• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.782-787
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• 2008

Ni-ceria cermets have been extensively investigated as candidates for the anode in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. We have used the citric method to synthesize nanocomposite powders consisting of NiO (Ni metal content: $40{\sim}60%$ by volume) highly dispersed in $Ce_{0.9}Gd_{0.1}O_{1.95}$ (CGO). The microstructure characteristics and sintering behaviors of the nanocomposites were investigated. No impurity phases were observed and the shrinkage of these substrates matched well with that of a CGO electrolyte with a specific surface area of $11\;m^2/g$. Densification of the CGO electrolyte layer to $<5\;{\mu}m$ thickness was achieved by co-firing the laminated electrolyte with the porous NiO-CGO substrate at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 6 h.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 정기총회 및 창립40주년기념 학술대회 학회본부
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• pp.200-202
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• 1987

Sintered CdS films on glass substrate with low electrical resistivity and high optical transmittance have been prepared by coating and sintering method. All-polycrystalline CdS/CdTe solar cells with different microstructure and properties of CdTe layer were fabricated by coating a number of CdTe slurries, which consisted of Cd and Te powders, an appropriate amount of propylene glycol and 2 or 7.5 w/o $CdC1_2$, on the sintered CdS films and by sintering the glass-CdS-(Cd+Te) composites at various temperature. To explore the dependence of the solar efficiency on the preparation conditions of the CdTe layer, Cd powder with an average particle size of $0.3{\mu}m$ or $5{\mu}m$ was prepared. The use of Cd with finer particles forms more dense or uniform microstructure of the nuclear of CdTe during the heating. Therefore the use of Cd with finer particles improves the efficiency of the sintered CdS/CdTe solar cell by improving the microstructure of sintered CdTe layer. But the difference of solar efficiency by varing a particle size of Cd is decreased with increasing amount of $CdC1_2$ in the (Cd+Te) layer. All-polycrystalline CdS/CdTe solar cells with an efficiency of 10.2% under solar irradiation have been fabricated using a Cd with finer particles.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1241-1245
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• 2004

Continuous physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is one of many processes to fabricate long length coated conductor which is required for successful large-scale application of superconducting power devices. Three film deposition systems (pulsed laser deposition, sputtering, and evaporation) equipped with reel-to-reel(R2R) metal tape moving apparatus were installed and used to deposit multi-layer oxide thin films. Both RABiTS and IBAD texture templates are used. IBAD template consists of CeO$_2$(PLD)/YSZ(IBAD) on stainless steel(SS) metal tape, and RABiTS template has the structure of CeO$_2$/YSZ/Y$_2$O$_3$ which was continuously deposited on Ni-alloy tape using R$_2$R evaporation and DC reactive sputtering in a deposition system designed to do both processes. 0.4 m-long coated conductor with Ic(77 K) of 34 A/cm was fabricated using RABiTS template. 0.5 m and 1.1 m-long coated conductor with Ic(77 K) of 41 A/cm and 26 A/cm were fabricated using IBAD template.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2002년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.127-130
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• 2002

Step-edge dc SQUID magnetometers have been fabricated on sapphire substrate. Ce$O_{2}$ buffer layer and $YBa_{2}$$Cu_{3}$ $O_{7}$(YBCO) films were deposited in-situ on the low angle (~$35^{\circ}$)steps formed on the substrates. Typical 5-$\mu$m-wide junction has $R_{N}$ of 4 $\Omega$ and $I_{c}$ of 60 $\mu$A with $I_{c}$$R_{N}$ product of 240 $\mu$V at 77 K. According to applied bias current, depth of voltage modulation was changed and maximum voltage was measured 100~300 fT/$\checkmark$ Hz at 100 Hz, and about 1.5 pT/$\checkmark$ Hz at 1 Hz. For ac bias reversal method, field noise was decreased in the 1/f region. The QRS peak of magneto-cardiogram was measured 50 pT in the magnetically shielded room.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.274-275
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• 2005

The tensile strain dependency of critical current in YBCO coated conductors was examined at 77K and in the self magnetic field. A commercially available YBCO sample with Cu stabilizer layer was supplied. There existed a peak in the relation between the Ie and tensile strain, and the reversible variation of $I_c$ with applied tensile strain was found. In the neutral axis Ni alloy RABiTS-$Y_2O_3$/YSZ/$CeO_2$ buffered YBCO tape, the $I_c$ recovered reversibly until the applied strain reached to about 0.5%, representing that a significant residual compressive strain induced during cooling to 77 K influenced the axial strain tolerance of YBCO conductors. To investigate the strain and stress influence on the $I_c$, the stress-strain characteristics of YBCO conductors measured at 77 K were discussed.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.710-714
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• 2007

LSGM$(La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}Ga_{0.8}Mg_{0.2}O_{3-{\delta}})$ is the very promising electrolyte material for lower-temperature operation of SOFCs, especially when realized in anode-supported cells. But it is notorious for reacting with other cell components and resulting in the highly resistive reaction phases detrimental to cell performance. LDC$(La_{0.4}Ce_{0.6}O_{1.8})$, which is known to keep the interfacial stability between LSGM electrolyte and anode, was adopted in the anode-supported cell, and its effect on the interfacial reactivity and electrochemical performance of the cell was investigated. No severe interfacial reaction and corresponding resistive secondary phase was found in the cell with LDC buffer layer, and this is due to its ability to sustain the La chemical potential in LSGM. The cell exhibited the open circuit voltage of 0.64V, the maximum power density of 223 $mW/cm^2$, and the ohmic resistance of $0.17{\Omega}cm^2$ at $700^{\circ}C$. These values were much improved compared with those from the cell without any buffer layer, which implies that formation of the resistive reaction phases in LSGM and then deterioration of the cell performance is resulted mainly from the La diffusion from LSGM electrolyte to anode.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.150-152
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• 2003

YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$(YBCO) coated conductors were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on short buffered substrate in continuous PLD reel-to-reel system. The oxide multilayer buffered substrate of architectures of CeO$_2$/YSZ/Y$_2$O$_3$was fabricated by PLD at steady status. The degree of texture of each layer was investigated using X-ray diffraction including $\theta$-2$\theta$ scans, $\omega$-scans and $\Phi$-scans analysis. Their surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The FWHM of the X-ray $\omega$-scans and $\Phi$-scans indicated that YBCO and buffer layers closely replicate the in-plane and out-of-plane texture of metal tape. Critical current at 77K self-field of 19A, critical temperature of 86K, and current density of 2MA/$\textrm{cm}^2$ were measured. The film also exhibits a homogeneous and dense surface morphology.e morphology.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.1181-1191
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• 2013

다목적댐 저수지는 여름철에 발생하는 성층현상이 발생하고 가을철에는 성층화된 저수지의밀도 차로 인한 전도현상이 일어나게 된다. 이러한 현상은 저수지의 시공간적 수온분포의 변화에 의하여 발생하며, 이를 정확히 모의하고 예측하기 위해서는 수온에 작용하는 관련 매개변수의 작용특성을 명확히 파악할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 합천댐 저수지를 대상으로 횡방향 평균 2차원 저수지 수리 수질 해석모형인 CE-QUAL-W2를 적용하여 저수지내 발생하는 수온성층, 탁수의 거동 및 수질을 예측하기 위해 선행되어야 할 수온모의를 통해 합천댐 저수지에 적합한 수온 매개변수 산정에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 특히 모델에서 합천댐 수온모의와 관련된 매개변수 중 바람차폐계수(WSC), 복사열계수(BETA), 빛소멸계수(EXH2O), 바닥 열교환계수(CBHE)의 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 첫 번째로, 민감도가 높은 기간을 확인한 결과 WSC, BETA, EXH2O는 공통적으로 4~9월, CBHE는 8~11월로 나타났다. 두 번째로, 매개변수가 영향을 미치는 수심대를 확인한 결과 BETA는 0~9m, EXH2O는 8~14m 구간으로, 수표면과 가까운 표층과 수온약층, CBHE는 바닥에서부터 12m 구간으로 심층구간에서 영향이 나타났다. 마지막으로 연단위 혹은 각월에서의 최적매개변수를 적용한 결과 WSC와 CBHE 매개변수는 모의온도의 편차가 그다지 크지 않았으나, BETA와 EXH2O의 경우 연단위와 월단위 최적매개변수 적용 시 모의수온편차가 각각 월평균 $0.20^{\circ}C$와 $0.51^{\circ}C$로 다소 큰 값을 보이고 있으며, 특히 수온이 최대로 상승하는 5~8월 중에는 $0.4^{\circ}C$와 $1.09^{\circ}C$의 편차를 보여 월단위 매개변수사용의 필요성이 뚜렷이 확인되었다. 이는 현재 저수지수질모형의 검보정에서 입력요구조건에 따라 혹은 관행적으로 사용되고 있는 연단위 매개변수의 사용에 있어서 월단위로의 개선이 필요한 부분으로 사료된다.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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• pp.147-151
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• 1999

YBCO step-edge Josephson junction were fabricated on sapphire substrates. The steps were formed on R-plane sapphire substrates by using Ar ion milling with PR masks. The step angle was controlled in the wide range from 25$^{\circ}$ to 50$^{\circ}$ by adjusting both the Ar ion incident angle and the photoresist mask rotation angle relative to the incident Ar ion beam. CeO$_2$ buffer layer and in-situ YBa$_2Cu_3O_{7-{\delta}}$ (YBCO) thin films was deposited on the stepped R-plane sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition method. The YBCO film thickness was varied to obtain the ratio of film thickness to step height in the range from 0.5 to 1. The step edge junction exhibited RSJ-like behaviors with I$_cR_n$ product of 100 ${\sim}$ 300 ${\mu}$V, critical current density of 10$^3$ ${\sim}$ 10$^5$ A/ cm$^2$ at 77 K.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2037-2042
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• 2013

기존 DSSC의 상대전극을 TCO-less로 하여 도전성과 촉매기능을 동시에 가지고 있는 Pd의 안정성 확인을 위해 열증착기를 채용하여 유리기판 전면에 Pd를 90nm 두께로 증착하고 전해질과의 반응 안정성을 확인하였다. $0.45cm^2$급 면적을 가진 glass/FTO/blocking layer/$TiO_2$/dye/electrolyte(10 mM LiI + 1 mM $I_2$ + 0.1 M $LiClO_4$ in acetonitrile solution)/Pd/glass 구조의 DSSC 소자를 만들고, 시편제작 1시간, 12시간 후의 변화를 육안분석, 광학현미경과 FESEM을 이용하여 미세구조 분석을 진행하고, 전기적 분석은 각각 C-V(cyclic voltammetry measurements), I-V(current voltage) 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 미세구조 분석을 통하여 시간이 지남에 따라 확연히 Pd과 전해질이 반응하여 부식되는 것을 확인하였고, 전기적으로도 시간이 지남에 따라 촉매활동도와 효율이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 최종 효율은 1시간 후에는 0.34%의 광전효율을 보였으나 12시간 후에는 0.15%를 나타내어 약 44%로 감소하였다. 따라서 염료감응태양전지에 Pd촉매를 채용하기 위해 $I^-/I_3{^-}$ 전해질이 아닌 다른 전해질을 사용하거나 Pd 전극이 아닌 다른 촉매재를 사용해야 함을 확인하였다.