• 대한화학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.179-184
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• 1967

pH 6.0~12.6 範圍에서 0.15M 타르타르酸鹽支持溶液 속에서의 Cd(II)플라로그람을 20$^{\circ}C 및 25$^{\circ}C에서 調査한 結果 pH 7.8 部分까지는 限界電流값 및 半波電位값이 一定하지만 같은 이온强度의 窒酸鹽支持溶液을 사용하였을 때에 비하여 半波電位값이 0.05 volt 負쪽으로 移行하고 있으며 限界電流값은 28% 감소되었다. pH 8.2 部分以上부터는 限界電流값이 急激하게 감소하다가 pH11.2~11.4 부근 以上부터 다시 急激히 증가하는 現象을 보여 주었다. 한편 pH 8.2 部分以上부터는 半波電位값은 pH증가에 따라 계속 負 쪽으로 移行하여 pH 12.6에서는 -0.78volt로 되었다. 可能한 電極反應機構를 假定하고 pH 9.4에 이르기 까지의 還元波變動의 原因을 檢討하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

돼지고기 등심의 표면에 Lactococcus lactis subsp. Jactis ATCC l1454 유산균 배양액 3.96 log units의 처리구는 4$^{\circ}C$ 저장 1일 이후 대조구의 TBA가와 유의적 차이가 없었다 (P>0.05). 유산균 배양액 3.96 log units 처리구의 Hunter color L*과 b*가는 저장 동안 대조구와 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 유산균 배양액 4.10과 4.23 log units 처리구의 Hunter a*가는 4$^{\circ}C$ 저장 1일과 6일 이후 대조구와 유의적 차이 (P<0.05)를 나타내었다. 유산균 배양액 4.10과 4.23 log units 처리구의 육즙유출율은 4$^{\circ}C$ 저장 4일 이후부터 처리구와 대조구 사이에 유의적 차이를 나타내었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.551-556
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• 2011

본 연구는 표준균주 C. sakazakii(CAFM2)와 4개의 야생균주(EB 1, EB 5, EB 7, EB 41)를 사용하여 pH를 조정한 산성 환경에서의 저항성을 살펴보았다. C. sakazakii는 pH 4.5 TSB에서 5시간, 10시간 동안 적응한 경우, pH 4.5 TSB에서 적응하지 않은 경우와 비교하여 EB 7을 제외한 모든 균주가 pH 2.5 TSB에서의 D값이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 따라서 약산성 환경에서 적응한 균주는 강산성 환경에서의 저항성이 증가하였다. C. sakazakii는 pH 4.5 TSB에서 배양한 경우, pH 7.2 TSB에서 배양한 경우와 비교하여 모든 균주가 pH 2.5 TSB에서의 D값이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 따라서 약산성 환경에서 배양한 균주는 강산성 환경에서의 저항성이 증가하였다. 본 연구를 통해 C. sakazakii는 약산성 환경에 적응한 경우 강산성 환경에서의 저항성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 acid adaptation response는 C. sakazakii와 관련된 식품 가공 산업에서의 hurdle technology를 적용하는데 있어서 안전성 확보와 관련된 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 1989

An anaerobic acidogenic fermentation experiment was carried out in order to investigate the distribution of volatile acid products and gas generations with varing temperatures and pH values. The experiment was carried out using $1\%$ glucose as substrate and a pair of 3.5 liter vessle as bench scale batch reactors. The reactors were operated for 7 days at 25, 30 and $35^{\circ}C$ and at pH values of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0 at each temperature conditions. Major products at all experiment pH's at $35^{\circ}C$ were acetic acids and butyric acids which together composed around $90^{\circ}F$ of total product acids. At higher pH values at $35^{\circ}C$, propionic acid reached around $10\%$. At all experiment conditions, 52 to $55\%$ of generated gases comprised of hydrogen gas and 45 to $48\%$ of carbon dioxide. With temperature increase from 25 to $35^{\circ}C$, the production rate of acetic acid increased 2.9 fold, butyric acid 22 fold, hydrogen gas 2.0 fold and carbon dioxide gas 2.3 fold. Optimum reaction conditions for highest production of acetic acid and hydrogen gas was determined to be pH 5.5 at $35^{\circ}C$.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.689-695
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• 2016

약용버섯(영지버섯, 상황버섯)과 식용버섯(새송이버섯, 표고버섯)을 장방형(1 cm)과 정방형($1{\times}1cm$)으로 절단하여 자연건조와 열풍건조($50^{\circ}C$, $70^{\circ}C$)하면서 건조특성을 조사하고 건조 시료의 수축률, 색도 및 재수화성을 조사하였다. 건조 전의 초기수분함량은 약용버섯에 비해 식용버섯이 높았으며, 건조 후 최종수분함량은 약용버섯이 높았다. 건조속도는 $70^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조가 가장 빨랐으며, 장방형절편보다 정방형절편에서 건조 속도가 빨랐다(p<0.05). 수축률은 약용버섯은 $50^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조, 식용버섯은 $70^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조가 가장 작았으며 정방형 절편이 장방형에 비해 낮았다(p<0.05). Hunter 색차계로 색도 값을 조사한 결과, 약용버섯은 자연건조구, 식용버섯은 열풍건조구가 색도 변화가 작았으며, 갈변도를 나타내는 ΔE값도 적었다(p<0.05). 재수화율은 약용버섯은 $50^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조구, 식용버섯은 자연건조구에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). $50^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조가 비교적 건조시간이 짧으며, 수축률이 낮고, 갈변이 적게 일어나며, 재수화율이 높아서 효율적인 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of herbs (dill weed, fennel seed and rosemary) on color stability and lipid oxidation of ground pork patties during storage at $2^{\circ}C$ and $-20^{\circ}C$. Lipid oxidation was determined by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method. Fennel seed was identified as being the most effective ingredient in terms of meat redness (Hunter a-values) during storage at $2^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Patties treated with rosemary had lower Hunter a-values than control, and dill weed was the least beneficial in influencing meat redness, having significantly lower a-values than control patties. During frozen storage at $-20^{\circ}C$, no significant differences in a-values were observed between the control patties and those treated with fennel seed. Patties treated with rosemary had lower a-values than control and patties with dill weed had negative a-values throughout storage. The cooking process increased Hunter L-values and decreased a-values in all patty samples. TBARS values increased during storage. Rosemary displayed excellent antioxidative activity as evidenced by the completely inhibition of TBARS formation of cooked pork patties. Dill weed and fennel seed also exerted an intermediate but significant antioxidant effect during storage (p<0.05).

• KSBB Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.65-68
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• 1989

누에 번데기의 단백질 추출 조건을 규명하고자 온도, ph및 시간 변화에 따라 추출된 단백질의 총 질소함량을 Kjeldahl법과 원소 분석기를 이용한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 누에 번데기의 초단백질 : 23.34%, 조지방 : 15.61%이나, 2. 온도 변화에 따른 ph 4에서 1시간 추출시 6$0^{\circ}C$:6.76%, 8$0^{\circ}C$:7.94%, 10$0^{\circ}C$:8.67%이고 C.H.N corder의 분석결과는 6$0^{\circ}C$:8.08%, 8$0^{\circ}C$:9.52%, 10$0^{\circ}C$:9.72%로서 두 가지 방법에서 수치는 다르지만 온도 상승에 따라 수용성 질소계수가 증가하는 경향임을 알 수 있다. 3. pH변화에 따른 8$0^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 추출시 pH 4:7.94%, pH 6:8.96%, pH : 8:9.70%, pH : 10:10.67%, pH : 12:10.98%로 온도 상승과 같이 pH증가에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 4.추출시간의 변화에 따른 10$0^{\circ}C$에서 pH 4인경우 1시간:8.67%, 2시간:9.23%, 3시간:9.76%이고, C.H.N. corder의 결과는 1시간:9.72%, 2시간:10.06%, 3시간:10.83%로서 추출 시간이 늘어남에 따라 증가되는 경향을 보이고 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-68
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• 2001

This investigation studied the relationship between Body Mass Index(BMI) and dietary intake, levels of serum lipid, lipoprotein(a) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) of 28.449 Korean adults(16.937 men, 11.542 women) from 1995 to 1999. The dietary assessment was conducted using 24-hour dietary records and food frequency questionnaires. During this five year study, the BMI normal-weight group, as a percentage of the annual test population, decreased from 68.0% to 60.2%, while the BMI overweight and obese groups collectively increased from 25.0% to 29.7%. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol(LDL-C), Triacylglycerol(TG) and PAI-1 increased as the values of BMI increased, while the levels of HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C) and lipoprotein(a)(men only) appeared to decrease as values of BMI increased. The levels of daily energy intake also increased as values of BMI increased in both men and women. The obese group had significantly higher levels of carbohydrate, protein, fat(men only), and cholesterol intake than those of the normal-weight, underweight, and overweight groups. In men, BMI positively correlated with the levels of macronutrients and cholesterol intake(p＜0.001), % energy of protein, fat, and alcohol intake(p＜0.001), and the levels of serum TC, LDL-C, TG and PAI-1(p＜0.001), while BMI negatively correlated with % energy of carbohydrate intake, and the levels of Lp(a) and HDL-C(p＜0.001). In women, BMI negatively correlated with level of cholesterol(p＜0.01), fat(p＜0.001), alcohol intake(p＜0.05),% energy of fat (p＜0.001), % energy of alcohol intake and level of and HDL-C(p＜0.001). Subjects who had serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG levels greater than the standard reference values(TC＞240mg/㎗, LDL-C＞130mg/㎗, HDL-C＞35, TG＞200mg/㎗) exhibited a higher intake of the three macronutrients, iron, calcium, meat, milk and fatty foods than those subjects who had serum lipid concentrations less-than-or-equal-to the standard reference values. Overall, there was positive correlation between the high risk factors of vascular disease variables, dietary intake, and BMI. Prevalence of hypertension and high blood sugar were increased as BMI increased, but the prevalence of hypertension is decreased as the year goes by. These findings showed that dietary intake, level of serum lipids and other vascular disease risk factors increased as BIM increased. Therefore, middle or upper class Korean adults who have high BMI should improve their eating habits. This involve reducing alcohol, animal fat, high carbohydrate foods, and overall food intake, and balancing intake in order to lower vascular disease risk factors, including obesity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1973

미강유에 미치는 방사선 조사의 영향과 이에 따른 변화를 연구하기 위하여 용매 추출한 미강유에 B.H.T, C.A. 를 각각 0.01% 첨가, 공기 존재하에서 2 Mrads와 7 Mrads의 두가지 선량으로 dose rate 300 rads/sec 인 $^{60}Co-gamma$ (25,000 Ci) 선원을 조사직후 $5^{\circ}C$와 $25^{\circ}C$에서 저장하여 경시적으로 A.V., P.O.V., C.O.V.를 측정하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) A.V.는 저장 중 온도차, 항산화제의 첨가 유무에 관계없이 조사에 의한 상승이나 감소는 별로 없었다. 2) P.O.V.는 저장 중 계속 증가하는 것이 아니고 증감의 반복을 유지하면서 즉 과산화물의 생성과 분해가 일어나면서 증가했다. 3) C.O.V.는 P.O.V.가 증가하면 감소하는 결과를 보여 P.O.V.와 다른 경향을 나타 냈으며 7주에서는 거의 일정하거나 변화가 없었다. 4) 항산화제는 2 Mrads 조사에서는 B.H.T.가 C.A.보다 항산화력이 좋았으나, 7 Mrads 에서는 별 차이를 보이지 않았고, 장기저장면에서 보면 조사후에 항산화제를 첨가하는 것이 효과적임을 알 수 있다. 5) 조사선량에 따른 영향에 있어서, 시료의 처리조건 (저장온도, 항산화제의 첨가등)에 관계없이 일율적으로 2 Mrads 로 조사된 시료의 P.O.V. 가 높았다. 6) 고온 저장$(25^{\circ}C)$은 저온 저장$(5^{\circ}C)$때 보다 P.O.V.의 상승이 2배였으며, 8주저장중 저온에서는 1주 P.O.V.의 2배의 상승을, 고온에서는 $3{\sim}4$ 배로 상승하여 역시 저온 저장이 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.324-329
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the changes of the serological lipid-related parameters of the rats when they were fed with the high fat diets supplemented with or without rutin for five weeks. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats ($272.2{\pm}7.2 g$ of body weight) were randomly divided into three groups: control (C) group and two treatment groups. Rats in the C group were fed with the high-fat diet containing 20% lard, 1% cholesterol and 0.5% sodium cholate (w/w) which was modified from the formula of the American Institute of Nutrition-76 (AIN-76) diet. Rats in treatment groups were fed with above diet supplemented with 0.75% rutin (R-0.75) or 1.5% rutin (R-1.5) on the weight to weight basis, respectively. The supplementation of rutin did not induce any significant difference on the final body weight, gain of body weight, the amount of feed intake and the feed efficiency of rats in both control and treatment groups. In addition the values of glucose concentration, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio showed no significant differences among groups. The values of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in sera of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were lower than those in C group but the significances were showed in only between R-0.75 and C group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The values of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in sera of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were higher than those in C group but the significances were showed in only between R-1.5 and C group (p < 0.01). The values of atherogenic index(AI) of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were the lower than those in C group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). The values of triglyceride in sera of rats showed no significant differences among groups. The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats showed no significant differences among groups. Therefore the supplementation of rutin to high fat diet in rats reduced effectively the serum lipid levels such as TC and LDL-C which were regarded as to cause the cardiovascular diseases, and moreover it elevated effectively HDL-C value which was regarded to protect cardiovascular diseases.