?e ? l'anlayse d'un livre de critique Nu(Non) de jeune Ionesco. Nous avons utilis? le texte de la version fran?aise publi?e en 1986 pour ce travail. Pour Ionescu le Roumain, le po?te Ionesco, ?l?gies pour des ?tres minuscules, nous avons consult? une th?se d'Ecaterina Cleynen-Serghieve La jeunesse litt?raire d'Eug?ne Ionesco et puis l'?tude de Gelu Ionesco sur la carri?re roumaine d'Ionesco. Nous nous sommes aussi r?f?r?s ? divers documents comme Notes et contre-notes(1966), D?couvertes(1969), Journal en miettes et Pr?sent pass?, Pass? pr?sent(Mercure de France), et les entretiens avec Claude Bonnefoy pour comprendre la personnalit? d'un jeune ?crivain roumain.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2016

국내의 플랜트 탱크 설계를 위한 풍하중 기준은 KS B 6283 액체 저장 탱크의 내풍압 및 내진에 대한 설계 요건 등 여러기준에 제시되어 있으나, 그 내용이 서로 다르고 연관성도 없으며 실제의 풍하중을 반영하고 있는지 명확하지 않다. 국내 풍하중 기준의 정당성을 평가하고 적합한 풍하중 기준을 제안하기 위해 외국의 저장 탱크 설계를 위한 대표적 기준인 API 650, ASCE 7-10, EN 1991-1-4의 풍하중 기준 들과 비교분석하였다. 풍동 실험이 수행되어 보고된 논문에 적용된 탱크 제원을 적용하여 기본적으로 각 기준에 의한 압력계수 Cp값을 산정해 비교하고, 탱크 지붕 높이와 지름 비(f/d) 및 탱크 깊이 및 지름 비(h/d)를 변수로 한 각 기준에 의한 풍하중 좌굴해석을 수행하였다. 결과를 분석 종합하여 실제 풍하중에 의한 좌굴 거동을 반영하면서도 설계 시 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 풍하중 기준을 제안 하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.451-459
• /
• 2001

Adsorption characteristics of triadimefon and diniconazole(pesticide) by natural zeolite($CLI_N$) and several synthetic zeolites were Investigated. The synthetic zeolites used En this study were as follows: Faujasite synthesized from coal fly ash($FAU_F$); Zeolite synthesized from the mixture of FAU and Na-Pl synthesized from the ratio of Cheju scoria 6 to coal fly ash 4 by weight($(FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF}$); waste fluid catalytic cracking catalyst($FCC_W$). The distribution coefficient, $K_D$ and Freundlich constant, $K_F$ decreased in the fellowing sequence : $FCC_W ＞ FAU_F ＞ (FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF} ＞CLI_N$ among the zeolites. The distribution coefficient and the adsorption capacity of $(FAU + Na-Pl)_{SF}$ for pesticides were 4.4 and 2.6 times higher for triamefon, and 2.0 and 2.4 times higher for diniconazole than those of $CLI_N$, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.2012-2016
• /
• 2012

A convenient synthetic route has been developed to synthesize 5-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl) methoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-sustituted phenyl)pyrazolines (5a-f) and 5-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-substituted phenyl)isoxazolines (6a-f) starting from 2-phenyl-4-chloromethylthiazole (1). The chloromethylthiazole (1) was first condensed with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde (2) for obtaining 4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)benzaldehyde (3). Claisen-Smidth condensation of 4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)benzaldehyde (3) and acetophenones has been carried in alkaline alcohol and obtained 3-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-(4-substituted phenyl)prop-2-en-1-ones (4a-f). The cyclocondensation of 2-propen-1-ones has been first time carried separately with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in aqueous micellar tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) medium for getting the titled heterocycles with good to excellent yields.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.15-32
• /
• 2022

Inspecting herbaria collections of Laurencia rigida highlighted frequent misidentifications between L. rigida and L. heteroclada f. decussata, two poorly studied taxa from Australia. Recent collections of DNA material, including from topotype material, allowed for re-examination of these two taxa using molecular techniques. Detailed morphological and molecular analyses based on two markers (rbcL and COI-5P) strongly supported these two taxa as being distinct from each other and requiring nomenclatural changes. Comprehensive morphological analyses highlighted features useful for accurate identifications. Interestingly, L. rigida was found to belong to the genus Palisada with evidence from both the morphology and molecular data. Therefore, this study proposed recognizing L. rigida as Palisada rigida comb. nov. Molecular data for L. heteroclada f. decussata on the other hand supported its separation from L. heteroclada, with too great a molecular distance to be considered a variety. Morphological characters that best separated P. rigida from L. decussata included seven characters; number of pericentral cells per vegetative axial segment, the presence of secondary pit connections, the presence of lenticular thickenings, tetrasporangia alignment, the presence of corps en cerise, holdfast morphology, and overall plant shape. Morphologically, L. heteroclada f. decussata was also separated from L. heteroclada, particularly by the following characteristics; ultimate branchlets morphologies, lower order branch lengths, primary axis and holdfast morphologies. Therefore, it was proposed that L. heteroclada f. decussata is recognized at a species level as L. decussata comb. et stat. nov.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제56권4호
• /
• pp.14.1-14.7
• /
• 2014

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of supplemental urea withdrawal on characteristics of digestion (Trial 1) and growth performance (Trial 2) of feedlot cattle during the last 40 days on feed. Treatments consisted of a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet supplemented with urea to provide urea fermentation potential (UFP) of 0, 0.6, and 1.2%. In Trial 1, six Holstein steers ($160{\pm}10kg$) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square experiment. Decreasing supplemental urea decreased (linear effect, $P{\leq}0.05$) ruminal OM digestion. This effect was mediated by decreases (linear effect, $P{\leq}0.05$) in ruminal digestibility of NDF and N. Passage of non-ammonia and microbial N (MN) to the small intestine decreased (linear effect, P = 0.04) with decreasing dietary urea level. Total tract digestion of OM (linear effect, P = 0.06), NDF (linear effect, P = 0.07), N (linear effect, P = 0.04) and dietary DE (linear effect, P = 0.05) decreased with decreasing urea level. Treatment effects on total tract starch digestion, although numerically small, likewise tended (linear effect, P = 0.11) to decrease with decreasing urea level. Decreased fiber digestion accounted for 51% of the variation in OM digestion. Ruminal pH was not affected by treatments averaging 5.82. Decreasing urea level decreased (linear effect, $P{\leq}0.05$) ruminal N-NH and blood urea nitrogen. In Trial 2, 90 crossbred steers ($468kg{\pm}8$), were used in a 40 d feeding trial (5 steers/pen, 6 pens/treatment) to evaluate treatment effects on final-phase growth performance. Decreasing urea level did not affect DMI, but decreased (linear effect, $P{\leq}0.03$) ADG, gain efficiency, and dietary NE. It is concluded that in addition to effects on metabolizable amino acid flow to the small intestine, depriving cattle of otherwise ruminally degradable N (RDP) during the late finishing phase may negatively impact site and extent of digestion of OM, depressing ADG, gain efficiency, and dietary NE.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제30권11호
• /
• pp.1563-1567
• /
• 2017

Objective: The influence of substituting steam-flaked corn (SFC) for dry rolled corn (DRC) on feedlot cattle growth performance and dietary net energy when cattle are allowed either ad libitum or 2-h restricted access to the finishing diet was evaluated. Methods: Treatment effects were tested using 96 crossbred steers ($251{\pm}2kg$) during the initial 56 d of the finishing phase. Cattle were blocked by weight and randomly assigned within blocks to 16 pens (4 pens/treatment). Bunk space was sufficient (41 cm/head) to allow all steers access to the feed bunk at the same time. Treatments consisted of two finishing diets containing (dry matter basis) 77.1% corn grain processed by dry rolling (density = 0.50 kg/L) or steam flaking (density = 0.36 kg/L). Cattle were fed twice daily at 06:00 and 14:00 h, allowing for approximately 5% residual. In the case of restricted feeding, steers were allowed access to feeders for 1 h following each feeding, after which residual feed was withdrawn. Results: There were no treatment interactions on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain efficiency (G:F), or dietary net energy (NE). Restricting feed access time reduced (p<0.01) feed intake, and hence, ADG. Substitution of SFC for DRC increased (p<0.01) ADG, feed efficiency (G:F), and estimated dietary NE, without affecting DMI. Based on tabular net energy of maintenance ($NE_m$) value (2.18 Mcal/kg) for DRC, the estimated $NE_m$ value for SFC using the replacement technique, averaged 2.44 Mcal/kg; an improvement of 10.7%. The ratio of observed-to-expected dietary NE was not affected by feed access time. Conclusion: Substitution of SFC for DRC in finishing diets for feedlot cattle enhanced ADG, gain efficiency, and the NE value of the diet. Although restriction of feed access time depressed DMI and ADG, it did not affect the comparative benefit of steam flaking toward enhancement of ADG, G:F, and dietary NE.