• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.145-154
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic of ryodoraku in the chronic low back pain patients who visited department of oriental rehabilitation medicine. Methods : Subjects were 32 patients who visited department of oriental rehabilitation medicine(<60 years old). The low back pain patients were measured points of twelve meridians by ryodoraku diagnosis and checked the duration of low back pain. We compared the mean ryodoraku and the percentage of each points beyond the physiological range. Results : The score of H1(LU9), H2(PC7), H3(HT7), H5(TE4) and F5(GB40) had statistical differences compared with mean ryodoraku. And the correlation between duration of pain and mean ryodoraku showed statistically significant negative correlation(r=-0.353). Conclusions : These results suggest that ryodoraku maybe used to evaluate chronic low back pain patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.53 no.7
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2003

This study was aimed at analyzing a characteristics of the sewing machines and analyzing the effective sewing time in the garment manufacture process, therefore to obtain the basic data concerned with the sewing. operation standardization. The two methods were experimented. First, two garment factories established in Seoul and Geonggi province were randomly selected for the analyzing the sewing speed of the sewing operator for the optimized sewing speed using the equipment of Digital Tachometer HT4100. Second, five garment factories established in Seoul and Geonggi province were randomly selected to analyze the required time data to reach the fixed sewing speed using the lock stitch sewing machine which was used in the sewing factories. The results are divided into 3 categories as follows; 1) Survey results for the optimized sewing speed : The sewing operations of 10~20 cm range were most frequently selected in seam constructions in Korean sewing factories, and the sewing speed of 2,500 R.P.M was most used; 2) Required time to reach the fixed sewing speed using the lock stitch sewing machine : The mean of required time to the fixed sewing speed of 2.500 R.P.M was 3.5 second, and the mean of the real-sewing length during the 3.5 second was 43.8 cm ; 3) Analysis of the optimized sewing speed calculated using these results : The optimized sewing speed for the sewing manufacturers of the upward of 43.8 cm was 2,500 R.P.M. and for the sewing manufacturers of the below of 42.2 cm, the optimized sewing speed was 2.450 R.P.M.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.139-160
• /
• 2004

The obesity is detrimental to the health of people living in affluent societies. Individual differences in energy metabolism are caused primarily by single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), some of which promote the development of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several different genes and environmental factors. In this review, five major conclusions are reached: (1)To be clinically significant, SNPs must be relevant, prevalent, modifiable, and measurable. (2)Differences in SNPs may have been caused by famine, ultraviolet light, alcohol, climate, agricultural revolution. livestock, lactase persistence, and westernized lifestyle. (3)Candidate obesity genes of calorie intake restriction are SIM 1, MC3R, MC4R, AGRP, CART, CCK, CNTFR, DRD2, Ghrelin, 5-HT receptor, NPY, PON and those of energy metabolism are LEP, LEPR, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, B2AR, B3AR, PGC-1, Androgen receptor and those of fat mobilization are AGT, ACE, ADA, APM1, Apolipoproteins, PPAR, FABP, FOXC2, GCGR, $11-{\beta}HSDI$, LDLR, Hormonal sensitive lipase, Perilipin, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $TNF-{\beta}$ (4)Candidate obesity genes in the eastern are NPY, LEP, LEPR, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, B2AR, B3AR, ACE, APM1, PPAR, and FABP. (5)Candidate obesity genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus are MC3R, MC4R, B2AR, B3AR, ADA, APM1, PPAR, FABP, FOXC2, PC1, PC2, ABCC8, CAPN10, CYP19, CYP7, ENPP1, GCK, GYS1, IGF, IL-6, Insulin receptor, IRS, and LPL. The discovery of SNPs will lead to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and to better diagnostics, treatment, and eventually prevention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.922-934
• /
• 2000

To investigate the composition of carotenoids present in marine organisms and the biological activity of the carotenoids, carotenoids of the muscles and tunic of tunicates and shellfishes were isolated and identified. Anitmutagenic activities of the carotenoids for S. typhimurium TA 98 and cytotoxic activity for cancer cell lines were determined. Total carotenoid contents in the muscle of tunicata ranged from 18.65 mg% to 2.39 mg%. The highest amount of the total carotenoid was found in the muscle of Halocynthia aurantium, followed by Styela clava (HERDMAN), H. roretzi, H. hilgendorfi f. igaboya, H. hilgendorfi f. retteri, S. plicata (LESUEUR) in order. Interestingly, total carotenoid content in the muscle of S. clava (HERDAMAN) was higher than that of H. roretzi. Total carotenoid content of all tunicata, other than H. aurantium and H. roretzi, were higher in muscle than tunic. The major carotenoids in H. roretzi, H. aurantium, S. plicata (LESUEUR), and S. clava (HERDAMAN) were cynthiaxanthin (25.1∼42.2%), halocynthiaxanthin (9.7∼26.3%), diatoxanthin (8.0∼18.7%) and β-carotene (7.7%∼21.7%). Similarly, cantaxanthin (19.6%), cynthiaxanthin (15.4%), halocynthiaxanthin (14.8%), and (3R, 3'R), (3S, 3'S)-astaxanthin (22.6%) in H. hilgendorfi f. retteri and fucoxanthin (26.6%), cynthiaxanthin (21.8%), halocynthiaxanthin (15.2%), and β-carotene (9.3%) in H. hilgendorfi f. igaboya were major carotenoids in both tunicate. However, the composition of carotenoids in muscle and tunic of tunicata was similar each other. Among the shellfishes examined, total carotenoid content of the muscle of Peronidia venulosa (Schrenck) and Corbicula fluminea, and of the gonad of Atrina pinnata and Chlamys farreri, was ranged from 2.51 to 6.83 mg% which were relatively higher than that of other shellfishes. The composition of the carotenoids of shellfishes, which might depend upon their living environments, was varied. But cynthiaxanthin (15.9∼39.0%) and zeaxanthin (9.6∼21.9%) in gonad of C. farreri, and muscles of Buccinum Volutharpa perryi (JAY) and Crassostrea gigas, cynthiaxanthin (21.5∼48.6%) and mytiloxanthin (14.6%) in muscle of C.fluminea and gonad of A. pinnata, and canthaxanthin (60.6%) and isozeaxanthin (20.5%) in muscles of P. venulosa (Schrenck), and β-carotene (23.7%∼37.8%) and zeaxanthin (18.2∼20.4) in muscles of Semisulcospira libertina and Meretrix lusoria were major carotenoids. Interestingly, diester type-carotenoids were present along with free type-carotenoids in muscles of C. gigas. antimutagenic effect of the carotenoids isolated from tunicata and shellfishes against 2-amino-3-methylimidazol [4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) for S. typhimurium TA 98 was proportional to the amount (20, 50 and 100㎍/plate) treated. Mutagenicity of IQ was significantly reduced by astaxanthin, isozeaxanthin, mytiloxanthin and halocynthiaxanthin, whereas the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) was significantly reduced by β-carotene, isozeaxanthin, and mytiloxnthin. Growth inhibition effect of carotenoids isolated from tunicata and shellfishes for cancer cell was proportional to the amount (5, 10, and 20㎍/plate) treated. The growth of HeLa cell by β-carotene, cynthiaxanthin, astaxanthin and halocynthiaxanthin, NCI-H87 cell by β-carotene, astaxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, and halocynthiaxanthin, HT-29 cell by β-carotene, cynthiaxanthin, mytiloxanthin and halocynthiaxanthin, and MG-63 cells by β-carotene, cynthiaxanthin, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and halocynthiaxanthin were statistically reduced.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.160-164
• /
• 2005

수마트립탄은 뇌혈관에 분포되어 있는 5-HT1B/1D수용체에 특이적이고 선택적으로 작용하여 뇌혈관 수축 작용을 나타내어 편두통의 치료에 널리 쓰이는 약물이다. 본 연구는 수마트립탄 제제인 이미그란(50 mg tablet, GSK사)을 대조약으로 하여 시험약인 명인 제약의 수마트란 50mg정의 생물학적 동등성 평가를 하기 위해 22명의 건강한 지원자를 모집하였다. 지원자를 두 군으로 나누어 1정씩 투여하였고 $2{\times}2$ 교차시험을 실시하였다. 수마트립탄의 혈장 중의 농도를 정량하기 위하여 발리데이션된 HPLC/FD를 사용하였다. 채혈 시간은 투약 전 및 투약 후 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3,4, 5, 7, 9, 12시간에 걸쳐 총 12시점에 걸쳐 시행하였다. 생물학적 동등성을 판정하기 위한 파라미터로 12시간까지의 혈장 중 농도 곡선 하 면적$(AUC_{12hr})$ 최고 혈중 농도$(C_{max})$를 사용하였다. $AUC_{12hr}$의 평균은 $137.87ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(시험약)과 $130.12ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(대조약)으로 나타났다. $C_{max}$의 경우 각 각 29.30 ng/ml(시험약)과 29.25ng/m1(대조약)으로 관찰되었다. $AUC_{12hr}$의 경우 로그변환 한 평균치 차의 90% 신뢰구간이 log0.95-log1.24이었고, $C_{max}$의 경우 log0.90-log1.149로 계산되 어 두 항목 모두 log0.8-log1.25이어야 한다는 식품의 약품 안전청 과 FDA의 기준을 모두 만족시켰다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 시험약 수마트란 정 50 mg은 대조약 이미그란 정 50 mg에 대하여 생물학적으로 동등한 것으로 판정되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.51 no.7
• /
• pp.742-746
• /
• 2008

Purpose : The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and adverse side-effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Methods : Forty-one patients who had been treated with GH for more than two years (24 boys and 17 girls, mean age $7.3{\pm}3.3$ years during treatment initiation) were enrolled for this study. Results : After 2 years of GH therapy, the height and weight standard deviation scores (SDS) increased significantly ($-1.19{\pm}1.37$ vs. $-0.02{\pm}1.45$, and $1.02{\pm}2.42$ vs. $1.63{\pm}2.22$, P<0.002); however the percentage body fat decreased ($44.6{\pm}9.9%$ vs. $38.1{\pm}10.5%$, P<0.001). Further, no change was observed in the thyroid and serum glucose levels, but the total cholesterol level decreased. GH therapy did not impact glucose control in the patients with diabetes. The most common adverse effects of GH therapy were the progression of scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy. Conclusion : GH therapy improved the height SDS and body composition in patients with PWS. However, GH should be used with caution in patients with scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.409-417
• /
• 2007

We investigated the effect of Arogh, a polyherbal formulation (PHF) on animal models of anxiety based on exploratory behavior. The anxiolytic activity of polyherbal formulation (30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) was studied using various behavioural paradigms such as elevated plus maze (EPM), light/dark apparatus (LDA), open field apparatus (OFA), hole board apparatus (HBA). Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was used as a standard anxiolytic drug. The effect of PHF (100 and 300 mg/kg) on serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline mediated behaviour was studied by lithium induced head twitches in rats, haloperidol induced catalepsy in mice and clonidine induced hypothermia in rats respectively. In EPM, PHF (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the time spent in open arms and the number of entries in open arms. In LDA, PHF (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the time spent in lit zone. In OFA, PHF (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the number of assisted rearing and the number of squares traversed. In HBA, PHF (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the number of head poking. In lithium induced head twitches, PHF (100 and 300 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the number of head twitches. In haloperidol induced catalepsy, PHF (300 mg/kg) decreased the duration of catalepsy significantly (P < 0.05) at 60 min. In clonidine-induced hypothermia, PHF (300 mg/kg) did not modify the effect. Drugs must be carefully assessed on EPM test and therefore in the present study EPM is supported by other tests. Present study indicates that Arogh, a polyherbal formulation possess anxiolytic activity. It diminished serotonergic transmission and decreased the duration of catalepsy indicating potentiation of dopaminergic transmission. Thus, Arogh a polyherbal formulation contains bioactive principles which possess anxiolytic activity and modified 5-HT and DA mediated behaviour.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 1991

In order to investigate the effects of glutathione against ceroidosis on flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, a serial experiment was carried out at indoor tanks in Cheju province, the southern island of R.O.Korea, from October 1 to November 4 of 1991. The choosed group of flounder for this experiment, ranged from 92 to 122g in body weight, already showed a distinct histological ceroidosis in liver, spleen, kidney about six months before this experiment. They were fed on formulated diets supplemented with glutathione of 0mg, 1mg, 2mg, 5mg, 10mg per kg of diet per day. Some flounders were fed on the decomposed diet as a control continuosuly. Two individuals fed on the experimental diets were cought at an interval 7 days for 35 days and analyzed the values of blood indexs. 1. While the values of RBC, Hb, Ht, MCHC, MCV of flounder fed on the decomposed diet and the glutathione non-supplemented diet were not changed compared with the beginning levels of experiment, those fed on the glutathione supplemented diets, showed markedly increased values from 7th day of experiment and from 21th day of experiment reached to the values of healthy flounder. 2. The variation of TP, Glu, Alp, BUN, TG, T-cho, GOT and GPT were not observed in the groups fed on the control diet and glutathione non-supplemented diet. In contrast, those values in the groups fed on the glutathione supplemented diets were markedly decreased from 7th day and become constant from 21th day. 3. The effect of glutathione supplementation with high concentration in diets showed much better improvements of symptoms concequently, compared with those of low concentration diets.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to characterize the lactic acid bacteria found in makgeolli in terms of bacterial identity and gastric compatibility. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from commercial raw makgeolli and separated into six strains that are resistant to gastric acidity and bile acid. These strains were identified by analysis of their 16S rDNA, as Lactobacillus plantarum BSM-2 and EHJ-1, Lactobacillus casei GSM-3 and EHJ-2, Lactobacillus brevis BSM-3 and Pediococcus pentosaceus TJH-1. All strains exhibited adhesion to intestines, showing that they were probiotic. We also found that L. plantarum BSM-2 had excellent resistance to bile acid as well as antioxidant activity. Taken together with its antibacterial properties and ability to lower cholesterol, our data suggest that L. plantarum BSM-2 was the most beneficial probiotic among the six strains.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 1998

Purpose: The purpose of our study is to provide useful information for me-asurement methods of childhood obesity and to provide clinical significance of bioelectrical impedance analysis. Methods: We measured height, weight, waist to hip ratio, skinfold thickness and bioelectrical impedance from 206 elementary students in Kwangju from May to July 1997. Results: In males; 1) There were statistically high correlations between tri-ceps skinfold thickness and body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%BF), weight, Rohler index (RI), total fat weight (TFW), waist to hip (W/H) ratio, height, lean body mass (LBM) (all, p<0.001). 2) There were statistically high correlations between subscapular skinfold thickness and BMI, RI, weig-ht, %BF, TBW (all, p<0.001). 3) There were statistically high correlations between %BF and BMI, triceps skinfold thickness, RI, TFW, subscapular skinfold thickness, weight (all, p<0.001). In females; 4) There were statistically high correlations between triceps skinfold thickness and BMI, weight, LBM, height, %BF (all, p<0.001). 5) There were statistically significant correlations between subscapular skinfold thickness and BMI, weight, LBM, RI, height. 6) There were statistically high correlations between percentage of body fat and BMI, RI, triceps skinfold thickness. The percentage of body fat according to the bioelectrical impedance analysis highly correlated with that calculated by skinfold thickness in males (r＝0.57, p<0.01) and in females (r＝0.30, p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of our study suggests that bioelectrical impedance analysis is a useful method of estimating body fat in the childhood obesity.