• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2000

For decompose carbon dioxide, manganese oxide was synthesized with $0.25M-MnSO_{4}{\cdot}nH_{2}O$ and 0.5M-NaOH by coprecipitation. We made magnetite deoxidized manganese oxide by hydrogen reduction for 1hour at $330^{\circ}C$. We investigated characteristics of catalyst, hydrogen reduction degree and decomposition rate of carbon dioxide. The structure of the hausmannite certified spinel type. The specific surface area of synthesized hausmannite and deoxidized hausmannite were $22.36m^{2}/g$, $33.56m^{2}/g$ respectively. The decomposition rate of $CO_{2}$ of deoxidized hausmannite was 57%.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2006

A (5 wt.%)Mn-(1 wt.%)$V_{2}O_{5}/TiO_{2}$ catalyst were prepared by co-precipitation method and used for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of $NO_x$ with ammonia in the presence of oxygen. The properties of the catalysts were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The experimental results showed that (5 wt.%)Mn-(1 wt.%)$V_{2}O_{5}/TiO_{2}$ catalyst yielded 81% NO conversion at temperature as low as $150^{\circ}C$ and a space velocity of $2,400\;h^{-1}$. Crystalline phase of $Mn_{2}O_3$ was present at ${\ge}\;15%$ Mn on $V_{2}O_{5}/TiO_{2}$. XRD confirmed the presence of manganese oxide ($Mn_{2}O_{3}$) at $2{\theta}=32.978^{\circ}(222)$. The XRD patterns presented of (5 wt.%)Mn-(1 wt.%)$V_{2}O_{5}/TiO_{2}$ did not show intense or sharp peaks for manganese oxides and vanadia oxides. The TPR profiles of (5 wt.%)Mn-(1 wt.%)$V_{2}O_{5}/TiO_{2}$ catalyst showed main reduction peat of a maximum at $595^{\circ}C$.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.198-207
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• 1996

It is well known that drag reduction in single phase liquid flow is affected by polymer material, molecular weight, polymer concentration, pipe diameter, and flow velocity. Drag reduction in two phase flow can be applied to the transport of crude oil, phase change system such as chemical reactor, pool and boiling flow, and to present cavitation which occurs in pump impellers. But the research of drag reduction in two phase flow is not sufficient. The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the drag reduction by measuring pressure drop, void fraction, mean liquid velocity, and turbulent intensity whether polymer is added in the horizontal two phase system or not. Experiment has been conducted in a test section with the inner diameter of 24mm and the length of 1,500mm. The polymer materials used are two kinds of polyacrylamide[PAAM] and co-polymer[A611P]. The polymer concentration was varied with 50, 100 and 200 ppm under the same experimental conditions. Experimental results showed that the drag reduction of co-polymer is higher than that of polyacrylamide. Mean liquid velocities increased as polymer was added, and turbulent intensity decreased inversely near the pipe wall.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2013

Fe-TiC composite powder was fabricated via two steps. The first step was a high-energy milling of FeO and carbon powders followed by heat treatment for reduction to obtain a (Fe+C) powder mixture. The optimal condition for high-energy milling was 500 rpm for 1h, which had been determined by a series of preliminary experiment. Reduction heat-treatment was carried out at $900^{\circ}C$ for 1h in flowing argon gas atmosphere. Reduced powder mixture was investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Laser Particle Size Analyser (LPSA). The second step was a high-energy milling of (Fe+C) powder mixture and additional $TiH_2$ powder, and subsequent in-situ synthesis of TiC particulate in Fe matrix through a reaction of carbon and Ti. High-energy milling was carried out at 500 rpm for 1 h. Heat treatment for reaction synthesis was carried out at $1000{\sim}1200^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in flowing argon gas atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of the fabricated Fe-TiC composite powder showed that only TiC and Fe phases exist. Results from FE-SEM observation and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectros-copy (EDS) revealed that TiC phase exists uniformly dispersed in the Fe matrix in a form of particulate with a size of submicron.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2007

An amperometric immunosensor for the determination of rabbit IgG is proposed. The immunoassay utilizes a screen-printed carbon electrode on which osmium redox polymer is electrodeposited. This immunoassay detects 0.1 ng/ml of rabbit IgG, which is ${\sim}10^2$ fold higher than the most sensitive enzyme amplified amperometric immunoassay. The assay utilizes a screen-printed carbon electrode which was pre-coated by a co-electrodeposited film of an electron conducting redox hydrogel and a rabbit IgG. The rabbit IgG in the electron conducting film conjugates captures, when present, the anti-rabbit IgG. The captured anti-rabbit-IgG is labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) which catalyzes the two-electron reduction of $H_2O_2$ to water. Because the redox hydrogel electrically connects HRP reaction centers to the electrode, completion of the sandwich converts the film from non-electrocatalytic to electro-catalytic for the reduction of $H_2O_2$ to $H_2O$ when the electrode is poised at 200 mV vs. Ag/AgCl.

• 청정기술
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2016

본 연구에서는, 연소로에서 발생하는 질소산화물을 제거하기 위한 V/TiO₂ 촉매의 제조조건에 따른 SCR 반응활성 및 SO₂ 내구성 증진 연구를 수행하였다. 제조된 촉매들은 XPS, Raman, H₂-TPR, SO₂-TPD를 이용하여 특성분석을 수행하였다. 촉매활성 및 SO₂ 내구성을 고려하였을 때 바나듐 함량은 2 wt%가 최적이었다. 텅스텐을 promotor로 첨가하였을 경우, 저온에서의 환원능력의 증진과 SO₂ 흡착량 감소로 인하여 우수한 반응활성과 SO₂ 내구성을 나타내었다. 또한 촉매 제조 시 바나듐용액의 pH가 낮아질수록 촉매표면에 형성되는 바나듐이 고분산되어 표면 crystalline V₂O₅ 종의 형성을 억제하였고, 이로 인해 우수한 반응활성을 나타내었다. CO에 대한 내구성도 우수하여 CO가 발생하는 연소로에서도 사용가능 함을 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2004

Pt/MoO₃로의 수소 이동 속도론은 소성 온도에 따라 변하는 잔존 Cl량에 의하여 영향을 받았다. 선택적 CO화학흡착 법을 사용하여 소성 온도의 증가에 다른 Pt표면적의 감소를 측정하였다. 50℃등온 실험에서 소성 후에 Cl 량의 빠른 감소 현상을 규명하기 위하여 여러 특성화 분석을 실시하였다. Pt결정 표면에서 잔존 Cl 량의 감소는 MoO₃로의 수소 공급을 증가시켰고, 수소 흡착 속도론을 조절하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권11호
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• pp.27.1-27.8
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• 2018

Background: Enteric methane ($CH_4$) accounts for about 70% of total $CH_4$ emissions from the ruminant animals. Researchers are exploring ways to mitigate enteric $CH_4$ emissions from ruminants. Recently, nano zinc oxide (nZnO) has shown potential in reducing $CH_4$ and hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) production from the liquid manure under anaerobic storage conditions. Four different levels of nZnO and two types of feed were mixed with rumen fluid to investigate the efficacy of nZnO in mitigating gaseous production. Methods: All experiments with four replicates were conducted in batches in 250 mL glass bottles paired with the ANKOM$^{RF}$ wireless gas production monitoring system. Gas production was monitored continuously for 72 h at a constant temperature of $39{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ in a water bath. Headspace gas samples were collected using gas-tight syringes from the Tedlar bags connected to the glass bottles and analyzed for greenhouse gases ($CH_4$ and carbon dioxide-$CO_2$) and $H_2S$ concentrations. $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ gas concentrations were analyzed using an SRI-8610 Gas Chromatograph and $H_2S$ concentrations were measured using a Jerome 631X meter. At the same time, substrate (i.e. mixed rumen fluid+ NP treatment+ feed composite) samples were collected from the glass bottles at the beginning and at the end of an experiment for bacterial counts, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) analysis. Results: Compared to the control treatment the $H_2S$ and GHGs concentration reduction after 72 h of the tested nZnO levels varied between 4.89 to 53.65%. Additionally, 0.47 to 22.21% microbial population reduction was observed from the applied nZnO treatments. Application of nZnO at a rate of $1000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ have exhibited the highest amount of concentration reductions for all three gases and microbial population. Conclusion: Results suggest that both 500 and $1000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ nZnO application levels have the potential to reduce GHG and $H_2S$ concentrations.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.462-469
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• 1993

Cofacial bis-cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin 유도체 화합물들이 수식된 유리질 탄소 전극과 microelectrode에서 순환 전압 전류법 및 시간 전류법에 의해 산소의 환원 반응을 조사하였다. Microelectrode를 사용하여 시간-전류법에 의해 얻은 전자수 n값들은 유리질 탄소 전극을 사용하여 순환 전압 전류법들에 의해 얻은 결과들과 다소 다른 값으로 나타났다. 알카리성 용액에서 monomer인 cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin 화합물이 수식된 전극에서 산소의 호나원 반응 경로는 중간 생성물인 $H_2O_2$로 가는 2 전자반응으로 진행되었고, dimer인 cofacial bis-cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin 유도체 화합물들이 수식된 전극에서는 최종 생성물인 $H_2O$로 가는 4 전자 반응으로 진행되었다. 이와 같은 산소의 환원 반응은 전체적으로 비가역적으로 확산 지배적인 반응으로 주어졌다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.2461-2465
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• 2013

Pd-$Ce/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalysts were prepared by combined sol-gel and impregnation methods. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, $H_2$-temperature-programmed reduction, $O_2$-temperature-programmed desorption, and ethanol oxidation experiments were conducted to determine the properties of the catalysts. Addition of an optimal amount of Ce improved the performance of the $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$ catalyst in promoting the complete oxidation of ethanol. The catalyst with 1% Ce exhibited the highest activity, and catalyzed complete oxidation of ethanol at $175^{\circ}C$; its selectivity to $CO_2$ reached 87%. Characterization results show that addition of appropriate amount of Ce could enrich the PdO species, and weaken the Pd-O bonds, thus enhancing oxidation ability of the catalyst. Meanwhile, the introduction of $CeO_2$ could make PdO better dispersed on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3-TiO_2$, which is beneficial for the improvement of the catalytic oxidation activity.