• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.131-134
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• 1993

Panaxadiol (PD) from Korean red ginseng C.A. Meyer did not control the concentration of cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}$ influxes by thrombin (5 $\mu$/ml). However, PD strongly inhibited the synthesis of thromboxane. $A_2$ (TX$A_2$) in the aggregation of human platelets induced by thrombin (5 $\mu$/ml). These rexults suggest that PD blocks the any Pathway transforming to TX$A_2$ from arachidonic acid (AA) which release out of plasma membrane phospholipids by $Ca^{2+}$-dependent phospholipase C or phospholipase $A_2$. It may be also concluded that PD has the antiplatelet function by inhibiting the synthesis of TX$A_2$, which known to be the potent stimulator of the aggregation of human platelet.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2010

The synthesis and reactivities of molybdenum carbide crystallites were examined in this study. Especially, the effect of synthesis conditions were scrutinized on the preparation of molybdenum carbide crystallites. In order to perform this purpose, various characterization techniques such as BET surface area and oxygen uptake measurements were employed for the synthesized molybdenum carbide crystallites. First of all, the molybdenum carbide crystallites were synthesized using molybdenum oxide crystallites and methane gas or methane-hydrogen mixture. The experimental results showed that BET surface areas ranged from $7.4m^2/g$ to $31m^2/g$ and oxygen uptake values varied from $8.1{\mu}mol/g$ to $24.3{\mu}mol/g$. The Mo compounds were found to be active for ammonia decomposition reaction. Even though there are some molybdenum carbide crystallites that were exceeded by Pt/$Al_2O_3$ crystallite, the steady state reactivities for other molybdenum carbide crystallites were comparable to or even higher than that determined for the Pt/$Al_2O_3$ crystallite. These results implied that molybdenum carbide crystallites could be one of the promising crystallites that might be substitutes for Pt-like noble metal crystallites in the petroleum processes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.3219-3223
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• 2014

Ochnaflavone, a naturally occurring biflavonoid composed of two units of apigenin (5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone) joined via a C-O-C linkage, was first synthesized and evaluated its inhibitory activity on $PGE_2$ production. Total synthesis was accomplished through modified Ullmann diaryl ether formation as a key step. Coupling reactions of 4'-halogenoflavones and 3'-hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone were explored in diverse reaction conditions. The reaction of 4'-fluoro-5,7-dimethoxyflavone (2c) and 3'-hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (2d) in N,N-dimethylacetamide gave the coupled compound 3 in 58% yield. Synthetic ochnaflavone strongly inhibited PGE2 production ($IC_{50}=1.08{\mu}M$) from LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells, which was due to reduced expression of COX-2. On the contrary, the inhibition mechanism of wogonin was somewhat different from that of ochnaflavone although wogonin, a natural occurring anti-inflammatory flavonoid, showed strong inhibitory activity of $PGE_2$ production ($IC_{50}=0.52{\mu}M$), and seems to be COX-2 enzyme inhibition. Our concise total synthesis of ochnaflavone enable us to provide sufficient quantities of material for advanced biological studies as well as to efficiently prepare derivatives for structure-activity relationship study.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2013

본 논문은 음성합성에서 사용되는 오디오 부호기/복호기 설계 및 구현을 기술한다. 설계된 회로는 원래 음성 샘플대신에 연속되는 음성 샘플의 차를 부호화하는 방식으로 압축율은 4:1 이다. FPGA를 이용해서 각각의 기능을 검증하고, $0.35{\mu}m$ 표준 CMOS 공정을 이용하여 칩으로 제작해서 성능을 측정하였다. 시스템 클럭 주파수는 16.384MHz를 사용한다. THD(Total Harmonic Distortion)+n은 주파수에 따라서 -40dB에서 -80dB 값을 지니고, 전력 소모는 전원 전압 3.3V에서 80mW로써, 고음질과 저전력 소모를 요구하는 모바일 응용에 적합하다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 1986

These experiments were conducted to know whether RNA syntheis is involved in the cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation of mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes in vitro. Mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes(COC's) were cultured in the presence of cordycepin, an inhibitior of RNA synthesis and its effect on the cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation were examined. The results were as follows. 1. Continuous presence of cordycepin in the medium(200${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the HCG-induced cumulus cell expansion of mouse complexes. This inhibition was reversible. 2. When the COC'S were preincubated with different concentration of cordycepin plus HCG for 3 hours and then transferred to the plain medium, the HCG induced cumulus expansion was suppressed at $100{\mu}g/ml$ of cordycepin. 3. When the COC'S were cultured with cordycepin after HCG stimulation(3hrs), the cumulus expansion were not suppressed by cordycepin. 4. Oocyte meiotic maturation did not appear to be affected by cordycepin. The data presented here imply that RNA synthesis is involved in the cumulus expansion process and that mouse oocytes are more resistant to RNA synthesis inhibitor than cumulus cells.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 두 매의 BD-2 렌즈와 비구면 회절 광학을 포함하는 F/1.2, 시야각 $15.2^{\circ}$와 $8-14{\mu}m$의 원적외선 파장대역을 가지는 광학계를 설계하였다. 이 광학계는 uncooled camera에 사용될 수 있으며, 광학계의 분석은 BSP로 진행되었다. 회절광학은 주어진 두께를 가지는 물리적인 면으로 취급하였으며, 분석결과를 출사동공법과 같은 기존 방법들에 의한 것과 회절차수 합성법에 의한 것과 비교하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.242-252
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• 1988

Branched-chain 아미노산이인 leucine이 골격근육의 단백질 합성을 촉진하는 요소로 보고되어 왔다. 이러한 역할은 다른 아미노산도 나타낼 수 없는 특이한 것이나 생체로부터 분리된 근육(isolated muscle system)에서 라는 제한된 실험조건하에 얻어진 결과에 바탕하므로, 본 연구는 생체내에서 leucine이 단백질의 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 시도되었다. 실험동물은 정상으로 먹이를 먹인 또는 하루 굶게된 주로 leucine군과 비교군으로 나누었다. Leucine군은 80 또는 $160\mu\textrm{moles}$의 leucine을 복강으로 한번 주사하여 주입받았고 비교군에는 생리적 식염수를 같은 방법으로 주입했다. 단백질 합성속도는 $^{14}\textrm{C}-tyrosine을 주사한 후 근육의 단백질에 혼입된 $^{14}\textrm{C}의 량으로 측정하였다. 본 연구에 이용된 근육은 두가지 형태의 뒷다리 근육 즉 oxidative형 soleus와 glycolytic형 extensor digitorium longus(EDL)와 plataris근육이었다. 만 하루 굶게된 뒤의 EDL과 plantaris 근육은 $160\mu\textrm{moles}$의 leucine에 의해 단백질 합성 속도가 24%, 29% 씩 각각 상승했다. 하루 굶게된 쥐의 soleus근육과 정상으로 먹인 쥐의 어느 근육도 첨가된 leucine에 대해 반응을 보이지 않았다. Leucine에 의해 단백질 합성 속도가 상승된 근육은 굶게되므로 합성속도가 정상군의 54%로 떨어졌고 soleus근육은 정상군의 78%에 상당한 단백질 합성 능력을 가지고 있었다. 따라서 생체로부터 분리된 근육에서 동물의 영양상태나 홀몬 분비의 정상여부에 관계없이 leucin이 단백질 생합성 속도를 상승시키는 현상은 생체내에서 재현되지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 식이 제한등으로 인한 스트레스에 민감하게 반응하여 근육내 생성 활동이 저하된 특수한 상태에서만 leucine은 골격근육의 질소 보유능력을 상승시키리라는 것을 시사한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.144-154
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• 1994

Final goal of periodontal treatment is to reconstruct the destructed periodontal tissue as well as to remove the necrotic pathologic elements. The purpose of this study is to investigate on the effect of Zizyphi extract to the inhibitory ability on collagenolytic activity of P gingivalis, biologic activity of gingival fibroblasts, and on the collagen and protein synthesis of gingival fibroblasts. Gingival fibroblast from giniva of first bicuspids from patient for orthodontic treatment were used and cultured. For the measurement of inhibitory ability of collagenolytic activity, crude enzyme was extracted and used on the basis of modified Ono's method. On the inhibition of collagenolytic enzyme from herbal extracts, collagenokit CLN-100 were used. The cellular activity of gingival fibroblast, were studied using MTT solution and measured optical density on 570mm by ELISA reader. To measure the effects on the ability of whole protein and collagen synthesis, cell membrane was destructed with ultrasonic grinder after culturing, centrifuged and counted by liquid scintilation counter. The inhibitory effects on producing of $IL-l{\beta}$ by monocyte, after promotion of producing $IL-l{\beta}$ by LPS, were compared with the mixture of herbal extracts and other drugs using thymocyte stimulation assay. About inhibitory effects of $PGF_2$. by gingival fibroblasts, herbal extract was compared with the addition of the other control groups using enzyme imunoassay. On the inhibition of collagenolytic activity by P. gingivalis, benzene extracts showed the most efficient inhibitory effects among the $19{\mu}g/ml$ of the compared extracts and 40.5% by Tetracycline. On the cellular activity promoting effects, compared extracts showed a bit of more effects than PDGF of $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration and IGF of $20{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. All of the PDGF, IGF, Zizyphi Fructus extract should increase in collagen synthesis, but especially 70% ethylalcohol extracts of Zizyphi Fructus showed comparably high effects among the compared extracts. Effects on whole protein synthesis were slightly increased on every extract but especially 70% ethylalcohol extract showed significantly effective than any other estract. On the inhibitory effects of Zizyphi Fructus $IL-l{\beta}$ production by monocyte, compared extracts showed 70% of highly inhibitory effect than that of 60% inhibition effects on controlled group and each extracts showed no significant difference. In $PGF_2$ production inhibitroy effect of Zizyphi Fructus gingival fibroblasts, Herbal extracts showed 70% of inhibition comparing with tat of 90.2% of controlled group, but each extracts showed similar effects excluding the $H_2O$ extracts. These results suggested that Zizyphi Fructus might be useful medicine for inhibition of inflammatory mediator including $IL-l{\beta}$ and $PGF_2$.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.38-50
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• 2017

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate effects of Lonicera Flos Extracts(LFE) on whitening using B16F10 cell lines. Methods : In this experiment, we observed effects of LFE on cell viability, inhibitory effects of melanin synthesis, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase, tyrosinase activity, superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity and mRNA expression. Results : In results, more than $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group showed lowered cell viability rates significantly compared to albutin treated group. More than $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated groups were lower levels of melanin synthesis. Inhibitory effects of melanin production showed in $1000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group. $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group significantly suppressed tyrosinase activities in vitro. LFE and albutin treated group significantly decreased tyrosinase activity compared to non treated group. SOD-like activity of LFE treated group was lower than vitamin C treated group but increased depending on concentration. $500{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group was significantly increased. Tyrosinase mRNA expression of ${\alpha}$-MSH and LFE $250{\mu}g/ml$ treated group significantly decreased compared to ${\alpha}$-MSH treated group. Conclusions : These results suggest that LFE can inhibit melanin synthesis through inhibitory action on tyrosinase activity. And LFE suppressed tyrosinase activities B16F10 cells significantly. So I suggest LFE can apply to whitening.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.225-233
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• 1983

哺乳動物의 排卵時 濾胞卵子의 成熟再開와 더불어 卵子를 緻密하게 둘러싸고 있는 卵子細胞들의 分散이 일어난다. 이 現象은 生殖巢刺戟호르몬의 促進을 받은 卵丘細胞들이 細胞間隔에 多量의 뮤코量을 分泌함으로써 이루어지는데 이 때 cAMP가 第二 傳達者로 作用을 한다고 알려져 있다. 본 實驗에서는 卵子-卵丘 複合體를 培養하면서 HCG (10 IU/ml)에 의해 誘導된 卵丘細胞의 分散에 puromycin과 actinomycin D가 미치는 영향을 調査한 바 다음과 같은 缺課를 얻었다. 1. Puromycin은 2 $\\mu$g/ml의 濃度에서 卵丘細胞의 分散을 현저히 抑制하였으며 이 效果는 可逆的이었다. 2. Puromycin의 分散抑制效果는 HCG의 刺戟기간 (3시간) 뿐 아니라 뮤코量의 合成時期 ($3\\sim18$시간)에서도 나타났다. 3. Actinomycin D는 0.025 $\\mu$g/ml의 濃度에서부터 卵丘細胞의 分散을 抑制하기 시작했다. 4. Actinomycin D의 分散抑制效果는 부분적인 可逆性을 나타내었으며 0.1 $\\mu$g/ml의 濃度에서는 非可逆的인 災害效果를 나타내었다. 위의 缺課로부터 HCG의 卵丘細胞 分散誘導過程에는 蛋白質 내지 RNA의 合成過程이 관여하는 것으로 測定되며 따라서 cAMP는 轉寫 내지 解讀水準에서 卵丘細胞의 分散을 調節하는 것 같다.