• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1383-1390
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the physico-chemical properties and phytoplankton concentration from February to December, 2007 in Gwangju area reservoirs. Water samples from 20 reservoirs were analyze d. As results of the water quality analysis, the average pH was 7.6 and annual pH were 6.3~9.6. The higher pH of 8.6~9.6 were showed from March to August due to eutrophication. Chlorophyll-a concentration ranged from 0.4 to $164.3\;mg/m^3$. The highest chlorophyll-a concentration was observed in August. BOD was correlated with SS, T-N, and Chlorophyll-a(R=0.82, 0.90 and 0.84) respectively. COD was correlated with BOD, SS and Chlorophyll-a(R= 0.89, 0.77 and 0.76) respectively. The T-N/T-P ratios were 4~281, so phosph orus was considered to be the limiting factor in most of points. The trophic state showed eutrophicate states in Gwangju reservoirs. Therefore it was necessary to monitor continuously. In order to monitor the reservoirs, an algae prediction system must be used.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.570-581
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• 2016

A watershed model was constructed using the Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran to predict the water quality, especially chlorophyll-a concentraion, at major tributaries of the Nakdong River basin, Korea. The BOD export loads for each land use in HSPF model were estimated at $1.47{\sim}8.64kg/km^2/day$; these values were similar to the domestic monitoring export loads. The T-N and T-P export loads were estimated at $0.618{\sim}3.942kg/km^2/day$ and $0.047{\sim}0.246kg/km^2/day$, slightly less than the domestic monitoring data but within the range of foreign literature values. The model was calibrated at major tributaries for a three-year period (2008 to 2010). The deviation values ranged from -31.5~1.6% of chlorophyll-a, -24.0~2.2% of T-N, and -5.7~34.8% of T-P. The root mean square error (RMSE) ranged from 4.3~44.4 ug/L for chlorophyll-a, -0.6~1.5 mg/L for T-N, and 0.04~0.18 mg/L for T-P, which indicates good calibration results. The operational water quality forecasting results for chlorophyll-a presented in this study were in good agreement with measured data and had an accuracy similar with model calibration results.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1996

To estimate the variation of food organisms on the corrugated PVC sheets, we analysed the chlorophyll a and. pheopigments of the benthic microalgae on the sheets from the oyster culture ponds. We estimated the standing crops as the amounts of chlorophyll a, and the physiological state of cells as the pheopigments level in the benthic microalgae. The amount of chlorophyll a was increased by immersion time in winter but the peak was observed every two weeks in summer, while the ratio of pheopigments was highest in summer but the low level was observed in spring and autumn. These seasonal variation were well coincided with the natural spawning season and the good microalgae nutritional valance.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 1970

In this study, changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid pigment in fresh and ash treated Undaria pinnetifida were determined by column chromatography. And pigment stabilizing effects of ashes were discussed. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The main carotenoids of Undaria pinnetifida are fucoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein and $\beta-carotene$. 2. In storage of fresh Undaria pinnetifida at $2-5^{\circ}C$ for 30 days, chlorophyll a decreased rapidly and mainly converted to pheophytin a. Among carotenoids, lutein was markedly lost while the others retained approximately $30\%$ after 30 days' storage. 3, By treating the sample with ashes, the loss of chlorophyll a was restrained whereas that of carotenoids seemed to be promoted. It is considered that pigment stabilization was attributed to both effect, the pH control effect by the alkalinity of ashes and the fixation of the pigment by heavy metals in ashes. The stabilizing effect of chlorophyll a differed from the kind of ashes used. Reed ashes showed better effect than others such as straw or pine ashes. 4. Since fucoxanthin is extremely sensitive to alkali the treatment of ashes with a high alkalinity resulted in rapid decrease of the pigment during storage. 5. In the analysis of ashes, reed ashes which had better effect on chlorophyll a retention than the other ashes showed the highest content of iron.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.832-839
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• 2009

Since construction of the estuarine barrage at the mouth of the Nakdong River, eutrophication and increased abundance of phytoplankton have occurred mainly due to the increased retention time in the reach. However, during the spring, there is a decrease in chlorophyll-a, as a result of an increase in zooplankton number, which preys upon phytoplankton and affects the value of chlorophyll-a. In order to emphasize the importance of zooplankton data in water quality simulation, zooplankton community data were used to simulate water quality and eutrophication at Mulgeum located in 27 km upstream from the barrage. WASP 7.2 was used as the water quality model for the river, using a monthly data set from 2003 to 2005 for model calibration and verification. The results showed that chlorophyll-a, DO, and total nitrogen in the river were simulated well during the verification period. The results of water quality simulation using zooplankton community data in the model were better than those with phytoplankton death rate, in terms of the absolute value of percent bias, root mean square error, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency. Those results indicate the use of zooplankton data provides more accurate simulation results for chlorophyll-a and eutrophication.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.12
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• pp.107-114
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• 1969

In order to elucidate the effects displayed by the plant growth regulators on the senecence of tobacco leaves, the author applied gibberellic acid, Kinetin, Indole-acetic acid, uracil, and malefic hydrazide to the excised leaves in concentration of 25mg/l of each regulators. And author obtained the results as following, 1. Parallel to the decreases of chlorophyll, the amounts of protein and RNA were decreased. 2. The supression of decrease of the amounts of RNA and protein was displayed by the plant growth regulators, G.A., I.A.A.. The decrease of them in M.A. treatments was more than in non-treatments. 3. The ratio changes of chlorophyll a/b and the changes of protein and RNA content seemed to be no relations.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.432-440
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• 2009

During the period of past fifteen years (1992~2006), variations of chlorophyll a in relation with water quality in freshwater reservoirs were investigated. This study compared total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll a, Secchi depth (SD) and total suspended solids (TSS) between terrestrial freshwater reservoir and coastal freshwater reservoir systems based on their location. Regression analyses (linear and non-linear regressions) were applied for all study sites to examine relationship and interaction of these factors in the freshwater systems from in-land to coasts. The results demonstrated that chlorophyll a was significantly correlated to total phosphorus ($R^2=0.94$, P<0.0001) and was remarkably related to TSS increase ($R^2=0.63$, P<0.0001) in the selected reservoirs. The TN : TP ratio in the reservoir systems was higher than Redfield ratio (16 : 1) indicating that the reservoirs are potentially experiencing P limitation. Water quality of coastal freshwater reservoir system was more significantly decreased than the reservoirs located in in-land during the past fifteen years. The strict management of nutrient discharge into freshwater systems should implemented in the coastal reservoirs since the freshwater is introduced into coastal estuarine systems.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of simulated acid solution(SAS) on acid buffering capacity, chlorophyll content and butrient leacking in 4 herb species(Petunia hybrida Vilm, Gomphrena globosa L. Celosia cristat L. Salvia officinallis L) . The acid buffering capacity in the leves was increased in the treatment of pH 3.0 in Celosia L., whereas it was increased at pH 4.0 in Petunia Petunia hybrida Vilm. and Gomprean globosa L.. But, the acid buffering capacity of the leaves did not work at ph 2.0 treatment in 4 herb species. With decreasing pH level, the chlorophyll content of Petunia hybrida Vilm. and Gomphrena globosa L. Was markedly decreased than that of Gelosia cristata L. and Savia officinalis L. As the pH levels decreased from 5.6 to 2.0 the nutrient leaching from leaves was significantly increased in 4 herb species. In pH 4.0 and 5.6, the concentrations of nutrient leaching from leaves were higher in Perunia hybrida Vilm. and Gomphrean globosa L. than Gelosia cristata L. and Salvia officinalis L., Based on the results, there was a great differences in response to SAS among the 4 herb species. Im general, Gelosia cristata L. and Salvia officinalis L. represented a higher tolerance to SAS Petunia hybrida Vilm, and Gomphrena globosa L..

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.275-284
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of sannamul or herb extract addition to a soybean oil-in-water emulsion during photooxidation in the presence of chlorophyll. Methods: The emulsion mainly consisted of purified soybean oil and citric acid buffer (pH 4.0) at a weight ratio of 4 to 6, with chlorophyll a addition at 6 mg/kg. Ethanol extract of daraesoon, samnamul, basil, or peppermint was selectively added to the emulsion at 400 mg/kg, and emulsions in glass serum bottles were oxidized at $5^{\circ}C$ under 2,600 lux light for 48 hours. Lipid oxidation of the emulsions was evaluated based on determination of headspace oxygen content, peroxide value, and p-anisidine value. Pigments and antioxidants were also monitored. Results: The emulsion with added samnamul extract with high contents of polyphenols and low chlorophyll content showed lower oxygen consumption, peroxide values, and p-anisidine values, whereas basil and peppermint extracts with high chlorophyll contents increased photooxidation. Chlorophylls were degraded during photooxidation of the emulsions, and the degradation rate was highest in the emulsion with added samnamul extract. Conclusion: The high antioxidant activity of samnamul extract in the photooxidation of soybean oil-in-water emulsion could be due to low chlorophyll content, high concentrations of polyphenol compounds in the extract, as well as rapid degradation of chlorophylls during oxidation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 1987

This study was investigated and analyzed the physiological reaction mechanisms and the factors of the chlorophyll bleaching phenomenon on leaf burning-disease of the Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Chlorophyll bleaching phenomenon was mainly caused by the photooxidation of singlet oxygen and the autooxidation of hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) accumulation resulted from inactivation of catalase and peroxidase. Chlorophyll bleaching phenomenon was remarkably accelerated by addition of saponin.