• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.73-92
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to investigate the need of home economics education on high School male students for purpose, the questions raised in this study are as follows. 1. Does home economics education on high school male students needs\ulcorner and are whether not or home economics education on high school male students need different according to sex, age, edu-cation, income, occupation\ulcorner 2. If home economics education on high school male students need or not. What is the reason of that\ulcorner and are the reason of that different according to sex, age, education, income, occupation\ulcorner 3. If home economics education on high school male students need, what is the contents of home economics education and are that different according to sex, age, education, income, occupation\ulcorner The subjects of the study consisted of 183 men and women in Ch’ong ju City(over 21 years old) The data were analiged by statistical procedures such as frequency, X(sup)2, oneway ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The major results of the study were summarized as follow: 1. The response rate on home economics education on high school male students was absolutely high(91.8%). of demographic variables, the only sex appeared the significant differences. the men groups responsed higher not to need than the women groups. 2. As the reasons of home economics educations on high School male students needing the respons of the highest response rate were that ‘as family community, family members understant, cooperated, and are responsible with each other or one anther’and that ‘as society becomes in-dustrial gradually, family members have to have the accurate perception, or attitudies on home life’of demographic variables, sex, income, and occupation appeard the significant differences. In the contrast of that, as the reaspon of home economics education on high school male stu-dents not needing, the reasons of the highest. response rate were that ‘as sex, the role is different’and that ‘home economics education needs not essentially to learn through the school education’. and there were not differences according to demographic variables. 3. As home economics education contents for high school mal students, the most need content part was child part. the second content part was family development and family relationships part. There was the significant differences according to all the demographic variables. Particulary, the lower the lever of education, in come and occupation were, the less the degree of need on all content part was.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2017

Because of abnormal weather, a heavy snow on the Northern latitudes occurs frequently. This has resulted in significant damage and recovery costs. In korea, it has been declared a special disaster area due to heavy snowfall in Gangneung and Pohang 2004, 2005 and 2011, so there was a revision of action instruction for the road snow removal. Although, in our current system, snow removing methodology, regional equipment holdings, and snow responsible interval, respectively, has been classified by the National Highway, near cities and provinces support system not yet prepared. Only, if snow removing is not possible within the region itself, which contained the contents of "support and assistance to military or nearby offices requests". In this thesis, we studied the disaster scenario development according to heavy snow and the response and support system to the features of each regional. For the scenario deduction, we preferentially collected day snowfall and disaster yearbook data to regionals, classified similar pattern and plotted GIS snow map. We also classified heavy snow disaster by region and type and we deduced five-step scenario. The five-step scenario is nationwide(1st-stage), the National Capital region(2nd-stage), the Chungcheong Provinces(3rd-stage), the Kangwon province(4th-stage) and the Ch?l a provinces(5th-stage). Therefore we build near provinces support system according to five-step scenario.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.37-44
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• 1991

영산강 하구언 방조제의 건설로 인한 항만 및 이의 인접해역 해면의 변화는 예상한 바 있으며 실제 여러개소에서 월 2회정도의 주기로 목포 구항부근 상업지역에서 해면상승에 따라 주기적으로 침수되는 현상이 나타나고 있다 목포항의 영산강 하구언 방조제 조성으로 인한 조류성분중 최고기록을 가진 수로에서는 6kts 정도로 감소된 것으로 보고되고 있으나 주위자연환경 변화에 따른 수면 상승 및 해수면의 주기적인 변화 등에 대한 상세한 언급 및 깊이 있는 분석은 회피되어왔다. 수자원의 효율적관리를 위해 하구언 방조제는 이미 건설되었고 앞으로 대규모의 항만개발과 대불산업단지조성을 위해 추가 3개의 만입해안해역에 댐으로 해역을 막아 매립공사를 추진하고 있다 그러나 이 지역에 대한 분석은 타당성의 여부만을 강조한 상업적 용역이 이루어지고 있고 장래 개발에 대해 학술적이고 실질적인 문제점 추출과 해결방아네 대해서는 무시하거나 경시한 바가 많다 더구나 태풍 저기압 등과 같은 자연재해를 고려한 분석은 시도되지 못하고 있다 따라서 개발전후의 현상에 대한 상세한 자료 및 현장 조사와 극한 상태를 고려하여 개발에 따른 수위상승 부진동, 조류 수질등 이해역의 변화요소를 수집하고 분석하며 과학적 접근방법에 기초를 둔 수치모델의 실험을 포함하여 현장관측 및 측정자료를 검증하는 것이 필수적이라고 사료되어 종합분석의 한단계로 여기서는 하구언 및 하구간척(Land Reclamatic of Estuary barren)으로 해역축소에 따른 해면변화의 실제현상을 조사하여 정리하고 이를 수치모델을 통해 시뮬레이션하여 보았다 이는 종합개발의 좋은 기초자료로 이용됨은 물론이로 이지역의 개발에 기여할 것으로본다.적절하게 가정된 지반의 응력-변형률 관계와 간극수압특성에 의하여 고려되었다. 그 결과 응력 및 변위가 심하게 발생하는 지역은 황색 점토층이었으며 이로부터 황색 점토층에서 부터 파괴면이 생성되어 다른 지역으로 전파되었음을 유추할 수 있었다.form trap with 2.88[eV] deep of injected space charge from the chathode in the crystaline regions. The origin of ${\alpha}$$_2$ peak was regarded as the detrapping process of ions trapped with 0.9[eV] deep originated from impurity-ion remained in the specimen during production process of the material, in the crystalline regions. The origin of ${\beta}$ peak was concluded to be due to the depolarization process of "C=0"dipole with the activation energy of 0.75[eV] in the amorphous regions. The origin of ${\gamma}$ peak was responsible to the process combined with the depolarization of "CH$_3$", chain segment, with the activation energy of ca

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.336-347
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• 1985

Soils and rice plants subject to smoke from the Jang-hang Smelter were samples at two depths to assess the nature and extend of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contamination, particularly with respect to distance from pollution source. Soils at east site within 1km of the center of the smelter were highly contaminated with Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Metal levels in the smoke-polluted area were higher in surface soil than in subsurface soil, and decreased rapidly with distance reaching nearly background levels at 5km from pollution source. A position correlation was found between contents of total and 0.1 N HCl-extractable, or 1.0N $CH_3COONH_4$- extractable heavy metals in surface soils of pollution. Contents of heavy metals in soils were positively correlated with soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity. The contents of heavy metals in brown rice collected from the paddy field around the Jang-hang Smelter were in the range of 0.23-1.33 ppm for Cd, 2.39-6.25 for Cu, 0.95-8.32 ppm for Pb and 14.60-27.31 for Zn. The contents of Cd, Cu, and Zn in rice straw were positively correlated with those in the brown rice. Negative correlation was found between the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in brown rice and the distance from the source.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-89
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• 2019

To characterize the molecular structure of BzO-gal synthesized using Escherichia coli ${\beta}$-gal, NMR ($^1H$- and $^{13}C$-) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of BzO-gal were conducted. $^1H$ NMR spectrum of BzO-gal showed multiple peaks corresponding to the galactosyl group, which is an evidence of galactosylation on BzOH. Five proton peaks around the aromatic region at ${\delta}_H$ 7.43 ~ 7.24 ppm and 2 peaks from ${\delta}_H$ 4.93 and 4.67 ppm were evidence of the presence of the benzyl group. Seven proton peaks at ${\delta}_H$ 4.32 ~ 3.46 ppm showed the presence of a monosaccharide and were indicative of galactosylation on BzOH. $^{13}C$ NMR spectrum also revealed the presence of 11 carbons suggestive of BzO-gal. The mass value (sodium adduct ion of BzO-gal, m/z = 293.0994) from mass spectrometry analysis of BzO-gal, and $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectral data were in good agreement with the expecting structure of BzO-gal. We are expecting that through future study it will eventually be able to develop a new additive of low cytotoxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Urban Environment
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.523-530
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• 2018

Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, set the obligation to reduce $CO_2$, $CH_4$, $N_2O$, HFCs, PFCs, and $SF_6$ in developed countries during 1st promised period. $SF_6$ has been drawing a lot of attention since the Kyoto Protocol because once it is released into the atmosphere, it not only stays in the atmosphere for more than 3,200 years but also emits 22,800 times stronger global warming potential at the same concentrations as $CO_2$ if remains in the atmosphere for 100 years. This study introduces 12 methods for $SF_6$ of measuring trace. $SF_6$ of trace level in the atmosphere correctly, the measurement method was changed and as a result, when the back flush method was applied to the pre-concentration system that used low-temperature concentration and high-temperature desorption system, which used Carboxen-1000 adsorption trap, the effect was the best.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 2020

The landfill gas produced in landfill is generally made up of methane(CH4) and carbon dioxide(CO2) of more than 90%, with the remainder made up of hydrogen sulfide(H2S). However, separate pre-treatment facilities are essential as hydrogen sulfide contained in landfill gas is combined with oxygen during the combustion process to generate sulfur oxides and acid rain combined with moisture in the atmosphere. Various desulfurization technologies have been used in Korea to desulfurize landfill gas. Although general desulfurization processes apply various physical and chemical methods, such as treatment of sediment generation according to the CaCO3 generation reaction and treatment through adsorbent, there is a problem of secondary wastes such as wastewater. As a way to solve this problem, a biological treatment process is used to generate and treat it with sludge-type sulfide (S°) using a biological treatment process.In this study, as a basic study of technology for utilizing the biological treatment by-products of hydrogen sulfide in landfill gas, an experiment was conducted to use the by-product as a mixture of concrete. According to the analysis of the mixture concrete strength of sulfur products, the mixture of sulfur by-products affects the strength of concrete and shows the highest strength value when mixing 10%.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.451-460
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• 2023

Objective: This program aimed to reveal the association of feed intrinsic molecular structure with nutrient supply to animals from canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing. The special objective of this study was to quantify the relationship between molecular spectral feature and nutrient availability and develop nutrient prediction equation with vibrational molecular structure spectral profiles. Methods: The samples of feedstock (canola oil seeds) and co-products (meals and pellets) from different bio-oil processing plants in Canada (CA) and China (CH) were submitted to this molecular spectroscopic technique and their protein and carbohydrate related molecular spectral features were associated with the nutritional results obtained through the conventional methods of analyses for chemical and nutrient profiles, rumen degradable and intestinal digestible parameters. Results: The results showed that the spectral structural carbohydrates spectral peak area (ca. 1,487.8 to 1,190.8 cm^-1) was the carbohydrate structure that was most significant when related to various carbohydrate parameters of canola meals (p<0.05, r>0.50). And spectral total carbohydrate area (ca. 1,198.5 to 934.3 cm^-1) was most significant when studying the various carbohydrate parameters of canola seeds (p<0.05, r>0.50). The spectral amide structures (ca. 1,721.2 to 1,480.1 cm^-1) were related to a few chemical and nutrient profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) fractions, truly absorbable nutrient supply based on the Dutch protein system (DVE/OEB), and NRC systems, and intestinal in vitro protein-related parameters in co-products (canola meals). Besides the spectral amide structures, α-helix height (ca. 1,650.8 to 1,643.1 cm^-1) and β-sheet height (ca. 1,633.4 to 1,625.7 cm^-1), and the ratio between them have shown to be related to many protein-related parameters in feedstock (canola oil seeds). Multi-regression analysis resulted in moderate to high R² values for some protein related equations for feedstock (canola seeds). Protein related equations for canola meals and carbohydrate related equations for canola meals and seeds resulted in weak R² and low p values (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibrational molecular spectroscopy can be a useful resource to predict carbohydrate and protein-relates nutritional aspects of canola seeds and meals.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.527-536
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• 1999

Purpose: Radiotracers that bind to the central benzodiazepine receptor are useful for the investigation of various neurological and psychiatric diseases. [C-11]Flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist, is the most widely used radioligand for central benzodiazepine receptor imaging by PET. We synthesized 3-(2-[F-18]fluoro)flumazenil, a new fluorine-18 ($t_{1/2}$= 110 min) labeled analogue of benzodiazepine receptor imaging agent, and evaluated in vivo for biodistribution in mice. Materials and Methods: Flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) was synthesized by a modification of the reported method. Precursor of 3-(2-[F-18]fluoro)flumazenil, the tosylated flumazenil derivative was prepared by the tosylation of the ethyl ester by ditosylethane. [F-18] labeling of tosyl substitued flumazenil precursor was performed by adding F-18 ion at $85^{\circ}C$ in the hot ceil for 20 min. The reaction mixture was trapped by C18 cartridge, washed with 10% ethanol, and eluted by 40% ethanol. Bidistribution in mice was determined after intravenous injection. Results: The total chemical yield of tosylated flumazenil derivative was ${\sim}40%$. The efficiency of labeling 3-(2-[F-18]fluoro)flumazenil was 66% with a total synthesis time of 50 min. Brain uptakes of 3-(2-[F-18]fluoro)flumazenil at 10, 30, 60 min after injection, were $2.5{\pm}0.37,\;2.2{\pm}0.26,\;2.1{\pm}0.11$ and blood activities were $3.7{\pm}0.43,\;3.3{\pm}0.07,\;3.3{\pm}0.09%ID/g$, respectively. Conclusion: We synthesized a tosylated flumazenil derivative which was successfully labeled with no-carrier-added F-18 by nucleophilic substitution.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2017

Greenhouse gas emission from agricultural land is recognized as an important factor influencing climatic change. In this study, the national $CO_2$ emission was estimated for paddy soils, using soil GHG emission model (DNDC) with $1km^2$ scale. To evaluate the applicability of the model in Korea, verification was carried out based on field measurement data using a closed chamber. The total national $CO_2$ emission in 2015 was estimated at $5,314kt\;CO_2-eq$, with the emission per unit area ranging from $2.2{\sim}10.0t\;CO_2-eq\;ha^{-1}$. Geographically, the emission of Jeju province was particularly high, and the emission from the southern region was generally high. The result of the model verification analysis with the field data collected in this study (n=16) indicates that the relation between the field measurement and the model prediction was statistically similar (RMSE=22.2, ME=0.28, and $r^2=0.53$). More field measurements under various climate conditions, and subsequent model verification with extended data sets, are further required.