• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.541-545
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• 2009

Water and ethanol extracts were prepared from the haesongi mushroom (Hypsizigus marmoreus) to measure functional components. The ability of the extracts to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and their hypoglycemic effects were also determined; the latter was measured by $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase inhibition. Extraction yield, protein content, total phenol, and $\beta$-glucan in the water extracts were 55.86, 17.71, 1.89, and 21.93%, respectively. The respective values for the ethanol extracts were lower than those for water extracts. Both water and ethanol extracts showed dosedependent ACE inhibition, the effect of the former being greater. The water extract inhibited ACE activity by 95.34% at 40 mg/mL. The $IC_{50}$ values of the water extracts were 63.32 and 0.41 mg/mL for $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase, respectively. Thus, the water extracts had a greater hypoglycemic effect than the ethanol extracts. From these results, water is a better solvent than ethanol to extract from the haesongi mushroom functional components that show ACE inhibition and have hypoglycemic effects.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.432.2-432
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.343-351
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the whitening effect of aerial part of Pueraria lobata and mechanisms. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, dose-dependently reduced the melanin content. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, significantly decreased cellular tyrosinase activity, while there was not any effect on tyrosinase in cell-free conditions. To elucidate the mechanisms behind the aerial part of Pueraria lobata, treated melanogenesis regulation, the expressions of melanogensis related genes, proteins, and the activity of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ were determined. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, significantly inhibited gene and protein levels of MITF, tyrosinase and TRP-1. It suppressed the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, leading to inhibition on the maturation of tyrosinase. Also aerial part of Pueraria lobata, was observed to have the high antioxidant activity. These results suggested that whitening effect of aerial part of Pueraria lobata, should be due to the down-regulation of MITF, tyrosinase and TRP-1 expression and the intercepting maturation of tyrosinase through suppressing ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. Another should be the high anti-oxidant activity. The findings show the possibility that aerial part of Pueraria lobata, can be used as a potential skin-whitening agent.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.174-177
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• 2015

A potent α-glucosidase inhibitor (compound I) was isolated from coffee brews by activity-based fractionation and identified as a β-carboline alkaloid norharman (9H-pyrido[3.4-b]indole) on the basis of mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and COSY). The norharman showed potent inhibition against α-glucosidase enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.27 mM for maltase and 0.41 mM for sucrase. A Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that norharman inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme uncompetitively, with a K_i value of 0.13 mM.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.935-945
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• 2014

Persimmon leaves were commonly consumed as beverages, but were also used as popular folk medicine in Asia. The purpose of this work was to assess the biological activities of Diospyros Lotus L. extracts (DLLE). Various solvent extracts, including n-Hexnae, $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, and n-BuOH fractions, were obtained from the methanol extract of Diospyros Lotus L. leaves. The increasing interest in the powerful biological activity of plant phenolics and flavonoids outlined the necessity for determining their content in medicinal herbs. In this study, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) in the EA fraction were higher than those of other fractions. The biological activities of DLLE were tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as an anti-oxidant effect and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity as an anti-diabetic effect. The EA fraction with high TPC and TFC values showed the highest anti-oxidant effect and high ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition. The EA fractions were further purified into eight fractions using open column chromatography. Higher anti-oxidant and anti-${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity were observed in polar fractions. The content of the flavonoids, including quercein-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, myricetin, luteolin, and kaempferol, were analyzed in effective fractions using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results suggest that DLLE have anti-oxidative and anti-diabetic effects and thus, have the potential as anti-diabetic materials and as a source for natural health products.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1250-1259
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• 2018

In this study, Momordica charantia (MC) fermented with Leuconostoc mesenteroides (MC-LM) were assessed for the antioxidant and the antidiabetic activities. Antioxidant activities of MC and MC-LM were evaluated using 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) radical. Although MC-treated groups showed little activity, 47% of activity was observed at $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration for MC-LM and increased significantly(p<0.05) as MC-LM concentration increased. MC-LM more effectively inhibited the oxidative damage of DNA by peroxyl radical than MC and the inhibition of the strand breakage increased significantly as MC-LM concentration increased(p<0.05). Measuring the inhibition of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity, which is closely related to the regulation of blood sugar, resulted in MC reduced the activity of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ by 30% at 8 mg/mL and MC-LM at the same concentration by 60%. In addition, the effect of MC-LM on the cell viability of alloxan-treated RIN-m5F resulted in a significant increase in cell survival(p<0.05) in the group treated with MC-LM and a 20% increase in the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/mL$. As a result of insulin secretion by alloxan-treated RIN-m5F cell, the level of insulin secretion tended to increase in all group treated with MC-LM. At the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/mL$, the insulin secretion was increased by 15% in MC-LM group than in MC group. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that fermented bitter gourd has antioxidant and antidiabetic effects.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.375-381
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics and biological activities of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit extracts fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum based on fermentation period of 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The study showed the pH of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit fermentation extracts have decreased as fermentation time increased, but the sugar content remained the same. The total acid content increased as the fermentation time increased. The viable cell count was at highest at 24 h (8.59 log CFU/mL) of fermentation, and the viable cell count decreased as the fermentation time increased. The total polyphenol content (14.85 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (6.74 mg RE/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity, reducing power, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity were highest at 24 h of fermentation. Therefore, the study proved fermentation of Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit with lactic acid increases physiological activity compared to nonfermented Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruit. Also the 24 h of fermentation had the highest activity, confirming the possibility of future use as a functional food material.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.134-134
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• 1998

The modulation of glycosidase activity by inhibitors is of great interest. Such compounds have been shown to be important tools in mechanistic studies on glycohydrolase as well as having promising therapeutic application. An ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor was isolated from culture filterates of Penicillium sp. The inhibitor was active against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase isolated from yeast and porcine small intestine. However, it showed no inhibition to Aspergillus ${\alpha}$-galactosidase, Escherichia coli ${\beta}$-galactosidase, and jack bean ${\alpha}$-mannosidase. The inhibitor was highly soluble in ether, methanol and chloroform. The inhibitor was purified using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. The inhibitory compound designated PA-7(IC$\sub$50/=35$\mu\textrm{g}$) was obtained as white powder. The structure of PA-7 was determined with spectroscopic data of EI-MS, FAB-MS, $^1$H, and $\^$13/C NMR. The inhibitor has a diketopiperazine moiety.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.179-182
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• 2014

In the present study, we investigated the effects of methanol extracts from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata against antiviral potential underlying mechanism in glucosidase inhibition. Syncytium formation in Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell originates from the trafficking of viral glycoprotein into cell-surface. Methanol extracts inhibited not only syncytium formation, but also trafficking of glycoprotein, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), onto cell-surface. A. katsumadai extracts showed the inhibitory activities ($IC_{50}$ $25{\mu}g/mL$) against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase. These results suggested that blue chanterelle extracts inhibited the cell-surface expression of NDV-HN glycoprotein without significantly affecting HN glycoprotein synthesis in NDV-infected BHK cells.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2009

The $\beta$-glucosidase gene from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The ORF consisted of 1377 nucleotides encoding 51 kDa in a predicted molecular weight. Effects of pH indicated that the $\beta$-glucosidase showed similar activity using $\alpha$-pNPG($\rho$-nitrophenyl-$\alpha$-D-glucopyranoside), $\beta$-pNPG($\rho$-nitrophenyl-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside), and $\beta$-pNPF($\rho$-nitrophenyl-$\beta$-D-fucopyranoside) at range of pH 3 to 10, and high activity using $\beta$-pNPGA ($\rho$-nitrophenyl-$\beta$-D-galactopyranoside) from pH 5 to 10, especially, 3.3 times higher activity at pH 9. Effects of temperature indicated that the $\beta$-glucosidase showed low activity using $\alpha$-pNPG, $\beta$-pNPG, and $\beta$-pNPF from $20^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$, and increased activity using $\beta$-pNPGA from $30^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$, 1.8 times higher activity at $50^{\circ}C$ than at $30^{\circ}C$. According to activity determination of other substrates, the enzyme was active on daidzin, genistin, and glycitin, inactive on esculin and apigenin-7-glucose. The EDTA and DTT as reducing agents inhibited $\beta$-glucosidase activity, but SDS and mercaptoethanol did not inhibit. Monovalent or divalent metal ions such as $MnSO_4$, $CaCl_2$, KCl, and $MgSO_4$ did not inhibited $\beta$-glucosidase activity. $CuSO_4$ and NaCl showed low inhibition, and $ZnSO_4$ inhibited 3.3 times higher than control.