• Title/Summary/Keyword: $Co-Al_{2}O_{3}$

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Evaluation of shear bond strength of repair acrylic resin to Co-Cr alloy

  • Kulunk, Safak;Kulunk, Tolga;Sarac, Duygu;Cengiz, Seda;Baba, Seniha
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.272-277
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    • 2014
  • PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different surface treatment methods and thermal ageing on the bond strength of autopolymerizing acrylic resin to Co-Cr. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Co-Cr alloy specimens were divided into five groups according to the surface conditioning methods. C: No treatment; SP: flamed with the Silano-Pen device; K: airborne particle abrasion with $Al_2O_3$; Co: airborne particle abrasion with silica-coated $Al_2O_3$; KSP: flamed with the Silano-Pen device after the group K experimental protocol. Then, autopolymerized acrylic resin was applied to the treated specimen surfaces. All the groups were divided into two subgroups with the thermal cycle and water storage to determine the durability of the bond. The bond strength test was applied in an universal test machine and treated Co-Cr alloys were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant differences among surface treatments and thermocycling. Their interactons were followed by a multiple comparison' test performed uing a post hoc Tukey HSD test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. Surface treatments significantly increased repair strengths of repair resin to Co-Cr alloy. The repair strengths of Group K, and Co significantly decreased after 6,000 cycles (P<.001). CONCLUSION. Thermocycling lead to a significant decrease in shear bond strength for air abrasion with silica-coated aluminum oxide particles. On the contrary, flaming with Silano-Pen did not cause a significant reduction in adhesion after thermocycling.

NI계 촉매상에서 글리세롤의 수증기 개질반응(Steam Reforming)에 의한 수소제조 연구 (Studies on the Production of Hydrogen by the Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over NI Based Catalysts)

  • 허은;문동주
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.493-499
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    • 2010
  • Steam reforming (SR) of glycerol, a main by-product of manufacturing process of bio-diesel, for the production of hydrogen was investigated over the Ni-based catalysts. The Ni-based catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method, and characterized by $N_2$ physisorption, CO chemisorption, XRD and TEM techniques. It was found that the Ni/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalyst showed higher conversion and catalytic stability for the carbon formation than the other catalysts in the steam reforming of glycerol under the tested conditions. The results suggest that the steam reforming of glycerol over modified Ni/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ catalyst minimized carbon formation can be applied in hydrogen station for fuel-cell powered vehicles and fuel processor for stationary and portable fuel cells.

DR VACUUM CO., LTD.

  • 이찬용
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2000년도 제18회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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    • pp.30-30
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    • 2000
  • 당사는 각종 진공 장비를 개발/제작한 경험을 바탕으로 25년 동안 진공 산업 발전에 기여하여 왔으며 자체 기술로 HIGH VACUUM 응용시스템 설계 및 제작하고 있다. 이와 함께 3D CAD를 이용한 consulting 및 Modeling 분석을 수행하여, 자체 기술로 설계 및 제작 판매하고 있다. Vacuum System은 In-line System (ITO, SiO2, Cr Tio2, Ag, Al 등), Roll to Roll(Web) Sputtering system (ITO, SiO2, Ar, Metal 등), 유기 EL 박막 진공 증착 장치, PECVD System, Evaporator 시스템 등을 제작 공급하고 있다. 현재 Roll to Roll(Web) Sputtering System은 Dual Cathode를 사용하는 방식으로 개발중에 있으며, 평판 디스플레이용 대면적 Glass를 위한 In-line Sputtering System을 같이 개발하고 있다.

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경남 밀양지역 납석광상과 안산암질 모암의 지구화학적 연구 (A Geochemical Study on Pyrophyllite Deposits and Andesitic Wall-Rocks in the Milyang Area, Kyeongnam Province)

  • 오대균;전효택;민경원
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.27-39
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    • 1992
  • Several pyrophyllite deposits occur around the Milyang area where Cretaceous andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks are widely distributed. Pyrophyllite ores consist mainly of pyrophyllite, and quartz with small amount of sericite, pyrite, dumortierite, and diaspore. The andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks in this area suggest that they could be formed from the same series of a calc-alkaline magma series. The contents of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, LOI(loss on ignition) are enriched, and $K_2O$, $Na_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Fe_2O_3$ are depleted in altered andesitic rocks and ores. Enrichment of As, Cr, Sr, V, Sb and depletion of Ba, Cs, Ni, Rb, U, Y, Co, Sc, Zn are characteristic during mineralization. The pyrophyllite ores can be discriminated from the altered-and unaltered wall-rocks by an increasing of $(La/Lu)_{cn}$ from 4.18~22.13 to 8.98~55.05. In R-mode cluster analysis, Yb-Lu-Y, La-Ce-Hf-Th-U-Zr, $TiO_2-V-Al_2O_3$, Sm-Eu, $CaO-Na_2O-MnO$, Cu-Zn-Ag, $K_2O-Rb$ are closely correlated. In the discriminant analysis of multi-element data, $P_2O_5$, As, Cr and $Fe_2O_3$, Sr are helpful to identify the ores from the unaltered-and altered wall-rocks. In the factor analysis, the factors of alteration of andesitic rocks and ore mineralization were extracted. In the change of ions per unit volume, $SiO_2$, $Al^{3+}$ and LOI are enriched and $Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ are depleted during the alteration processes. The Milyang and the Sungjin pyrophyllite deposits could be mineralized by hydrothermal alteration in a geochemical condition of low activity ratio of alkaline ions to hydrogen ion with reference to spatially related granitic rocks.

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굴참나무 촉매열분해에 바이오매스 반탄화가 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Biomass Torrefaction on the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Korean Cork Oak)

  • 이지영;이형원;김영민;박영권
    • 공업화학
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.350-355
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 굴참나무의 열분해 및 촉매 열분해에 바이오매스 반탄화가 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 굴참나무와 반탄화된 굴참나무의 열분해 및 촉매 열분해 거동은 열중량분석 결과와 회분식반응기를 이용한 급속열분해 반응에서 얻어진 바이오오일의 생성물분포를 비교하여 평가하였다. 굴참나무와 반탄화된 굴참나무의 열중량 곡선 및 미중열중량곡선은 굴참나무 내 헤미셀룰로오스의 제거량은 반탄화 온도 및 시간을 증가시킴에 따라 증가됨을 나타내었다. 굴참나무의 반탄화과정에서 헤미셀룰로오스의 제거로 굴참나무 내 셀룰로오스와 리그닌의 함량이 증가되기 때문에 열분해 과정에서 오일의 수율은 감소하고 고형 촤 수율은 증가하였다. 반탄화 굴참나무의 열분해 오일 중 레보글루코산과 페놀류의 선택도는 굴참나무 열분해 오일에 비해 높았다. 바이오오일 중 방향족 화합물의 함량은 HZSM-5 ($SiO_2/Al_2O_3=30$) 상에서 굴참나무 및 반탄화된 굴참나무의 촉매열분해를 적용함으로써 증가되었다. 굴참나무에 비해, 반탄화 굴참나무는 HZSM-5를 이용한 촉매 열분해를 통한 방향족화합물 형성에 더 높은 효율을 보였고 더 높은 반탄화 온도($280^{\circ}C$) 및 반응온도($600^{\circ}C$)를 적용함으로써 극대화되었다.

충남 논산군 수락리 일대 심부지하수의 수질특성 (Hydrochemical Characteristics of Deep Groundwater at Surak-ri, Nonsan-gun, Chungnam Province, Korea)

  • 임현철;조병욱
    • 지구물리
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2004
  • Hydrochemical characteristics of deep groundwater at Surak-ri, Nonsan-gun, Chungnam Province was explained by major ion concentration, water type, and phase stability diagram. The area is composed of meta-sedimentary rock and quartz pophyry. The 5 boreholes where deep groundwater was sampled and analyzed are located on the meta-sedimentary rocks and drilling depth range of the wells is from 554 m to 928 m. pH, TDS, Na, and SiO2 values are high in the groundwater from meta-sedimentary area intruded by quartz pophyry, while Ca is high in the groundwater from meta-sedimentary area. K and Mg concentrations are low but F concentration is high both groundwater. The content of major anions is in the order of CO3(HCO3)>Cl>SO4(F) in both geology, while that of major cations shows the order of Na>Ca>K(Mg) in meta-sedimentary area intruded by quartz porphyry and a>Na>Mg>Na in meta-sedimentary area. Based on the phase equilibrium in the systems Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O and K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O, the groundwater is saturated with respect to Quartz and more evolved compared with the natural mineral water. It is concluded that chemical evolution in the groundwater from meta-sedimentary area intruded by quartz porphyry, is nearly saturated with respect to feldspar, while the groundwater from meta-sedimentary area continue to proceed with increasing pH by reaction of feldspar.

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무기물계 폐기물로 합성한 제올라이트의 코발트, 니켈, 구리 이온의 회수 성능 (The Recovery Performance of Co, Ni, and Cu Ions Using Zeolites Synthesized from Inorganic Solid Wastes)

  • 이창한
    • 한국물환경학회지
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.723-728
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    • 2012
  • In this study, zeolites were synthesized by a fusion and a hydrothermal methods using a coal fly ash and a waste catalyst. The recovery performance of metal ions on the structure property of synthetic zeolites was evaluated as comparing the adsorption kinetics (Lagergen 2nd order model) and isotherm (Langmuir model) of $Co^{2+},\;Ni^{2+}$, and $Cu^{2+}$ ions. The synthetic zeolites (Z-C1 and Z-W5) were similarly assigned to XRD peaks in a reagent grade Na-A zeolite (Z-WK : $Na_{12}Al_{12}Si_{12}O_{48}\;27.4H_2O$). Adsorption rates of Z-W5 and Z-C1 were in the order of $Cu^{2+}\;>\;Co^{2+}\;>\;Ni^{2+}\;and\;Ni^{2+}\;>\;Cu^{2+}\;>\;Co^{2+}$, respectively. They had influenced upon structure properties of zeolite. Selectivities of metal ions and maximum equilibrium adsorption capacities, $q_{max}$, in Z-C1 and Z-W5 were in the order of $Ni^{2+}$ (127.9 mg/g) > $Cu^{2+}$ (94.7 mg/g) > $Co^{2+}$ (82.6 mg/g) and $Cu^{2+}$ (141.3 mg/g) > $Co^{2+}$ (122.2 mg/g) > $Ni^{2+}$ (87.6 mg/g), respectively. The results show that the synthetic zeolites, Z-C1 and Z-W5, are able to recover metal ions selectively in wastewater.

수열특성 및 기계적 안정성의 개선으로 슬러리상 CSTR에 적합한 P 첨가 알루미나 기반의 Fischer-Tropsch 합성용 코발트 촉매 (Phosphorus Modified Co/Al2O3 Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst for a Slurry Phase CSTR with Enhanced Hydrothermal and Mechanical Stability)

  • 정규인;하경수;박선주;김두일;우민희;전기원;배종욱;강용
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.229-237
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    • 2012
  • Fischer-Tropsch 합성용 Co/$Al_2O_3$ 촉매에서 알루미나 지지체에 인산 용액으로 알루미나 표면을 개질하여 촉매적 활성은 물론이고, 기계적 강도와 수열 안정성을 개선하였다. FT-IR과 같은 촉매 표면 분석법을 통하여 P 첨가로 알루미나 표면에 $AlPO_4$ 상이 생성되어 촉매인 코발트와 지지체인 알루미나 사이의 상호작용이 약화되어 촉매의 환원도가 높아졌음을 보였다. 이에 따른 촉매성능을 평가하기 위하여 $C_{5+}$ productivity와 turnover frequency를 계산하였다. 또한, 2 wt.% P 첨가 알루미나를 대상으로 지지체의 소성온도가 촉매활성에 미치는 영향도 살펴보았다. 한편, 고온 가압 하에서 물을 이용하여 P 첨가 알루미나(P-알루미나)를 지지체로 한 촉매의 수열 특성을 살펴보았으며, 실험 전후의 XRD 패턴을 분석함으로써 P 첨가 알루미나 기반 촉매가 수열 안정성이 우수하다는 것을 증명하였다. 뿐만 아니라, 촉매의 기계적 강도를 측정하기 위하여 유동화 반응기를 직접 제작하여 P-알루미나 기반 촉매의 P 함량이 증가할수록 마모도가 감소함을 확인하였다. 촉매 활성, 수열 안정성, 그리고 기계적 강도를 모두 고려하면, 알루미나에 첨가된 P의 함량이 1~2 wt.% 이고, 지지체를 $500^{\circ}C$에서 소성하여 제조한 촉매가 가장 좋은 성능을 보였다.

에트린자이트 미세다공체의 중금속 이온 고정화 특성 (Heavy Metal Ion Immobilization Properties of Microporous Ettringite Body)

  • 나현엽;송태웅
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제46권6호
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    • pp.668-672
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    • 2009
  • Heavy metal ion immobilization properties of microporous ettringite (3Ca$O{\cdot}Al_2O_3{\cdot}3CaSO_4{\cdot}32H_2$) body were examined using standard solutions of typical heavy metals. Microporous Ettringite body with desirable shape for an ionic adsorbent was obtained by the self hardening of the paste prepared from the mixture of tricalcium aluminate($C_3$A) and gypsum(CaS$O_4{\cdot}2H_2$O). Crushed grains of ettringite were soaked in each standard solutions of Pb, Co, Cd, Mn and Cr concentrated at 200 ppm. In order to evaluate the ionexchange and immobilization ability, the ionic concentration of the filtrate solution as well as the solution obtained after leaching test was measured. As a result, for the heavy metal ions excepting Cr, porous ettringite body was revealed to be excellent in ionic exchange and immobilization properties though some ions eluted at the severe condition of pH 2. The adsorption and keeping capacity for four heavy metals showed the order of $Pb{>}Co{>}Cd{>}$Mn.

산화철 허니컴 구조 촉매를 활용한 일산화탄소 저온 산화반응 연구 (Honeycomb-structured Fe2O3 Catalysts for Low-temperature CO Oxidation)

  • 이동헌;엄성현
    • 공업화학
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.151-154
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    • 2019
  • 코디어라이트 허니컴 표면에 알루미나 워시코트 지지체를 형성시키고 비교적 단순한 건식 코팅 공정으로 산화철 촉매를 코팅함으로써 실제 환경에 효과적으로 적용이 가능한 모노리스 구조 촉매를 제조하였다. 허니컴 통로 벽 구석으로 형성된 워시코트 알루미나 미세 기공으로 균일하게 코팅된 산화철 촉매를 확인하였으며, 일산화탄소 산화 반응에 적용하기 위하여 산화철 촉매의 열처리 효과를 검증하였다. $350^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 열처리한 산화철 촉매가 가장 우수한 촉매 성능을 발휘하였고, $200^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도 영역에서 100% 전환율을 나타내었다.